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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences
January 2016 | Vol. 11 No. 2 |
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Title: |
Predicting temperature profile and temperature history for varied
parameters of a welding process using Rosenthal’s approach for
semi-infinite solid |
Author (s): |
Djarot B. Darmadi. |
Abstract: |
Temperature profile and history can be used to characterize a welding
process. This paper applied Rosenthal’s thermal solution of a moving
heat source over infinite
solid to grab ideas how parameters involved in the welding process
affect temperature profile and temperature history of selected nodes.
Based on parametric study, it
can be concluded that higher thermal conductivity caused shallow
penetration since the embedded heat tend to spread out to the cooler
region. To obtain equal
penetration the power should be increased, but this caused the faster
cooling rate. Increasing the welding speed has equal influence with
elevating the specific heat
that causes narrower isothermal lines although their length
insignificantly altered. |
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Title: |
Extraction of essential oils from patchouli plant using advanced
techniques of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation |
Author (s): |
Nurkholis Hamidi |
Abstract: |
Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation (MAHD) is an advanced technique for
extraction process, in which microwave heating process is used. MAHD and
hydrodistillation
(HD) methods have been studied and the results were compared for their
effectiveness in the extraction of essential oils from patchouli leaves.
In present study the
MAHD methods was operated with some levels of electrical power. The
results showed that MAHD methods can reduce the extraction time and
increase the yield. MAHD was
also found to be a green technology since it required less energy than
HD. The energy consumption of HD is 30% higher than MAHD. The results
also indicated that power
levels of MAHD have significant effect on ultimate extraction yield and
time consumption. The higher power of MAHD can obtained higher ultimate
yield. |
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Title: |
The utilization of paraffin and beeswax as heat energy storage in infant
incubator |
Author (s): |
Sekar Sinaringati, Nandy Putra, Muhammad Amin and Fitri Afriyanti |
Abstract: |
Electrical energy is generally used for heat source on infant incubator.
The infant incubator operation is dependent on electrical energy. Infant
incubator is primary
required by hospital patients particularly for the mother who just
giving birth the premature infant. When electrical energy is shutdown,
the infant incubator cannot
operate to fulfill that need. The solution is by creating new technology
to look for material, which is capable to keep the heat energy to warm
the infant body if
there is no electrical source. Paraffin and beeswax are phase change
materials (PCMs) that are able to give heat energy to warm up infant
incubator. Paraffin and
beeswax have high latent heat to keep and release the heat at constant
temperature. This study was focused on the utilization of the comparison
of paraffin and beeswax
materials as the sources of heat energy on infant incubator. The results
showed that the PCMs can maintain heat energy at the temperature above
32°C for more than 8
hours in the infant incubator room. However, it was observed that
beeswax performed better in heat energy storage than paraffin. This
study suggests the utilization of
beeswax as the PCM for infant incubator, and possibly for any other
practical application. |
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Title: |
Numerical
investigation on ejector as an expansion device using R290 in
residential air conditioner for various cooling capacity |
Author (s): |
ARIES Prih Haryono,
KASNI Sumeru, AZHAR Abdul Aziz and HENRY Nasution |
Abstract: |
Typically, the residential air conditioner uses capillary tube as an
expansion device. The friction between refrigerant flow and pipe wall,
and also the changing of the velocity along capillary tube cause energy
loss during expansion. The pressure drop from the condenser to the
evaporator caused by capillary tube is considered isenthalpic process.
An ejector as an expansion device can be used to recover energy loss
during expansion process. Many researchers reported that the use of an
ejector as an expansion device in vapor compression refrigeration cycle
(VCRC) may lead to increase in the system performance. In this study,
the numerical investigations were carried out on the residential air
conditioners using the VCRC for various cooling capacity with R290 as
working fluid. At present, the working fluid of R22 is widely used as
refrigerant in residential air conditioners. Because R22 has a high
global warming potential (GWP), as a result it must be phased out in the
near future. Researchers recommended R290 (propane) as a substitute
refrigerant for R22. As a natural refrigerant, R290 is abundant and
relatively cheaper than that of R22. In addition, many studies reported
that retrofit from R22 to R290 in air conditioner may result increase in
coefficient of performance (COP). As a result, this study investigates
the use of R290 for replacing R22 in residential air conditioner for
various cooling capacity, viz. 2.5, 3.8 and 5.0 kW or the compressor
capacity of 1, 1.5 and 2 HP. Three equations, i.e., conservation
equations of mass, momentum and energy were applied to determine
physical properties on each section of the ejector and the performances
of the air conditioners. The main geometrics parameter of an ejector is
area ratio (AR), which is defined as the ratio between the
cross-sectional areas of mixing chamber and motive nozzle. The results
showed that the diameter of motive nozzle is constant with the increase
in ambient temperature, whereas the mixing chamber diameter slightly
increases with the increase in ambient temperature. Meanwhile, the area
ratio of ejector decreases with the increase in compressor capacity. In
addition, the COP improvements of air conditioners are 4.94, 12.24 and
20.28% for ambient temperature of 30, 35 and 40oC, respectively. |
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Title: |
Experimental study of
thermal efficiency on plate-fin solar thermal collector |
Author (s): |
Tri Ayodha Ajiwiguna,
Tesla Hamonangan and Muhammad Ramdlan Kirom |
Abstract: |
Plate-fin solar thermal collector with the dimension of plate 40 x 80 cm
and 13 fins is constructed and its performance is investigated. Ambient
air is forced to flow through the solar collector by using fans. The
measurements of incident solar radiation, input air temperature, output
air temperature, and velocity of air flow are conducted simultaneously.
Data from measurements are used to calculate heat absorbed by air flow
and the efficiency of solar collector system. The results show that the
increasing of air temperature is 14.3 oC, averaged heat power absorbed
is 102.1 W, and the thermal efficiency is 49%. |
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Title: |
Numerical simulation
of cross-flow around four circular cylinders in-line square
configuration near a plane wall |
Author (s): |
A. Grummy Wailanduw,
Triyogi Yuwono and Wawan Aries Widodo |
Abstract: |
Flow
cross around circular cylinders arrangement could be found in many
engineering application, such as reaction tower, cooling tower, shell
and tube heat exchangers, and tube banks. When flow crosses the bodies,
it would form particular flow pattern according to the body’s
arrangements. Author [19], investigated a four circular cylinders
arrangement near wall with spacing ratio (L/D) = 1.5 and gap ratio (G/D)
of 0.2. They found that interaction between cylinders and wall caused a
difference stagnation point in upstream cylinders and shear layer of
upstream cylinders reattach in downstream cylinders. In this research,
it would be investigated numerically flow characteristics on four
circular cylinders in in-line square configuration near a plane wall. A
gap ratio between the surface of lower cylinders and the wall (G/D)
would be varied. It is set at G/D= 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0, while spacing
ratio between centre of cylinders (L/D) was fixed at 4.0. To analyze
flow characteristics around cylinders is used FLUENT 6.3.26 software.
Two-dimensional Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations and
SST k-? turbulence equations are solved with finite volume method. This
simulation was performed at Reynolds number 53000 based on a single
circular cylinder diameter. The numerical results show that an
increasing of gap ratio cause of stagnation point of the upstream
cylinder of lower row move to front of cylinder, while the upstream
cylinder of upper row tends to not change. At the gap ratio G/D= 0.1 and
G/D= 0.3, shear layer of the upstream cylinder of lower row cover the
downstream cylinder of lower row, while a different phenomenon occur in
the downstream cylinder of upper row. Shear layer of the upstream
cylinder of upper row reattach on surface of the downstream cylinder of
upper row. |
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Title: |
A comparison process
of 3D model quality using 3D laser scanning triangulation method |
Author (s): |
Sally Cahyati, Mark
Budiman and Fadhli Umar Lubis |
Abstract: |
The
quality of the 3D model scanning results are determined based on the
percentage of similarity in both geometry and dimensions of the model to
the real product, as well as models surface smoothness. The 3D models of
scanning results are strongly influenced by the methods and devices
which are used in the scanning process. Triangulation method is used in
this study to determine whether the camera of a mobile phone can replace
the web camera which is used as input devices in a 3D laser scanner.
Next, it will be seen whether the quality of the scanning can meet the
specified accuracy requirements, Three types of mobile phone cameras
with the same specifications will be tested and seen their validity.
Every smart phones have a surface refinement optimal level and a good DSP
(Dimension Deviation Percentage) of 3D Models in the scanning distance
(z) is ± 250 (mm). In This position the ratio percentage of 3D model has
the closest geometry to the original product. |
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Title: |
Bottom shear stress
and bed load sediment transport due to irregular wave motion |
Author (s): |
Suntoyo, A Harris
Fattah, Muhammad Yunan Fahmi, Taufiqur Rachman and Hitoshi Tanaka |
Abstract: |
Waves
in ocean are generally irregular and have a random shape with variation
in orbital velocity, wave height and period. The accuracy of sediment
transport model is the most important stage to model the coastal
morphological change. In addition, the coastal morphological change
model is more efficient to use the bottom shear stress calculation
approach for practical purposes rather than a more complex approach to
the modeling of two phases. In this paper, the calculation method of
sediment transport based on the bottom shear stress purposed with data
validation from the experimental results in the turbulent bottom
boundary layer over rough bed under irregular waves. The new approach to
estimate the bottom shear stress was based on combining velocity and
acceleration terms as formulated was modified to be proposed to
calculate the bottom shear stress under irregular wave motion.
