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Title: |
Response of chilli varieties
to various sources of organic fertilizers |
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Author (s): |
Hazrat Bilal, Faiza Aman,
Azmat Ali Awan, Izhar Ullah, Saddam Ullah, Sajid Khan,
Muhammad Ammir and Muhammad Abbas Khan |
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Abstract: |
Sustainable Agriculture is
emphasizing on use of organic fertilizer for enhancing the
growth, yield as well as quality of vegetables. Organic
fertilizers are responding differently towards various
vegetable crops and depicting variant levels of growing and
developmental influence. An experimental study was evaluated
to study the response of various Chilli varieties to
different sources of Organic fertilizers using Randomized
Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement
having three replications. The treatments consisted of
organic fertilizers (Vermicompost, Poultry manure, Cow Dung
manure, Goat manure and Sheep manure) and chilli varieties
(P-6, Pusa Jawala and Green Star). The experiment results
revealed that application of organic fertilizer and
varieties significantly enhanced vegetative growth and yield
of chilli plant. Application of vermicompost to the soil
considerably decreased days to first flowering (33.8 days),
while significantly increased plant height (90.7 cm), number
of branches plant-1(26.2), stem diameter (2.51 cm), number
of fruits plant-1(85.7), single fruit weight (5.6 g), fruit
length (7.3 cm) and yield (22.4 tons ha-1). Among different
varieties, variety Pusa Jawala took minimum days to first
flowering (34.7 days), while showed maximum plant height
(88.1 cm), number of branches plant-1 (23.8), stem diameter
(2.34 cm), number of fruit plant-1 (84.6), single fruit
weight (5.0 g), fruit length (7.1 cm) and yield (20.1 tons
ha-1). From the experimental results, it was concluded that
addition of vermicompost @ 3 tons ha-1 significantly
improved vegetative as well as the reproductive growth of
Pusa Jawala in the prevailing agro-climatic conditions of
Peshawar valley. |
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Title: |
Allelopathic effects of
popolar leaf extracts on wheat: Seasonal influence on the
allelopathic potentials of leaves |
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Author (s): |
Naila Inayat, Zahir Muhammad,
Rasool Khan, Saiful Islam, Rehmanullah and Abdul Majeed |
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Abstract: |
In the present study, leaf
extracts of popolar (Popolus nigra) obtained in aqueous
medium were tested in the laboratory conditions against four
wheat varieties (Ghaznavi, Siran, Atta Habib and Janbaz) and
were found inhibitory to the growth of these plants.
Specific focus was given to the effects of allelopathic
activity and allelopathic substances in leaves which were
collected in different seasons (March, July and November).
Results demonstrated that all extracts of leaves collected
during March, July and November inhibited the root and shoot
growth of Ghaznavi, Siran, Atta Habib and Janbaz in a
concentration-dependent manner. However, the inhibitory
activity of leaves collected in March was greater than those
collected in July and November. The results conclude that
popolar leaves collected during March possess greater
allelopathic activity than those collected in July and
November. It is possible that P. nigra could be useful for a
weed suppressive residue in the variety of agricultural
settings to develop sustainable agriculture options. The
effectiveness of P. nigra of March as a suppressive agent
may be greater than that of July. |
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Title: |
Isolation and characteristics
of endophytic bacteria from palm oil (elaeis guineensis l.)
root on growth of sweet corn (zea mays saccharata sturt) |
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Author (s): |
E. Afrida, Nurhayati, M. Lubis
and T. A. Gani |
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Abstract: |
Sweet corn (Zea mays
saccharata Sturt) is one of the crops that demanded by
Indonesian people. The demand for sweet corn in Indonesia
has increased along with the increasing population and the
need for sweet corn to be consumed directly. Production of
sweet corn in Indonesia has decreased from year to year. In
2012, sweet corn production was 19.3 million tons, while in
2013 it was 18.5 million tons. To overcome this condition,
there is an effort to replace the role of inorganic
fertilizer as a nutrient supplier for plants. Endophytic
bacteria is one of biological fertilizers, that is living
microbes given to the soil as inoculants to help plants
provide certain nutrients. This study use Non Factorial
Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments. The results
showed the presence of endophytic bacteria in palm oil
roots. Endophytic bacteria that were successfully isolated
showed diversity based on morphology, namely 5 different
isolates. These five endophytic bacteria showed no
significant effect on the growth of corn. |
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