|
|
| Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science
July/September 2007 | Vol. 2 No. 4-5 |
|
Title: |
Genetic
variability for yield parameters in maize (Zea mays
L.) genotypes |
|
Author (s): |
Naushad Ali
Turi, S. Salim Shah, Sajid Ali, H. Rahman, Tahir Ali and
Muhammad Sajjad |
|
Abstract: |
The present
study was conducted to assess the magnitude of genetic
variability in maize genotypes for yield and yield
components under agro climatic conditions of Peshawar
valley. The experiment was conducted at NWFP Agricultural
University Peshawar, during spring 2005. Significant
variability was observed for cob length, grains rows cob-1,
fresh cob weight, grain moisture content, 300-grains weight
and grain yield. Sarhad white had maximum cob length (16cm)
while PESV-3-1 and EV-2 x Pahari had least cob length
(11cm). Azam and EV-2 x Pehari had maximum number of grain
rows cob- 1 (16cm), while minimum grain rows cob-1
was recorded in Jalal and FRW-4 x EV-3 (13cm). Data recorded
for fresh cob weight showed that genotype FRW-4 X EV-3
(Late) had maximum fresh cob weight (14.30kg) while the
minimum fresh cob weight (4.4kg) was recorded for EV-2. The
maximum percent grain moisture content was obtained in
genotype PESV-3-3 ( 43.40%), while the minimum was obtained
in the genotype EV-2 (15.00%), maximum value for 300 grain
weight was shown by Azam (11.0g), while the minimum value
(6.2g) was recorded in genotype FRW-4 x EV-3 (Late). FRW-4 x
EV-3 (Late) showed higher grain yield ha-1 with
the value of 11900kg ha-1, while the genotype
Azam had low grain yield ha-1 (1171kg ha-1).
The present study revealed considerable amount of diversity
among the tested populations which could be manipulated for
further improvement in maize breeding. |
| |
|
|
|
Title: |
Synthesis and
bactericidal studies of some copper (ii) carboxylates with
urea |
|
Author (s): |
I. O. Adeoye,
A. A. Ayandele and Odunola O. A. |
|
Abstract: |
New
coordination compounds of copper (II) carboxylates with urea
and thiourea have been synthesized tested with Pseudomonas
aeuriginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae,
Proteus vulgaris, E. coli and Staphylococcus sp. The
compounds exhibited promising antimicrobial activity when
compared with the five antibiotics (Amoxicillin
Cotrimoxazole Ciprofloxacin Gentamycin and Tetracyclin) used
as standard positive control. |
| |
|
|
|
Title: |
Physiological
responses of mango (Mangifera indica) rootstock
seedlings to water stress |
|
Author (s): |
Luvaha E.,
Netondo G. W. and G. Ouma |
|
Abstract: |
Water
stress affects plant growth and crop productivity in the
vast semi-arid and arid regions of Kenya. The present study
was aimed at investigating the effect of different watering
regimes on the growth of young mango rootstock seedlings.