Furthermore, a new approach of the bottom shear stress was applied to
model the bed load sediment transport rate for irregular waves by using
the experimental data as validated model. Measurement of water surface
elevation and bed load sediment transport rate under irregular wave
motion was carried out in wave flume tank generated by Jonswap spectrum
in variation of wave height and period. Moreover, the new method gave
the smallest the RMSE value indicating that the new method has the best
agreement with the bottom shear stress and bed load sediment transport
of experimental results. |
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Title: |
Design concept of
small long-life PWR using square and hexagonal thorium fuel |
Author (s): |
M. NURUL Subkhi, ZAKI
Su’ud, ABDUL Waris and SIDIK Permana |
Abstract: |
Long
life reactor is a nuclear power plant which can be operated 10-30 years
of operation without the need for refueling. Such Nuclear Power Plant is
very good to supply electricity in remote area in Indonesia and in
general outside Java Bali Area. Here, a Design study of small long-life
Pressurized Water Reactor using thorium cycle has been performed with
fuel fraction 60%. The neutronic calculations were performed by PIJ SRAC
code using nuclear data library based on JENDL 4.0, while the core burn
up calculations were optimized in whole X-Y-Z geometry by COREBN. The
strategy is by the reduction of moderator by adopting tight lattice
model based on hexagonal geometry cell and by the use of Pa-231 as
burnable poisson material which give good long life core during burnup
time. The optimization of 350 Mwt small long life PWR based on thorium
nitride fuel system has excess reactivity as low as about 1% dk/k and
flatted power distribution during its operation. |
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Title: |
An improved
load-displacement prediction for a coned disc spring using the energy
method |
Author (s): |
Noor Fawazi and Jung-Youn
Lee |
Abstract: |
An
improved computation of the load-displacement prediction for a coned
disc spring is proposed. This work is an extension work of the previous
proposed energy-based computation for coned disc springs. To show the
validity of the improved method, the load-displacement results using the
improved computation, the previous proposed method, and the finite
element analyses are compared. In this work, the improved computation
and the finite element analyses have accounted for the radial deflection
of the disc spring in the form of energy method. This is different in
the previous work where the radial deflection of the disc spring was
ignored and the comparison to the finite element analyses without
accounting the radial deflection is not practical. The present work
makes the comparison to the finite element analyses to be more
reasonable and more practical. |
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Title: |
An improved energy
based load-displacement prediction for slotted disc spring |
Author (s): |
Noor Fawazi and Jung-Youn
Lee |
Abstract: |
An
improved calculation of the load-displacement prediction for a slotted
disc spring is proposed. There are two types of slotted disc spring; a
straight slotted disc spring and a bended slotted disc spring. By
considering these two types of slotted disc spring, this work attempts
to extend the previous work on load-displacement prediction for the
slotted disc spring using the energy method. To show the validity of the
improved method, the load-displacement results using the improved
computation, the previous proposed method, and the finite element
analyses are compared. In this work, the improved computation and the
finite element analyses have accounted for the radial deflection of the
disc spring which is different in the previous work. The radial
deflection of the disc spring was ignored in the previous work and the
comparison to the finite element analyses without accounting the radial
deflection is not practical. The present work is compared to the finite
element analyses which make the comparison to be more reasonable and
more practical. |
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Title: |
Numerical study of
flow characteristics around an I-type cylinder 53° near a plane wall |
Author (s): |
Tri Yogi Yuwono,
Ahmad Tohir and Purwanto |
Abstract: |
The
flow characteristics around an I-type cylinder with cutting angle 53°
located near a plane wall was investigated numerically in a uniform flow
at a Reynolds Number of 5.3 x 104, based on a circular cylinder diameter
(D). The pressure distributions along the surface of the cylinder and
the plane wall were simulate by varying the gap-to-diameter of cylinder
ratio (G/D) in the range of 0.1 < G/D < 0.3, using FLUENT 6.2 software.
The 2D U-RANS numerical simulation with k-? SST as viscous model was
used to visualize the flow phenomena occurred around the cylinders. The
results show the existence of the bubble separation in the lower side of
cylinder for the gap ratio G/D of 0.1 to 0.3. It was practically
confirmed by the experimental results by measuring the pressure
distribution around the cylinder and along the surface of plan wall. |
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Title: |
Effect of carbon
coating on electrochemical performances of LiTi2(PO4)3 as anode for
aqueous electrolyte lithium ion battery |
Author (s): |
Lukman Noerochim,
Zeddy Argasani and Diah Susanti |
Abstract: |
One
of the renewable energy storage systems that are widely used today is
the rechargeable lithium-ion battery. There are four main components in
the rechargeable lithium-ion battery, one of which is anode. In this
research, LiTi2(PO4)3 with nasicon-type crystal structure is introduced
as a candidate for anode material for aqueous electrolyte lithium ion
battery. Conductive coating process is applied to improve the
conductivity of LiTi2(PO4)3 by heating sucrose at 600°C for 3 hrs in an
argon gas to form carbon-coated LiTi2(PO4)3 (LiTi2(PO4)3/C). The content
of carbon in LiTi2(PO4)3/C is measured as much as 8%, 13%, and 17.2% wt.
CV results show that the addition of carbon can improve the stability,
electronic conductivity, and specific capacity LiTi2(PO4)3. In the
charge-discharge results, LiTi2(PO4)3 with 8% of carbon enhance the
intercalation lithium ion with the highest charge capacity of 45.9 mAh/g
after 100 cyclic. Based on all the results, LiTi2(PO4)3 could be the
potential candidate as anode for aqueous electrolyte lithium ion
batteries. |
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Title: |
The variety of
furniture arrangement inside apartment unit around Jabodetabek area to
improve COPc |
Author (s): |
Bambang Iskandriawan |
Abstract: |
An
exploration of wall split air conditioning (AC) unit working in some
apartments around Jabodetabek is conveyed based on the variety of
furniture layout. The type of furniture arrangement of the apartments is
exclusively developed to investigate their influence to the cooling
coefficient of performance (COPc). The study was focused on the
establishment of the flow pattern uniqueness depend of the furniture
arrangement. Using computational fluid dynamics tool, several variables
were exploited such as apartment location and furniture layout. It is
obtained specific air flow pattern since every single room within
operated wall split AC unit which is control the COPc degrees. There are
five furniture layout designs for every city therefore it is obtained
twenty-five different airflow patterns which is influence the
performance of AC unit. It is concluded the best furniture arrangement
for all city where it could be operated within the lowest energy
consumption of air conditioning. The effort to reduce the electricity
energy consumption of air conditioning operation in the building
industry is in line to the Indonesia government policy. The selection of
furniture arrangement which is the best COPc is the one method to
realise the energy saving program. Besides the number of Indonesia
apartment building is very excessive particularly in the big
metropolises such as in Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang
and Bekasi) area. |
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Title: |
Feasibility analysis
of Grid/Wind/PV hybrid systems for industrial application |
Author (s): |
Wayan G. Santika, Sudirman and I. Nyoman
Suamir |
Abstract: |
The
present study offers technical and economical analyses of grid-connected
hybrid power systems for a large scale production industry located in
Bali. The peak load of observed system can reach 970.630 kW consuming on
average 16 MWh of electricity a day. Software HOMER was utilized as the
optimization tool. The proposed hybrid renewable energy systems consist
of wind turbines, a PV system, a converter, and batteries. The system is
connected to the grid. Optimization results show that the best
configuration is the Grid/Wind hybrid system with the predicted net
present cost of -884,896 USD. The negative sign indicates that revenues
(mostly from selling power to the grid) exceed costs. The levelized cost
of electricity of the system is predicted to be -0.013 USD/kWh. The
present study also conducts sensitivity analysis of some scenarios i.e.
50% and 100% increases in grid electricity prices, 50% reduction of PV
and WECS prices, and 10 USD and 50 USD carbon taxes per ton CO2
emission. Implications of the findings are discussed. |
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Title: |
Effect of temperature
and time of two-step austempering method on mechanical properties for
nodular cast iron |
Author (s): |
Andoko and Poppy Puspitasari |
Abstract: |
This
research attempts to investigate the mechanical properties of nodular
cast iron using new heat treatment technique. Novel two-step
austempering technique was executed to obtain better mechanical
properties for nodular cast iron. The results from this method were then
compared to a conventional heat treatment, namely single-step
austempering method. Single-step and two-step austempering methods were
done at 900 °C of austenitic temperature for 60 minutes. For two-step
austempering method, the second step started at 260
°C for 10 minutes
increased gradually at 280, 310, and 340
°C for 60 minutes. The
mechanical properties of nodular cast iron increased significantly using
two-step austempering method compared to the conventional and
single-step austempering methods. The highest tensile strength was
obtained using two-step austempering method at 340
°C for 60 minutes
followed by 310 °C and 280
°C. On the contrary, the toughness of nodular
cast iron decreased at 340
°C. |
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Title: |
Improving the
injection molding of small optical elements by integrating reverse
engineering and mold flow analysis |
Author (s): |
Jiing-Yih Lai, Yao-Yu Wen and Chin-Hao Liu |
Abstract: |
Small
optical lenses are usually manufactured by injection molding. The high
quality requirement on injection lenses, however, requires a precise
control of the mold accuracy as well as the injection process. The
purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive error study of the
injection molding for optical elements by combining the techniques of
reverse engineering and mold flow analysis. Reverse engineering is
employed to identify the source of errors, and hence provide guidelines
for the modification of the mold; Mold flow analysis is employed to
construct a parametric study of the injection process, and hence improve
the quality of injection parts. Real molds are designed and
manufactured, and injection molding is implemented to verify the
feasibility of the simulation. The advantages of the proposed method by
integrating reverse engineering and mold flow analysis for improving the
injection process are discussed too. |
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Title: |
Analysis of the
influence of hydraulic cylinder diameter to the total damping force and
the generated electricity of regenerative shock absorber |
Author (s): |
Harus Laksana Guntur |
Abstract: |
This
paper deals with analysis on the influence of hydraulic cylinder
diameter and oil viscosity to the total damping force and the
regenerated electric power of hydro-magneto-electric-regenerative shock
absorber (HMERSA). HMERSA is aimed to convert the vibration energy
losses from the vehicle suspension into electricity. As HMERSA consists
of mechanical and electrical system, the total damping force
characteristics and the regenerated electric power will be influenced by
its mechanical and electrical damper characteristics. In HMERSA, the
mechanical damper depends on the design of the hydraulic cylinder
diameter, oil viscosity and the existing head loss, while the
electrical damper is affected by the electric generator characteristics
and battery state of charge. In this study, a previously developed
prototype of HMERSA was mathematically modelled, simulated and analyzed.
