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ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

Agricultural equipment for farming on terrace, narrowing, and hard-to-reach land: A review

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Author Farid Rizayana, Reza Hermawan, S. Sugiharto, J. Jamari and Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno
e-ISSN 1819-6608
On Pages 1489-1500
Volume No. 20
Issue No. 17
Issue Date December 15, 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.59018/0925169
Keywords smallholder farmers, agricultural mechanization, rural technology access, sustainable farming practices, agricultural innovation.


Abstract

The productivity of agricultural land in hilly and mountainous regions requires significant improvement, as many farmers in Asia, Africa, and America still lack access to appropriate agricultural technologies to enhance crop yields. Farmers in these regions encounter challenges, including soil erosion, restricted access to fertile land, and inadequate agricultural mechanization. This study reviews various agricultural tools and machinery, including mini tillers, portable cultivators, and multifunctional weeding machines, specifically designed for use on terraced, narrow, and hard-to-reach lands. The key findings suggest that lightweight, mobile, and multifunctional equipment, such as the portable mini cultivator and handheld weeding machine, are effective in addressing these challenges by increasing farming efficiency and reducing labor intensity. The study emphasizes the need for further development and dissemination of such equipment to improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in developing countries, with a particular focus on Indonesia. This review aims to inform global scholars and policymakers, highlighting the importance of supporting fragile agro-ecosystems in developing nations.

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