Six months old mango (Mangifera indica) rootstock
seedlings were grown in polythene pots in a green house at
Maseno University, Kenya and were subjected to four watering
regimes namely watering daily, twice in a week, once in a
week and once in two weeks. Treatments were in a completely
randomized design replicated six times. The physiological
parameters determined were stomatal conductance,
transpiration rate, CO2 assimilation rate and
intercellular CO2 concentration, all determined
by infra red gas analyser and leaf chlorophyll content
determined by standard methods. The results showed that
increasing water stress reduced the physiological parameters
particularly at the later days of plant growth, due to
stomatal and non-stomatol factors. Leaf chlorophyll content
however, chlorophyll content was slightly increased since
the chrophyll pigments may have been resistant to
dehydration. It was concluded that increase in water stress
reduces the gas exchange parameters of mango rootstock
seedlings but slightly increased chlorophyll content. |
| |
|
|
|
Title: |
Effects of
environment on progesterone level of dairy cattle in
district Nowshera |
|
Author (s): |
Ajab Khan, Zaib Ullah Khan
and Abdu Razziq |
|
Abstract: |
Effects of
environment on fertility measures early in lactation, such
as the interval from calving to first luteal activity (CLA),
proportion of samples with luteal activity during the first
60 days after calving (PLA) and interval to first ovulatory
estrus (OOE) were studied. Traditional measurements of
fertility, such as pregnancy to first insemination, number
of inseminations per service period and interval from first
to last insemination were studied as well as associations
between the early and late measurements. Data were collected
from an experimental herd during 15 years and included 1106
post-partum periods from 191 Holsteins and 325 Jersey dairy
cows. Individual milk progesterone samples were taken twice
a week until cyclicity and thereafter less frequently. First
parity cows had 14.8 and 18.1 days longer CLA (LS-means
difference) than second parity cows and older cows,
respectively. Moreover, CLA was 10.5 days longer for cows
that calved during the winter season compared with the
summer season and 7.5 days longer for cows in tie-stalls
than cows in loose-housing system. Cows treated for mastitis
and lameness had 8.4 and 18.0 days longer CLA, respectively,
compared with healthy cows. OOE was affected in the same way
as CLA by the different environmental factors. PLA was a
good indicator of CLA, and there was a high correlation
(−0.69) between these two measurements. Treatment for
lameness had a significant influence on all late fertility
measurements, whereas housing was significant only for
pregnancy to first insemination. All fertility traits were
unfavorably associated with increased milk production.
Regression of late fertility measurements on early fertility
measurements had only a minor association with conception at
first AI and interval from first to last AI for cows with
conventional calving intervals, i.e. a 22 days later, CLA
increased the interval from first to last insemination by
3.4 days. Early measurements had repeatability of 0.14–0.16,
indicating a higher influence by the cow itself compared
with late measurements, which had repeatability of
0.09–0.10. This study shows that early fertility
measurements have a possibility to be used in breeding for
better fertility. To improve the early fertility of the cow,
there are a number of important factors that have to be
taken into account. |
| |
|
|
|
Title: |
Contributions
of shoot N, P and K to tuber yield of Irish potato (Solanum
tuberosum L.) at Samaru, Nigeria |
|
Author (s): |
Babaji B. A.,
Amans E. B., A. M. Falaki, U. F. Chiezey, Mahmud, M., Mahadi
M. A. and Muhammad A. A. |
|
Abstract: |
Trials were
conducted during the dry seasons of 1998/99 and 1999/2000
at the Irrigation Farm, Institute for Agricultural Research,
Samaru to test the response of four varieties of Irish
potato (Greta, Nicola, RC 767-2 and WC 732-1) to four rates
of NPK fertilizer (0, 300, 600 and 900 kg/ha), two forms of
seed tuber (whole and cut-tubers). Positive and highly
significant correlation (P = 0.01) was observed between
tuber yield and shoot N (r = 0.47, 0.74 and 0.57), P (r =
0.51, 0.41 and 0.57) and K (r = 0.33, 0.48 and 0.47) during
the dry seasons of 1998/99 and 1999/2000 and the combined of
the two seasons, respectively. A strong and positive
relationship (P = 0.01) was also found when shoot N, P and K
contents were correlated among each other during the two
seasons and the two year combined except in 1998/99 dry
season when a positive though non significant correlation
was observed between shoot N and shoot K (r = 0.15). The
direct contributions of shoot N and P to tuber yield were
generally much higher than the indirect contributions except
for shoot K whose indirect contribution to tuber yield out
weighed that of the direct contributions in most cases. The
indirect contributions to tuber yield were generally higher
through either shoot N or shoot K. Shoot N (25.21%)
generally made the highest percent contribution followed by
Shoot K (3.37%) and finally shoots P (2.36%). Combined
percent contribution from shoot N + P (9.11%) was more than
that from shoot N + K (7.75%), and the least was from shoot
P + K (2.77%). Shoot N and P contributed more to tuber
yield individually and in the combined form, directly and
indirectly. |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