The influence of hydraulic cylinder-tube diameter ratio (3.2, 4, 5) to
the total damping force and the regenerated electric power of HMERSA
were simulated. The results are presented, analyzed and discussed in
this paper. |
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Title: |
Analysis of wave
climate variations based on ERA-Interim reanalysis data from 1980 to
2014 to support wave energy assessment in Indonesia |
Author (s): |
Muhammad Zikra, Putika Ashfar and Mukhtasor |
Abstract: |
In
this study, temporal variation in significant wave height are studied
using ERA-Interim reanalysis data from ECMWF (European Centre for
Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) for 35 years period from 1980-2014 to
support energy assessment in Indonesia Sea. The ERA-Interim reanalysis
data provides wind speed and wave height data with resolution of 0,750 x
0,750. This paper studied monthly variation in significant wave height
and wind speed by creating monthly data and taking the mean of those
months over a period 35 years. A statistical analysis of wave and wind
time series data has been performed to test the significance of trend
during 35 years period. Mann-Kendall test is used to evaluate the trend
of time series data in terms of mean value. The results show that
temporal variations in wave height have an associated pattern with
monsoonal wind cycle. In addition, the mean significant wave height in
the South of Java Sea show statistically significant increasing trend
for all months. The result indicated that the wave energy have the
potentiality to contribute in the Indonesian energy demand. |
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Title: |
Investigations of the
mixed mode crack growth behavior of an aluminum alloy |
Author (s): |
Husaini, Kikuo KISHIMOTO, Munetsugu HANJI
and Mitsuo NOTOMI |
Abstract: |
Fracture behavior of aluminum alloys under mixed mode (Mode I+II)
loading was studied. Fracture tests were carried out on A2024-T351
aluminum. Compact-tension-shear specimen was employed and angle between
loading axis and the crack surface was varied from 90°(mode I) to
0°(mode II). The crack extension (crack initiation and propagation)
behaviors observed by a video microscope. Under a load with relatively
high mode II components, the shear type crack initiation preceded the
opening type crack propagation. Final fracture was occurred by shearing
instability in the pure mode II loading. The critical values of stress
intensity factors at crack initiation under mode II dominant conditions
become smaller than those predicted by the maximum hoop stress
criterion. Shear type fracture instability occurs at the ligament when
the shear stress is over the shear strength of the material. It was also
found that the rolling direction and a small holes existing ahead of the
crack-tip influence the crack extension behavior. |
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Title: |
Effects of citric
acid/BaTiO3 weight fractions and time of sintering in sol gel process on
electric saturation polarization values and phase composition |
Author (s): |
Dwita Suastiyanti and Marlin Wijaya |
Abstract: |
The
excellent dielectric and ferroelectric properties of barium titante
(BaTiO3/BTO) make it attractive material in the field of
electron-ceramic and microelectronics. The aim of this research is to
find optimum process condition of sol-gel method for BTO synthesis by
varying of citric acid/BTO weight fractions and time of sintering. It is
expected to obtain BTO material in nanoparticle, single phase and good
electric properties by this method. It was used barium nitrate, titanium
oxide, nitrate acid, ammonium nitrate as precursors and citric acid
(C6H8O7) as a fuel. The parameters which are varied are weight fraction
of citric acid/BTO = 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 and time of sintering 2 and 4
hours at 700oC respectively. To know the temperature of phase transition
it was used TGA/DTA (Thermo Gravimetric Analysis/Differential Thermal
Analysis) test for BTO gel. Phases formation of material were carried
out using X-Ray-Diffraction (XRD) for BTO powder. It was used Particle
Size Analyzer (PSA) with Beckman Coulter DelsaTM Nano type to know
particle size of BTO powder. “Home made electric instrument by Physics
Department of University of Indonesia” was used to know electric
properties of BTO powder. XRD results confirm that single phase BTO is
obtained on weight fraction of citric acid/BTO =2:1 with time of
sintering 2 hours at 700oC. The process condition produces nanoparticle
BTO with particle size of 45 nm. Measurement with electric hysteresis
loop shows that BTO powder with the process condition has the highest
value of electric saturation polarization, 44.84 µC/cm2 and good loop of
electric hysteresis. |
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Title: |
Design and modeling
fender system for condensate and Sulphuric Acid Jetty at Senoro field,
Central Sulawesi |
Author (s): |
Muhammad Zikra, Kriyo Sambodho, T. Abdul
Manan and Yeyes Mulyadi |
Abstract: |
This
paper describes detailed investigations of the analysis and design of a
proposed fender system for condensate and sulphuric acid jetty at Senoro,
Central Sulawesi. Fender is basically the interface between a vessel and
the berth facility. This medium serves to absorb a certain portion of
the kinetic energy of a vessel without damage to the vessel and the
waterfront structure. Finite elements analysis was performed on a
cell fender system subjected to impact load caused by a vessel
collision. The impact load was converted into equivalent static load.
The selection of the most efficient fender system is based on the
principle on energy absorption of the system to the impact load and
stress analysis deflection. Fender system consist of steel structure
property for fender panel and styrene butadiene rubber property for
fender rubber was designed for Condensate and Sulphuric Acid Jetty with
maximum tensile strength of 16 MPa. |
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Title: |
Synthesis of BiFeO3 nanoparticle and single phase by sol-gel process for multiferroic
material |
Author (s): |
Dwita Suastiyanti and Marlin Wijaya |
Abstract: |
The
magnetoelectric coupling (ME) in multiferroics i.e. BiFeO3 promises
important technological applications in several multifunctional devices
like data storage, spinotronics, sensor, actuator devices etc. BiFeO3
was synthesized using a sol - gel process. The aim of this research is
to find optimum process condition of sol-gel method for BiFeO3 synthesis
by varying of sintering temperature. It is expected to obtain BiFeO3
material in nanoparticle, single phase and shows electric voltage
response if given an external magnetic field. It was used
Bi5O(OH)9.(NO3)4, Fe(NO3)3.9H2O, HNO3, H2O as precursor and citric acid
(C6H8O7) as fuel. It was used 450oC; 500oC and 550oC as sintering
temperature for 10 hours respectively. Phases formation of material were
carried out using X-Ray-Diffraction (XRD) for BiFeO3 powder. It was used
Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) with Beckman Coulter DelsaTM Nano type to
know particle size. “Home made ME instrument by Physics Department of
University of Indonesia” was used to know electric voltage response when
given an external magnetic field to BiFeO3 powder. XRD results confirm
that single phase BiFeO3 is obtained at sintering temperature of 550oC
for 10 hours. The smallest particle size was 65 nm. When BiFeO3 powder
was given an external magnetic field, it shows electric response. This
response shows that the powder has multiferroic characteristic. |
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Title: |
Analysis of effect of
sub cooling performance of vapor compression refrigeration system with
cooling load variation |
Author (s): |
Prayudi and Roswati Nurhasanah |
Abstract: |
One
method to improve the performance of vapor compression refrigeration
system using sub cooling and environmentally friendly refrigerant.
Hydrocarbon refrigerant is one of the environmentally friendly
refrigerants that are proven to improve the performance of vapor
compression system without sub-cooling. To that end, this for study
aimed to analyze the effect is liquid-suction sub cooler and cooling
load on the performance of the vapor compression refrigeration.
Refrigerant R134a and R600a are used, the cooling load variations using
lamps. Sub-cooling heat exchanger mounted between condenser and
expansion. Variations in the mass amount of refrigerant through the
sub-cooling is used the valve. The greater the sub-cooling temperature,
the greater the temperature drop in the evaporator, and the cooling
effect increases, and the cooling effect with refrigerant R600a is
greater than R134a. The increase in compressor work is not affected by
the magnitude of the cooling load, but is influenced by the amount of
capacity sub-cooling. The greater the sub-cooling and cooling load, the
greater the increase in compressor work. Use of sub-cooling effect COP
increase and the increase COP R600a is greater than the COP R134a.
