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| Journal of Agricultural and
Biological Science
November 2006 | Vol.1 No.4 |
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Title: |
Effects of six plant extracts on rice
weevil sitophilus oryzae l. in the stored wheat grains |
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Author (s): |
A.U.R. Saljoqi, Munir Khan Afridi, Shah
Alam Khan and Sadur-Rehman |
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Abstract: |
Ethanol extracts of six
plants materials i.e. bakain drupes (Melia azdarach), habulas leaves (Myrtus
communis), mint leaves (Mentha longifolia), bakain leaves, harmal shoots
and seeds (Pegnum harmala) and lemon grass roots (Cymbopogon citrates)
against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. were tested to determine their
insecticidal properties. The results revealed that all of the tested
materials with some variations had repellent and lethal effects against
the pest as compared with the untreated check. Considering the %
mortality of the insect as a main index, bakain drupes proved to be the
most effective of these six plant materials, showed 61.2 % mortality,
followed by habulas (48.40%), mint (47.40%) and bakain leaves (46.80%),
while harmal (16.80%) was found less effective followed by lemon grass
(35.20%). |
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Title: |
Estimation of
heterosis for some important traits in mustard (brassica juncea l.)
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Author (s): |
Naushad Ali Turi,
Raziuddin, S. Salim Shah and Sardar Ali |
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Abstract: |
For the estimation of
mid-parent and better-parent heterosis in Brassica juncea L.
genotypes an experiment was conducted at NWFP Agricultural University,
Peshawar during 2004-05 and 2005-06 using 8 x 8 full diallel. All the 56
F1 hybrids and their parents were planted in a randomized complete block
design with two replications. Out of 56 hybrids, negative mid-parent and
better-parent heterosis were estimated in 15 and 10 hybrids for days to
50% emergence, in 20 and 11 hybrids for days to 50% flowering, in 34 and
49 crosses for days to physiological maturity and in 37 and 34 crosses
for plant height, respectively whereas positive heterosis were estimated
in 12 and 10 crosses for number of primary branches plant-1. However,
significant negative mid-parent and better-parent heterosis were
recorded in 5 and 4 hybrids for days to 50% emergence, in 05 and 03 for
days to 50% flowering, in 10 and 8 for days to physiological maturity,
in 7 and 36 for plant height while significantly positive heterosis was
recorded in 27 and 4 crosses for number of primary branches plant-1
respectively. Better-parent heterosis reduced to 27% for emergence,
3.85% for flowering, 4.08% for maturity and 22.63% for plant height
whereas it reached to 44% for branches plant-1. Among parents, NUM103,
NUM113, NUM123 and NUM117 proved to be superior when used as parents in
most of the hybrid combinations. Hybrids NUM9xNUM113, NUM103xNUM113,
NUM123xNUM117, NUM123x NUM113 and NUM123xNUM124 were best for different
characters and their further utilization in breeding programs is
suggested. |
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Title: |
Sero-surveillance of
Hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and buffaloes in district Malakand,
NWFP |
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Author (s): |
Asadullah Khan, Umar
Saddique, Riaz Ahmad, Hamayun Khan, Younas Mohammad and Mohammad Zubair |
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Abstract: |
The present study
showed the Sero-surveillance of Hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and
buffaloes in district Malakand, NWFP, Pakistan. The average geometric
mean titre (GMT) was recorded against hemorrhagic septicemia in
buffaloes in the range of 4.12 to 46.98, while those in cattle were
recorded in the range of 4.45 to 46.40. In young buffalo calves,
incidence rate, mortality rate and morbidity rate was observed as
22.25%, 21.19% and 95.25%, respectively. In adult buffaloes, morbidity,
mortality and case fatality rates were 5.49%, 1.65% and 30%,
respectively. In case of young cattle calves, morbidity, mortality and
case fatality rates were recorded as 3.94%, 1.77% and 45%, respectively.
While in case of adult cattle, morbidity, mortality and case fatality
rates were recorded as 2.51%, 0.39% and 15.79%, respectively. During
present investigation the incidence rate, mortality and case fatality
due to Hemorrhagic septicemia was found greater in the young calves as
compared to the adult in both buffaloes and cattle. |
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Title: |
Effects of short term
credit advanced by ZTBL for enhancement of crop productivity and income
of growers |
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Author (s): |
Mohammad Fayaz, Dawood
Jan, Abbas Ullah Jan and Badshah Hussain |
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Abstract: |
The present study was
conducted to examine the utilization and effects of short-term credit
from Zarai Taraqiati Bank Ltd. (ZTBL) at tehsil Kabal area of district
Swat in August 2003. Eighty respondents were selected in which forty
were the beneficiaries of ZTBL and the remaining forty were the
non-beneficiaries selected from the same area. Paired sample t-test was
used to compare the production and income of the beneficiaries without
credit and with credit. Independent sample t-test was used to compare
the production and income of beneficiaries with non-beneficiaries. On
overall basis beneficiaries’ farmer utilized 78.84% of the amount of
credit for the purpose it was received. While the remaining amount i.e.