Broadly speaking that R600a can be used as a substitute refrigerant
R134a. |
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Title: |
The effect of Co2
fraction on the flame stability of biogas premixed flame |
Author (s): |
Mega Nur Sasongko and Widya Wijayanti |
Abstract: |
This
study aimed to determine the effect of CO2 on flame structure and
stability of premixed flames biogas using counterflow flame
configuration. In this research, the CO2 fraction in Biogas was varied
from 0% to 50%. The total mass flow of gas flowed from both combustion
nozzle was varied within 6 L / min and 8 L / min. The burning behavior
of biogas counterflow flames were photographed by digital camera.
Besides, the stability limit of counterflow diffusion flame was
characterized by the minimum oxygen concentration at extinction. The
results showed that the CO2 content in the biogas affect the
characteristics of premixed flame, especially the change of a blue flame
to blue flame with lower luminosity when increasing CO2 concentration.
On the other hand, the variation in the oxygen concentration has more
significant effect on the dimension of the premixed flame compared to
the effects of the CO2 content in the biogas. The flash back phenomena
exist in the counterflow premixed flame when the equivalence ratio of
reactant close to 1. It means that the biogas combustion is recommended
to be done in the equivalence ratio close to 1 in order to obtain the
best combustion performance. The results also showed that the highest
concentration of oxygen minimum to keep the biogas premixed flame
remained stable occurred in the percentage of CO2 in the biogas is 30%.
This result could be explained based on the composition of unburned CH4
and CO2 gas in the combustion process. |
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Title: |
The calorific values
of solid and liquid yields consequenced by temperatures of mahogany
pyrolysis |
Author (s): |
Widya Wijayanti, Mega Nur Sasongko and
Purnami |
Abstract: |
Due
to the potential pyrolysis products to be bio- fuels, the pyrolysis
yield products were measured its calorific indicating important-physical
properties of fuel. The study aims to analyze the influence of different
temperatures on the calorific value of pyrolysis by means of
calorimetrical measurement. The biomass feedstock used was mahogany
wood, and then it would be pyrolyzed in the slow pyrolysis experimental
run. The pyrolysis temperatures were conducted from 250?C to 800?C and
the heating rate at each process was 0.44°C/sec. It was accompanied to
proceed for 3 hours. The influence of temperature toward the solid
(char) and liquid (tar) yields were examined by means of a bomb
calorimeter. The result was presented by the potential products of
mahogany wood pyrolysis in the mass and volume changes of char dan tar.
Then, the char and tar were measured its calorific values. The calorific
value of untreated mahogany wood (before pyrolyzed) were around 3700 kal/g,
but the pyrolysis treatment significantly increased its calorific values
in various pyrolysis temperatures. It referred that the calorific values
of solid yields were pointed in the increasing values with the
increasing of pyrolysis temperature, however, the calorific values of
tar inclined up to temperature of 500?C, however, it would decline
because the density of tar become lower. The variance in calorific
values could be attributed to the chemical composition of the mahogany
wood; indeed, it was known a larger amount of carbon percentage.
Furthermore, the percentage of carbon tends to increase in the pyrolysis
wood. |
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Title: |
The dynamic
characteristics of vertical axis wind turbine type H |
Author (s): |
Bambang Arip Dwiyantoro |
Abstract: |
This
paper studied about the dynamic characteristics of vertical axis
wind-turbine type H. From the rotor dynamic viewpoint, vertical axis
wind-turbine (VAWT) has weakness point compared to the horizontal axis
type wind-turbine. The tower has sustained the multiple loads except the
weight loading of the Wind-Turbine’s blades itself. All the rotational
loads were transferred directly to the tower. It follows that several
problems that often occurred are natural frequencies vibration with its
mode shape. The experimental investigation of the vibration, by using
the static bump test and dynamic test, were performed to acquire the
natural frequencies of the wind-turbine system. Furthermore, by using
numerical simulation code ANSYS, the wind-turbine system was simulated
to obtain dynamic response of the wind-turbine system and to identify
the critical parts of the wind-turbine system. The simulations results
show that the critical part of VAWT type H was shown on the tower which
may cause significant dynamic deformation. The natural frequencies and
the structural strength of the H type wind turbine are higher. |
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Title: |
Experimental study of
the influence of quenching and partitioning temperature variation on
retained austenite fraction in AISI 4140 steel |
Author (s): |
Wahyu Wijanarko, Wajan Berata, Sutikno and
Indra Sidharta |
Abstract: |
Quenching partitioning, the recent heat treatment method, offers a way
to enrich carbon in retained austenite at room temperature. This method
consists of 4 steps; austenizing, premier quenching, partitioning, and
secondary quenching. Afterward, specimen was etched and observed under
microscope and x-ray diffraction to obtain microstructure. Retained
austenite fraction affected by premier quenching temperature and
partitioning temperature was examined. Using this experimental data, the
possible forming mechanism was explained and results of mechanical
testing was used to verify the influence of retained austenite on
mechanical properties. |
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Title: |
Performance
improvement using subcooling on freezer with R22 and R290 as refrigerant
for various ambient temperatures |
Author (s): |
CECEP Sunardi, LUGA Martin, KASNI
Sumeru and HENRY Nasution |
Abstract: |
Vapor
compression refrigeration cycle (VCRC) is widely used in freezers. In a
simple cycle of the VCRC, refrigerant in the condenser exit is at liquid
saturated line. If the refrigerant temperature in the condenser exit is
further cooled to the subcooled region results in an increase in the
cooling capacity due to low vapor quality of refrigerant entering the
evaporator. The lower the refrigerant quality entering the evaporator,
the higher the cooling capacity on the evaporator. The increase in the
cooling capacity enhances the freezer performance. Subcooling uses
liquid suction heat exchanger (LSHX) is applied to transfer heat from
the exit of the condenser (liquid line) to the suction of the
compressor. Because the temperature of liquid line is higher than that
of the suction line, heat flows from liquid line to the suction line,
results in the decrease in temperature of the exit of the condenser and
the increase in the suction temperature (superheating). Consequently,
the use of the LSHX is always followed by superheating on the suction of
the compressor. The superheating causes an increase in the input power.
As a result, subcooling using the LSHX is not always followed by the
increase in the coefficient of performance (COP) of the freezer,
depending on the type of refrigerant used. Refrigerant of R22 is widely
used as refrigerant in the freezers. Because R22 has a high global
warming potential (GWP), the near future this refrigerant must be phased
out. Refrigerant of R290 (propane) is recommended as a substitute
refrigerant for R22. The R290 is a natural refrigerant, abundant and
relatively cheaper than that of R22. This paper investigates the use of
LSHX subcooling in freezer with the evaporating temperature of -20oC for
various ambient temperatures, viz., 30, 35 and 40oC using R22 and R290
as working fluids. It is well known that the COP of the freezer
decreases with an increase in the ambient temperature. As a result, the
use of the LSHX subcooler is expected to enhance the COP of the freezer
for the higher ambient temperatures. There are three parameters, viz.,
the cooling capacity, the discharge temperature and COP improvement will
be investigated in the present study. Numerical results showed that the
increase in subcooling and ambient temperature increase the cooling
capacity and COP improvements. In addition, the cooling capacity and COP
improvements of R290 using the subcooling of LSHX were higher than that
of R22 for all ambient temperatures. Also, the increase in degree of
subcooling enhanced the cooling capacity and COP improvements. For R22,
at the ambient temperature above 35°C is not recommended using LSHX
subcooling in freezers, because it will increase the discharge
temperature above 90oC. However, the use of LSHX subcooling is
recommended for all ambient temperatures in freezer using R290, because
the discharge temperature on the freezer is still below 80°C. |
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Title: |
Biomechanical
analysis of spider silk for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction |
Author (s): |
Luis Carlos Ruiz Cárdenas, Olga Ramos
Sandoval and Dario Amaya Hurtado |
Abstract: |
Advances in bioengineering research related to orthopedic surgery, have
focused on the development of biocompatible materials in order to
provide alternative solutions for rebuilding organic tissues of the
human body. In this work, the biomechanical analysis of a tissue built
with spider silk was developed, taking into account the physical and
mechanical properties of this biomaterial and the possible anatomical
movements for the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) for a replacement
analysis of this ligament. As result, is concluded that spider silk can
tolerate tensile, bending and torsion forces, compared with the
mechanical analysis of the ACL, in this way immunological concerns by
the action of body fluids and slow incorporation in the human body could
be avoided. |
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Title: |
Hardware-in-the-loop
simulation and digital control of double inverted pendulum |
Author (s): |
Germán Darío Buitrago Salazar, Darío
Amaya Hurtado and Olga Ramos Sandoval |
Abstract: |
The
popularity that control systems have gained at industrial level, has
triggered the use of new technologies to simulate industrial processes
in laboratories, without having a station with the plant to control.
This paper presents the modeling of an inverted double pendulum and,
subsequent emulation and control using Hardware-In-The-Loop. To being
able to accomplish the previous, first the mathematical model of the
plant was obtained from the method of Euler-Lagrange differential
equations. The model was then discretized with a sampling time of 0.2 s
and programmed into an embedded device. Within a user interface
developed in C#, a discretized LQR controller was programmed acting on
the embedded system, through a serial communication protocol.
Furthermore, this interface monitors the output signals. The obtained
results demonstrate the advantages of using such tools, since a plant
can be controlled in real time, without having it physically made. |
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Title: |
Parametric
optimization of wire electrical discharge machining process on AISI H13
tool steel using weighted principal component analysis (WPCA) and
Taguchi method |
Author (s): |
Nuraini Lusi, Khairul Muzaka and Bobby
Oedy Pramoedyo Soepangkat |
Abstract: |
Wire
Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) plays a significant role in the
manufacturing process for various industries. In the WEDM process, the
objective is always to get improved Material Removal Rate (MRR) along
with achieving better surface quality of machined component. An
Experimental Investigation was conducted to determine the setting
parameters appropriate WEDM process to maximize the material removal
rate, minimize kerf and surface roughness of workpiece material. The
experimental design used is based on orthogonal matrix L18 design. WEDM
process parameters to be determined the setting are the arc on time, on
time, open voltage, off time and servo voltage. The results showed have
shown that the parameters arc on time, on time, open voltage, and off
time have the greatest contribution in reducing the variation of
responses were observed simultaneously. |
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Title: |
Flow and heat
transfer enhancement around staggered tubes using rectangular vortex
generators |
Author (s): |
Prabowo, Melvin Emil S., Nanang R. and
Rizki Anggiansyah |
Abstract: |
Numerical analysis was carried out to study the flow and heat transfer
characteristics around staggered tubes with rectangular vortex
generators (VGs) mounted behind the tubes. The effect of location VGs in
different span angle from stagnation point (Ф
=1200, 1350 and 1400) were
investigated in detail while the Reynolds number based on diameter tube
was kept constant at ReD=2959. The numerical results are also analyzed
from the correlation between the contour velocity and temperature
gradients which is a basic mechanism of heat transfer. The results
indicated that the rectangular VGs is able to improve the convection
heat transfer on the rear part of upstream tube and forepart of
downstream tube. The average Nu was shown to increase by 8%-78% and it
is found that the location VGs on
Ф
=1200 provides the best heat transfer
augmentation. |
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Title: |
Experimental study of
heat transfer characteristics of solar water heater collector with
addition wavy fins on pipe |
Author (s): |
Masykur and Bambang Arip Dwiyantoro |
Abstract: |
Utilize the potential of solar energy there are two kinds technology
already applied, there are solar thermal technology and solar
photovoltaic. Solar water heater collector is one of the utilized solar
energy. One way to improve the efficiency of collector solar water
heating is to add external fins on pipes. This experimental was carried
in environment Mechanical Engineering ITS, located in -7.27°LS and
-112.79°BT. It is used to cover clear glass with angle of solar
collector 10° and flow rate variation 75 l/h, 150 l/h and 225 l/h. Date
is collected every one hour from 09.00 am - 15.00 pm for each variation.
The measured parameters are upside glass temperature, underside glass
temperature, water input, water output, pipe, absorber plate,
surrounding, solar radiation and wind speed. The results obtained from
this study are the highest efficiency of collector at the flow rate of
225 l/h is 63.87%, and the highest outlet temperature of water at the
flow rate of 75 l/h is 46°C. The addition of wavy fins on pipes can
improve the efficiency of the collector. |
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Title: |
Effect of composition
on the microporosity, microstructure, and macrostructure in the start-up
direct-chill casting billet of Al-Cu alloys |
Author (s): |
Suyitno |
Abstract: |
Direct-Chill (DC) casting is a process where the liquid metal is poured
in a water cooled mold and then the formed solid shell is extracted at
downwards and is directly sprayed by water. Almost universally, the
cooling medium is water, both for mold cooling (primary cooling) and
direct or secondary cooling. Start-up phase is a crucial step during the
casting, in which is prone to casting defects such as porosity and hot
crack. The aim of this research is to study the effect of copper content
in microporosity, microstructure and macrostructure in the start-up
phase of DC casting of Al-Cu alloys. The porosity is maximum in the
center of billet and maximum at low copper concentration (1 pct). The
porosity is minimum in the bottom of billet and it increases for a low
copper concentration (1 pct). The grain size depends on chemical
composition. Most coarse structure is observed at low concentrations of
copper (1 pct). The dendritic arm spacing is unaffected by the chemical
composition. The grain size and dendritic arm spacing are predominantly
fine in the surface. |
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Title: |
The influence of the
addition H3PO4 on degradation of glycerol with vibrating horn |
Author (s): |
Ruslan Kalla, S. Sumarno and M. Mahfud |
Abstract: |
Indonesia is currently developing a renewable energy-based vegetable
oils include the development of biodiesel. One way of making biodiesel
is the transesterification process from vegetable oils and
ethanol/methanol. The transesterification process will produce primary
products such as methyl ester and byproducts /waste in the form of
glycerol approximately 10-15 % so that glycerol is quite abundant.
Degradation of glycerol were processed by the method of sonication can
produce many other compounds include acrolein. The purpose of this study
was to determine the effect of phosphoric acid catalyst in the
degradation of glycerol. The process of production is done in sonication
reactor type 316 stainless steel is equipped with an ultrasonic wave
generator. The operating conditions of research are atmospheric pressure
with water glycerol mass ratio is 1: 8. Research variable is the
temperature of sonication 30, 40 and 50
°C, sonication time is 10, 30,
50, 70 and 90 minutes with and without the use of catalysts. Results of
the experiment were analyzed by using Gas Chromatography (GC). The
results showed that the ultrasonic wave radiation for glycerol
degradation process can be used to produce other compounds such as
acrolein and others. With the use of H3PO4 catalyst conversion is
greater than without using a catalyst and increases with sonication
time. The highest conversion obtained with the use of catalysts H3PO4 is
72.68 % in the sonication time of 90 minutes and a temperature of 50 °C,
while the highest yield obtained was 49.50 % with the use of a catalyst
H3PO4 at sonication time of 90 minutes and a temperature of 50
°C. |
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Title: |
Effect of variation
of Kalium hydroxide solution concentration and temperature to the
corrosion resistance of AISI 304, AISI 316, and copper alloys in water
electrolysis apparatus |
Author (s): |
IDA Hamidah, AGUS Solehudin and AGUS
Setiawan |
Abstract: |
The
corrosion resistance properties of various metals which were used as
electrodes in water electrolysis apparatus had been analyzed. This
analysis is important to improve the performance of the water
electrolysis apparatus. Stainless steel was used as an electrode in
water electrolysis apparatus and it was immersed in KOH solution. KOH
solution with various concentrations and temperatures were used to test
the corrosion resistance of AISI 304, AISI 316, and Copper Alloys. To
analyze the corrosion resistance, calculation of corrosion rate was
conducted by using mass loss method. Through the calculation, it was
found that the corrosion rate was increased linearly by increasing the
concentration and temperature of the solution. This means that the metal
has poor corrosion resistance at high concentrations and high
temperatures. Among the three metals that were tested, it was also found
that AISI 316 showed the most resistant to alkaline environment. |
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Title: |
The role of
heterogeneous nucleation in water based phase change material for medium
temperature refrigeration |
Author (s): |
I. M. Rasta, I. N. G. Wardana, N. Hamidi
and M. N. Sasongko |
Abstract: |
This
paper presents an experimental investigation on effects of corn oil to
ice nucleation phenomenon of a corn oil - water solution immersed in a
tank containing super-cooled liquid mixture of water and propylene
glycol. Temperature of water and propylene glycol mixture was to be
maintained as low as -20 °C. The corn oil-water solution is a new PCM
candidate to be investigated for medium temperature refrigeration
applications. Thermal energy storage characteristics of the PCM
candidate were established and tested at various concentrations using a
T-history method. Ice nucleation below freezing point in water/ice at
temperatures ranging from -6
°C to -4
°C was induced by mixing corn oil
with water to form an oil-water solution. As most of the solution
consisted of water, this PCM became a strong candidate for under 0
°C
applications. The PCM should be capable to maintain product temperatures
of a medium temperature refrigeration system between -1
°C and +5
°C. |
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Title: |
Characteristics of
electrode materials on machining performance of tool steel SKD11 with
EDM Shinking |
Author (s): |
Suhardjono |
Abstract: |
Both
qualitative and quantitative performance of EDM Shinking process depends
not only on process parameters but also on the combination between
electrode material and workpiece material. This research experimented an
EDM machining process uses a different type of electrode material such
as cooper, aluminum, steel, brass, stainless steel, bronze and graphite
to machine a workpiece of hardened tool steel SKD11. Parameters being
analyzed in this research are not only the surface quality but also the
material removal rate (MRR), the tool wear rate (TWR), the wear ratio (WR)
which is defined as MRR/TWR. The result of the research shows that using
different electrode material gives the surface roughness differences
less than 3 µm e.g. for pulse current Ip=20A and Ignition voltage Uz=150V
using the steel electrode and stainless steel electrode gives maximum Ra
9.63 µm and minimum Ra 6.90 µm respectively or between ISO N9 and N10.