21.15% was miss-utilized. Per acre production of beneficiaries with
credit for tomato, wheat, maize and onion were 170.4 maunds (1 maund
equal to 50kg), 24.6 maunds, 39.4 maunds and 152.4 maunds, respectively.
In case of beneficiaries without credit it was 139.6 maunds, 18.93
maunds, 30.3 maunds and 130.7 maunds, respectively on per acre basis.
While in case of non-beneficiaries it was 144.5 mounds, 19.25 maunds,
32.2 maunds and 135.3 maunds, respectively on per acre basis. Net return
of beneficiaries with credit for tomato, wheat, maize and onion was
Rs.17410.9, Rs. 3908.67, Rs. 7695.75, and Rs. 16450.5, respectively on
per acre basis. While beneficiaries without credit it was Rs. 11863.21,
Rs. 2195.54, Rs. 5981.17, and Rs. 10968.9, respectively on per acre
basis. In case of non-beneficiaries it was Rs. 13616.85, Rs. 2830.15,
Rs. 6600.88, and Rs. 13465, respectively on per acre basis. |
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Title: |
Insect pests of canola
crop (other than aphid) |
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Author (s): |
Saljoqi, A. U. R.,
Sadur-Rehman, Naseer Hussain and Shah Alam Khan |
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Abstract: |
The insect on canola
crop comprises of aphids, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. (Aphididae: Homoptera),
cabbage caterpillar, Pieris brassicae (Linn) (Pieridae: Lepidoptera) and
leafminer, Chromatomyia horticola Goureau (Agromyzidae: Diptera) as
major pests, while painted bug, Bagrada cruciferarum Kirk. (Pentatomidae:
Hemiptera) and cabbage semilooper, Plusia orichalcea Fab. (Noctuidae:
Lepidoptera) as minor pests, were recorded at the Agricultural Research
Farm, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar. |
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Title: |
Berseem (trifolium
alexandrinum l) and Shaftal (t resupinatum l) after various cuts,
biomass incorporation at final harvest supplement with nitrogen, impact
on the tasseling and silking coincidenceness, days differences from
tasseling to silking and grain fill duration of maize |
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Author (s): |
Habib Akbar, Mohammad
Tariq Jan, Amanullah Jan, Zahir Shah, Muhammad Idrees |
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Abstract: |
Two years average
results indicated that maximum gap of six days were observed from
tasseling to silking. After zero, single and two cuts showed
coincidenceness for cob silks and tassel pollen, phenological
developments. Maximum grain filling of 43 days were recorded from
fallow, shaftal after three cuts and berseem without cut as well.
Interactive effect of legumes cutting and N affected grain filling
duration. Days gaps between tasselings and silking were lessened for
maximum grain fill days. Coincidenceness of inflorescences, tasseling
and silking has left beneficial impact on later yield components. The
conclusions drawn from the entire research were, as Coincidence and less
days differences between tasselling and silking increased grain fill
duration, fertilized competent ovules in maize. Organic, unpredicted to
be mineralized at need stage and inorganic readily usable form,
application both are equally essential under uncertainties for
phenological coincidenceness. |
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Title: |
Response of wheat to
foliar application of nutrients |
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Author (s): |
Muhammad Arif, Muhammad
Aslam Chohan, Sajid Ali, Rozina Gul and Sajjad Khan |
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Abstract: |
Foliar application can
guarantee the availability of nutrients to crops for obtaining higher
yield. To study the response of wheat to foliar application of
nutrients, an experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Farm of
NWFP Agricultural University Peshawar during winter 2005-06. The
treatments consist of control (water spray), spray at tillering (single
spray) and/or spray at jointing (two sprays) and/or spray at boot stage
(three sprays). Significant increase was recorded in number of spikes m-2,
grains spike-1, thousand grain weight, biological yield and
grain yield with foliar application of nutrients. Three foliar
applications of nutrients resulted in maximum number of spikes m-2,
grains spike-1, thousand grains weight and biological yield.
Maximum grain yield was recorded for two foliar sprays which was
statistically similar to that of three foliar sprays. It was concluded
that three foliar sprays of nutrient solution at tillering, jointing and
boot stages along with half of the recommended doses of N and P helped
in enhancing yield and yield components of wheat. |
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