In the point of view of quantitative performance, the graphite and brass
give the two highest MRR that is almost two times higher than the mild
steel and stainless steel electrode. However the brass electrode has a
tool wear rate 7.8 times higher than the steel electrode or 5.5 times
higher than stainless steel electrode. Therefore it has the lowest wear
ratio and even less than 1.0 for Ip=45A. The highest wear ratio is shown
by stainless steel electrode with WR=5.23 and the lowest one is by brass
electrode with WR=0.9. So, it means the brass electrode is eroded faster
than the workpiece. In conclusion the application of the graphite and
brass electrodes are normally used for roughing and stainless steel
electrode is for finishing process. |
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Title: |
Multiple-performance
optimization of drilling parameters and tool geometries in drilling GFRP
composite stacks using Taguchi and grey relational analysis (GRA) method |
Author (s): |
Gallih Bagus W., Bobby O. P. Soepangkat
and Iwan Krisnanto |
Abstract: |
Composite materials are used in many applications and are mainly used
for structural components. Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)
composite is an economic alternative for engineering materials due to
its advantageous properties. Drilling is the one of important operations
for composite structure which is quite often used as a final operation
before assembly. The objective of this paper is to optimize drilling
parameters such as cutting feed and cutting speed, tool geometries such
as drill point geometry and drill point angle on the thrust force, hole
roundness and hole surface roughness in drilling GFRP stacks. In this
research, experiments are carried out as per Taguchi design of
experiments and an L18 orthogonal array was used to study the influence
of various combinations of drilling parameters and tool geometries on
quality of the hole. The optimum drilling parameter is determined by
using grey relational grade obtained from grey relational analysis for
multiple-performance characteristics. The drilling experiments were
carried out by using twist drill and CNC machining center. This work is
useful for optimum values selection of various drilling parameters and
tool geometries that would not only minimize the thrust force but also
reduce the hole roundness error and hole surface roughness, so it can
improve the quality of the drilled hole. |
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Title: |
Simulation of two
segments crash box subjected to frontal load |
Author (s): |
Moch. Agus Choiron and Sudjito |
Abstract: |
This
study will simulate the two segments crash box design due to frontal
load direction. The parameter of two segments crash box design consists
of: connection angle between segments (Θ), connection length (p),
segment thickness ratio (t1/t2), segment height ratio (h1/h2) and outer
diameter (do). Deformation mode of crash box and energy absorbing due to
frontal load is observed. Taguchi method was used as design optimization
method. Taguchi matrix L18 was selected. Based on simulation results,
energy absorbing on two segments crash box is a constant rise on
beginning conditions, then it enhance with high slope of the curve on
middle condition. This fact is correlated with the pattern of
deformation that it occurs in the first segment on the beginning data,
then it continued as deformation joining between first and second
segment. From the observation of energy absorption capability in the
frontal load simulation, it can be concluded that the optimum design is
a model design with parameters: Θ = 45°, p = 10 mm, t1 / t2 = 2 mm / 3
mm, h1/h2 = 40 mm / 60 mm and do = 75 mm. |
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Title: |
Experimental study
the effect of angle of blade inclination on coal swirl fluidized bed
drying |
Author (s): |
Melvin Emil Simanjuntak, Prabowo,
Djatmiko Ichsani, Wawan Aries Widodo and Ahmad Sefriko |
Abstract: |
Boilers in Indonesia’s power plants generally are designed using high
range coal. The lack of supply for this coal leads consumption switched
to the low range coal that will gives impact to decrease plant
performance, increase in pollution, operating and maintenance cost. To
face this problem, coal must be upgrading before use in boiler. Drying
process is one of method to upgrade quality of coal where swirl
fluidized bed drying is one of most efficient of fluidized bed drying.
This research was conducted with variation for angle of blade
inclination 100, 200 and 300 with drying time 5 minutes. The temperature
and RH air dryer inlet was 55
°C and 10.5 % and mass sample was 600 gr.
For the five minute period of drying, moisture content was decreased
from 25.17 to 10.28 %, 11.47 % and 13.67 % based on air dryer
calculation and decreased to 9.57%, 11.20 and 13.77% based on coal
measurement. Average mass transfer coefficient was 0.058 m/s, 0.052 m/s
and 0.043 m/s respectively. Air dryer temperature at outlet for five
minute period of drying was 53.1
°C, 51.7
°C and 50.6
°C and relative
humidity was 18.13 %, 15.25 % and 15.16%, respectively. |
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Title: |
Experimental study of
electrode selection effects on mechanical properties of underwater wet
welded-joints |
Author (s): |
Nur Syahroni, Imam Rochani and Harfian
Nizar |
Abstract: |
Proper selection of electrodes is a key element to improve quality of
underwater wet welded joint. Three different types of electrode for
shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) namely E6013, E6019, and E7018 were
selected to perform underwater wet welding of the mild steel ASTM A36
plate. Tension and bending test were carried out according to ASTM [4]
and AWS D1.1 [5] standards respectively. The yield and the tensile
strength of welded joints fulfilled the acceptance criteria. The weld
joint using E6013 and E6019 electrodes have satisfied the minimum
criteria of elongation, but two specimens of the welded joint using
E7018 electrode have failed. Welded joints using E6013 and E6019 have
also satisfied the acceptance criteria of bending test, but have failed
when using E7018 electrode. The reason why the welded joint using E7018
electrode has failed to fulfill the elongations and bend test might be
due to large amount of fine pearlite phase in the HAZ that made the
welded joint less ductile. |
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Title: |
Calculation of
potential wind power in Indonesia by using high altitude wind energy
method |
Author (s): |
Desmas Arifianto Patriawan and Lusia
Permata Sari Hartanti |
Abstract: |
This
paper discusses the potential of wind power with high altitude wind
energy (HAWE) method. Wind speed data were taken from South Bone Bay (Sulawesi)
and Aru Island (Papua). Data was retrieved using satellite imagery. The
data were obtained, then were simulated into wind power with different
heights. Differences in altitude will increase the speed of the wind,
thereby increasing average power at the turbine height from 10 meters to
400 meters increased by 2.2 times. These results show the potential use
of methods HAWE in several areas in Indonesia. |
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Title: |
CFD simulation of
plasma leakage and fluid flow on dengue virus infected-endothelial cells |
Author (s): |
Nur
Kaliwantoro, Marsetyawan HNE Soesatyo, Indarto, Mohammad Juffrie, Rini
Dharmastiti, Mohammad Tauviqirrahman and Zainal Arifin |
Abstract: |
Plasma leakage is one of the pathological features in dengue infection
and may cause fatal condition to the patients. In this study, the
investigations of the plasme leakage and fluid flow around the dengue
virus infected-endothelial cells were conducted using computational
fluid dynamic (CFD) based on in vitro experiments of HUVEC (human
umbilical vein endothelial cell) culture on the permeable membrane.
Fluid velocity profiles and wall shear stress (WSS) values were computed
in each surface of endothelial cells. Fluid flow was assumed as a fully
developed incompressible Newtonian flow. It was shown that the leakage
flow occurs due to the increase in the gap between the cell-cell
junctions of the dengue virus-infected cells. The peaks of the wall
shear stress distribution occur at the cell’s tip, where the cell-cell
junction starts its origin. |
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Title: |
The influence of
binder variation using eruption Kelud sand on sand mold’ strength,
quality and fluidity results on Al-Si metal casting |
Author (s): |
Poppy
Puspitasari, Deby Yangin Drajat, Dewi Puspitasari, Za’im Zarkasi,
Muhammad Ilman Nur Sasongko, Rudi Anggoro Kurniawan, Putut Murdanto and
Tuwoso |
Abstract: |
Sand
casting carried by medium and large scale industries typically uses
commercial silica sand. Natural disaster on Mount Kelud eruption has
introduced a new breakthrough in the form of ideas to use volcanic sand
foundry sand as a base material for aluminum silica based products. This
study, meanwhile, used the experimental method in which, prior to be
given the treatment, the specimens were analyzed on the strength of
molding sand, disability and ability to cast the metal flow (fluidity),
and the quality of Al-Si as casting product. In addition, to observe the
defects, tests on surface hardness and microstructure of Al-Si using
Optical Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were
conducted. The results showed the best fluidity owned by the eruption of
Mount Kelud sand specimens with a variety of bentonite 10% and hardness
value at 129.71 HV. The data obtained from the microstructure result
revealed that the eruption of Mount Kelud sand specimens with 10%
portland cement variations have the pinhole defect size of most small
amounting to ± 7 pieces and open grain structure defects ± 117 pieces.
In other words, sand Kelud eruption molding sand can be an alternative
to the metal casting industry. |
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Title: |
Improved junction
temperature measurement for high power LED |
Author (s): |
Tri
Ayodha Ajiwiguna, Hun Sik Han and Seo Young Kim |
Abstract: |
Peak
wavelength and forward voltage methods are widely used to measure
junction temperature of LED. However, these methods have an error in the
measurement for high power LED caused by high current. In the
calibration step, joule heating is not negligible if high current is
applied even under low duty cycle. Improved junction temperature
measurement by these methods is performed to solve that error. The LED
package tested consists of six red LED chips attached on the metal
board. The dimension of metal board is 30 mm x 32 mm with 3 mm
thickness. When it is being operated, the operating current is 13.5 A
with 25% duty cycle and 250 Hz of frequency. The result of peak
wavelength method and forward voltage method are then compared. Forward
voltage method shows higher standard deviation than peak wavelength
method. The results of non-improved and improved measurement are also
compared. Non–improved measurement shows the lower temperature. The
influence of LED junction temperature to the luminous flux of light
emitted is also investigated. Luminous flux tends to decrease while the
junction temperature increases. |
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Title: |
An innovative concept
to improve the muffler performance using automated mechanical IRIS |
Author (s): |
Mohammad Ahsan Habib, Ahmad Syed Anwar and Md. Anayet U. Patwari |
Abstract: |
With
the development of modern civilization vehicle noise is become one of
the main source of noise pollution to the environment. A lot of research
has been done in recent times in the field of acoustic filters and
exhaust mufflers in order to reduce the exhaust noise. While using
exhaust muffler, a back pressure on engine is always produce. This back
pressure represents the extra static pressure exerted by the muffler on
the engine through the restriction in flow of exhaust gasses. The back
pressure value mainly depends on the muffler design and exit diameter of
the exhaust muffler. It has been found that for a constant exit diameter
of an exhaust muffler the back pressure varies with the change of the
engine speed. Due to this variation of the back pressure, the fuel
consumption per unit distance is also varies. An attempt has been made
in this study to stabilize the back pressure to a suitable value by
using an automated mechanical IRIS. The function of the mechanical IRIS
is to provide a variable exit diameter to the exhaust muffler. An
automated mechanical system will be integrated with the IRIS, so that
the exit diameter will vary automatically depending on the engine speed.
It has been found through 3D based CFD simulation that the back pressure
remains constant for a wide range of speed of the engine. This will
ensure maximum the fuel consumption per unit distance throughout the
wide range of speed variation. |
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Title: |
Waste fish oil biodiesel production and its
performance in diesel engine |
Author (s): |
Kusmiyati, Triana Retno Pratiwi,
and Tri Wulandari |
Abstract: |
Waste
Fish oil was used as raw material for biodiesel production. Two stages
processe, esterification and transesterification were applied to convert
waste fish oil to
biodiesel. An acid catalyst (H2SO4) and alkaline catalyst were used for
catalysts of the esterification and transesterification, respectively.
Fish oil, methanol or
ethanol, and catalyst were reacted in a three-neck flask at temperature
at 60 °C and time of 2 h. The effect of alcohol types on biodiesel
conversion showed that the
optimum condition (conversion of 66.09%) was obtained using methanol.
The density, kinematic viscosity, heating value of fish oil biodiesel
were 0.8822 g/mL, 4.741
mm2/s. 9713 cal/g, respectively. The biodiesel was tested on diesel
engines to determine the engine torque, power and Brake Specific Fuel
Consumption as compared to
diesel oil. At lower speed engine of 1200-1400 rpm, the engine torque of
waste fish oil biodiesel and diesel oil was higher than that at higher
speed engine of 1400-
1500 rpm. Blendings of waste fish oil had higher engine torque than that
of diesel oil. Blends fuel of waste fish oil biodiesel had higher power
engine as compared to
that of diesel oil fuel at speed of 1200-1500 rpm. Blends waste fish oil
biodiesel had lower BSFC (Brake Specific Fuel Consumption) as compared
to that of pure diesel oil. |
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Title: |
Test equipment design
of thermosyphon effects on passive solar water heating system |
Author (s): |
Caturwati NK, Ipick S, Alief and Aufar |
Abstract: |
Water
circulation in passive solar water heating Systems (SWHS) is caused by
thermosyphon effects. Thermosyphon is a physical effect of passive heat
exchange based on natural convection, which circulates a fluid without
the necessity of a mechanical pump. Heating water in solar water heater
panels result a trust for moving water toward higher position due to
heating experienced while water flow in heating canals in solar water
heater panels. In this study show the arrangement of test equipment that
will be used to measure the influence of thermosyphon in solar water
heater panels. High water level in the upper tank as high as drain
position of solar water heater panels, so circulation of water in the
system is caused by thermosyphon effect. The solar water heater panels
are used in the experiment has 2 m2 surface area. Four halogen lamps
with 500 Watt power each mounted perpendicularly to the position of the
solar water heater panels, as the radiation sources. This study tested
the thermosyphon effect of tilt angle of SWH pairs at 5°, 10°, 15° and
20°. The experimental result is tilt angle of SWH at 15° have the best
thermosyphon effect in passive solar water heating systems. |
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Title: |
The effect of welding
time and welding currents on weld nugget and tensile properties of thin
aluminum A1100 by micro resistance spot welding |
Author (s): |
Ario
Sunar Baskoro, Hakam Muzakki and Winarto |
Abstract: |
In
this paper, the electric resistance spot welding process was applied to
thin Aluminum A1100 used for investigating the micro joining process.
Resistance spot welding parameter such as, electrode form, electrode
material, voltage and electrode force were stayed constant. This
experiment uses different welding time and welding current to identify
the optimum welding parameters for maximum joint strength. This paper
studies the characteristic of resistance spot welded of an A1100
aluminum thin sheet with 0.4 mm in thickness. Material was cut by ANSI/AWS
standard dimension. The performance is measured by tensile shear test
and microstructure test. The tensile test was measured in the polymer
technology center of BPPT (the research center of Indonesia). The
thickness of specimen is 0.4 mm. It has Thermal Conductivity 222W/m-K,
Melting Point 643-657.2°C, Solidus 643°C and Liquidus 657.2°C. The
effect of welding current and welding time will give better performance,
such as nugget weld and tensile properties. The welding time and welding
current yield the square of nugget zone size or a hole of the specimen.
From the results, the maximum load of specimen of 272N can be achieved
with the welding parameters of holding time 10 second, cycle time 1, and
welding current 2 kA. This welding result has the 292.1 mm2 nugget size,
and 107.85 mm2 fracture size. This experiment shows the optimum welding
parameters that can be used in micro joining application (thin plate). |
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Title: |
The effect of
pretreatment and variety of microorganisms to the production of ethanol
from coffee pulp |
Author (s): |
Tri
Widjaja, Ali Altway, Siti Nurkhamidah, Luluk Edahwati, Fibrillian Zata
Lini and Fixalis Oktafia |
Abstract: |
Nowadays, the world is facing fossil energy problems such as the rarity
of petroleum and natural gas because these kinds of energy cannot be
renewed. Therefore, the discovery of renewable energy source is very
important to fulfil the world’s energy requirements that will always
increase. Coffee pulp is one of the materials that can be used to
produce glucose and xylose. The purpose of this study is to produce
bioethanol from coffee pulp by utilized both cellulose and hemicellulose
components. Coffee pulp is chosen because its production reached 743
kg/ha and has not been used properly. The compositions of coffee pulp
are 63% cellulose; 2.3% hemicellulose; 17% lignin; 11.5% protein; 1.8 to
8.56% tannin and 6.5% pectin. Coffee pulp contains of high lignin,
therefore pretreatment must be carried out to lower the lignin.
Organosolv method is capable not only to produce large amount of
high-quality and relatively pure lignin but also to dissolve most of the
hemicellulose. The substrate of organosolv pretreatment has higher
cellulose and hemicellulose contain than another alternative method.
Alkaline method was used to compare the effectivity between alkaline and
organosolv method. Cellulose and hemicellulose which are generated from
chemical pretreatment, are being hydrolyzed using pure cellulase and
xylene enzyme to be converted to glucose and xylose. Then, continue the
hydrolysis to fermentation using variation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae,
Zymomonas mobilismutant (A3) and Pichia stipitis to ferment xylose and
glucose to be ethanol. From this research, we got the best pretreatment
process that was shown in Organosolv pretreatment using 50% (v/v)
ethanol with the result 0.20% (w/w) of lignin; 52.24% (w/w) of cellulose
and 11.48% (w/w) of hemicellulose. The best result of pretreatment was
the one which produce the highest cellulose and hemicellulose has no
effect relatively. Cellulose and hemicellulose from coffee pulp
hydrolyzed by using mixture of pure cellulose and xylene enzyme at
temperature 60°C, pH 3 for 30 hours. Reduction sugar yield obtained from
hydrolysis is 0,164 gram reduction sugar/gram coffee pulp. Hydrolysis
using 50% ethanol with the mixture of pure enzymes gave the best result
as productive as 3.480 reduction sugar/gram cellulose and
hemicelluloses. High reduction sugar from enzymatic hydrolysis
correlated with high concentration of cellulose and hemicelluloses. Then
for the highest yield of bioethanol by fermentation using Saccharomyces
cerevisiae is 0,065 gram ethanol/ gram glucose and xylose. |
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Title: |
The use of
magnetic flux to the welding of Hot Roll Quench Tempered
Steel |
Author (s): |
Sugiarto, Anindito Purnowidodo,
Rudy Soenoko, Yudy Surya Irawan and Achmad As’ad Sonief |
Abstract: |
Hot
Roll Quench Tempered Steel (QTS) is term of hot roll steel which
produced by PT. Krakatau Steel with carbon content 0.29 %C that given by
martempering treatment. Martempering treatment meant to increase the
steel hardness for about 500 BHN, thus it cannot be penetrated by
bullet. QTS designed as alternative material for industrial supporting
of military tactical vehicles. Martempering treatment has been changed
metal microstructure from tough ferrite-pearlite to the hard martensite.
The weakness of martensite structure in welding field is low weldability
and prone to the delay cracking for post welding. Delay cracking also
resulted in defect or initial crack which occur by the rapid cooling in
the post welding and the dissolved of inclusion and gas in the welding
area during solidification in weld metal. In many researches, high
circulation rate of weld pool could improve weld metal structure and HAZ,
decrease welding defect and improve the other properties. Circulation
rate of weld pool can be increased by enlarging electromagnetic force or
Lorenz force (FL). Electromagnetic force can be enlarged by increasing
welding current density (J) or increasing magnetic flux (B) as with the
equation FL = J x B. In this research, it was conducted by QTS plate
welding used MIG welding with gas protector CO2. Welding electric
current 140 A was flowed to the electrode wire AWS ER 70-S6 with the
average welding speed 15 cm/minute. Magnetic flux was added from outside
during the welding by flowing DC current to the solenoid 100 x 100 x 10
mm. The DC current that flowed to solenoid was 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15
Ampere. Those current variations resulted in magnetic flux for 0 mT, 2,4
mT; 3,4 mT; 4,43 mT; 6,43 mT and 9,03 mT. Thermocouple of K type was
carbon welded in the distance of 10 mm from welding core to measure HAZ
temperature. The result was peak temperature in the distance of 10 mm
from welding core getting lower because of outside magnetic flux
addition from 0 mT to the 9.03 mT. By taking temperature range of post
welding comparison from 400°C to 200°C, it was known that without
magnetic flux addition which results the highest post welding cooling
rate and getting lower to the magnetic flux addition of 9.03 mT. From
the radiography test, it was known that magnetic flux addition could
decrease welding defect percentage. The bigger magnetic flux addition
resulted in smaller welding defect percentage. The bigger magnetic flux
addition also resulted in bigger impact strength of welding area with
more ductile fracture. |
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Title: |
Optimization of
multiple performance characteristics in EDM process of HPM 38 tool steel
using response surface methodology and non-linear programming |
Author (s): |
Amirul Akbar, Bobby O. P. Soepangkat and Arif Wahjudi |
Abstract: |
The
application of response surface methodology and non-linear programming
for optimizing multiple performance characteristic in electro discharge
machine (EDM) sinking process of HPM 38 steel was investigated. In this
research, the main objective was to minimize surface roughness with
electrode wear rate and material removal rate as constraints. The
experiments were conducted based on Box-Behnken design (BBD) consisting
27 numbers of experiments. Quadratic model regression of response
surface methodology was developed as efficient approaches to determine
the optimal machining parameters in EDM process. Analysis of variance
was applied to investigate the influence of process parameters (pulse
current, gap width, on time and off time) and their interactions on
surface roughness, electrode wear rate and material removal rate. A
confirmation test was carried out to check the deviation of the
predicted (optimum value) with experimental results. |
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Title: |
Structural Design
Optimization of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Type Darrieus-Savonius |
Author (s): |
Bambang Arip Dwiyantoro, Triyogi Yuwono and Vivien Suphandani |
Abstract: |
The
design of wind turbine is always interesting to be studied. Studies on
the optimal structure design of wind turbine have been studied by many
researchers but are still continuing up to now. The present study is
intended to investigate the optimal structure design of
Darrieus-Savonius Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (DS VAWT) type by using
numerical simulation method. A small 500 W DS VAWT was investigated in
this research. Design modifications were begun with several tasks to
find the critical parts of wind turbine, after that the modifications
were analyzed and improved according to the source of weakness. Several
modifications were simulated: shorten the inner shaft and change the
inner shaft material. The simulations results show that the critical
part from DS VAWT system is the inner shaft, by shortening the inner
shaft, the structure strength will improved significantly. Changing the
inner shaft material did not show a great improvement. |
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Title: |
Production of plastic
paver block from the solid waste (Quarry dust, Flyash & PET) |
Author (s): |
Nivetha C., Rubiya M., Shobana S., Vaijayanthi RG.Viswanathan M.E. and
R.Vasanthi M.E. |
Abstract: |
Abstract This paper aims to study the possibility of using plastic waste
as a binding material instead of cement in the manufacturing of paver
blocks. The study bears on plastics with a Polyethylene terephthalate
basis. Plastic waste is carried to melt and mixed with a varying
proportion of solid waste fly ash and quarry dust (PET 25-35 % fly ash
25 % and quarry dust 40-50% in weight). The measurements of physical and
mechanical properties show that plastic waste paver blocks and these
proportion in plastic give s better results than concrete paver blocks. |
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Title: |
A novel approach for
energy efficient target tracking in wireless sensor networks |
Author (s): |
S.
Parasakthi |
Abstract: |
Nowadays, Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are emerging because of
advancement in wireless communication and miniaturization of the
hardware. WSN consists of composed of a large number of low-cost,
low-power, multifunctional sensor nodes to monitor physical conditions,
such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion and etc. The
small sensor nodes used in this network perform sensing, data processing
and communicating. They are densely deployed in the desired environment.
Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has
enabled the development of low-cost sensor networks. The sensor networks
can be used for various application areas (e.g., health, military,
home). For target tracking applications, wireless sensor nodes provide
accurate information since they can be deployed and operated near the
phenomenon. These sensing devices have the opportunity of collaboration
among themselves to improve the target localization and tracking
accuracies. An energy-efficient collaborative target tracking paradigm
is suitable for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The lifetime of a
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is generally limited by the battery
lifetime of the sensor nodes. In this respect, efficient monitoring of
the entire network's available energy is of great importance to take
appropriate preventive actions. However, the physical limitations of
WSNs, such as limited memory and energy resources, mandate such a
monitoring mechanism to have low complexity and minimum energy
dissipation. In this paper, a mutual-information-based sensor selection
(MISS) algorithm is adopted for participation in the fusion process.
MISS allows the sensor nodes with the highest mutual information about
the target state to transmit data so that the energy consumption is
reduced while the desired target position estimation accuracy is met. In
addition, a novel approach to energy savings in WSNs is devised in the
information-controlled transmission power (ICTP) adjustment, where nodes
with more information use higher transmission powers than those that are
less informative to share their target state information with the
neighboring nodes. In this project, a target is accurately effectively
tracked in terms of energy by implementing MISS and ICTP algorithm.
Simulations using Network Simulator demonstrate the performance gains
offered by MISS and ICTP in terms of power consumption and target
localization accuracy. |
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Title: |
Initialization of
optimized K-Means centroids using divide-and-conquer method |
Author (s): |
J.
James Manoharan and S. Hari Ganesh |
Abstract: |
K-means clustering algorithm is one of the most popular unsupervised
learning algorithm that is broadly used to clustering the given data
items. The k-means algorithm is one of the commonly used clustering
methods in data mining. A number of algorithms have been developed for
clustering the data items using K-Means due to its simplicity and
efficiency. The final clustering result of the K-Means clustering
algorithm highly depends upon the initial centroids, which are selected
at random by the user. The difficulty of determining the right number of
clusters in traditional K-Means clustering has attracted significant
importance especially in the recent years. There are many improvement
were already developed to get better performance of the k-means, but
most of these methods needed other inputs like threshold values for the
number of data points in a data set. In this work, the proposed
algorithm can solve the problems of finding initial centroids and
assigning data items to proper clusters using divide-and-conquer method.
So in proposed method, the initial cluster centers have obtained using
divide-and-conquer property after that K-Means algorithm is applied to
gain optimal cluster centers in dataset. The proposed algorithm can
improve the execution speed of clustering the data items using little
number of iterations. With the help of mathematical calculations the
proposed algorithm decreases the complexity which we face in k-means
clustering algorithm. |
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Title: |
Encrypt - Security
Improved Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol (En-SIm AODV) |
Author (s): |
Mr.
B.Karthikeyan N.Kanimozhi and S. Hari Ganesh |
Abstract: |
Resent days Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) mostly uses reactive on-demand
routing protocols where routes are launch only when the node needed.
Most of the protocols which one is belongs to this category are not
including proper security facilities. A MANET is a collection of
autonomous mobile nodes with self-configuring, self-administrating
features. The Mobile ad hoc environment is accessible by both genuine
network users and malicious network attackers. Packets that are routed
during route discovery itself it has to be protected in such a way that
it has minimum chance of having a malicious node in path formed. In this
paper the proposed En-SIm AODV (Encrypt-Security Improved Ad Hoc on
Demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol) is the upgraded version of the
SIm AODV (Security Improved Ad Hoc on Demand Distance Vector Routing
Protocol) which one comes from the previous work. The proposed work uses
the private key encryption and decryption to avoid intrusions. |
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Title: |
Machine learning in
network intrusion detection system |
Author (s): |
K.
Umamaheswari and S. Janakiraman |
Abstract: |
During the last decade, anomaly detection has attracted the attention of
many researchers to overcome the weakness of signature-based IDSs in
detecting novel attacks, and KDDCUP 99 is the mostly widely used data
set for the evaluation of these systems. As network attacks have
increased in number and severity over the past few years, intrusion
detection system (IDS) is increasingly becoming a critical component to
secure the network. Due to large volumes of security audit data as well
as complex and dynamic properties of intrusion behaviors, optimizing
performance of IDS becomes an important open problem that is receiving
more and more attention from the research community. In this paper, we
evaluate performance of a comprehensive set of classifier algorithms
using KDD99 dataset. |
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Title: |
An innovative
security architecture and algorithm for social network services |
Author (s): |
S.
Thiraviya Regina Rajam and S. Britto Ramesh Kumar |
Abstract: |
Social Network Services (SNS) play a vital role in today s
communication. There is a need to ensure the security, effectiveness,
usability, friendliness and accuracy mechanisms in SNS. In this paper an
innovative Security Architecture and Algorithm for Social Network
Service (SAASNS) is proposed. SAASNS System has been developed and
implemented to provide web-enabled community SNS. The results are tested
for community user authentication and access to services as well as to
measure system response time with respect to the user. |
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Title: |
Design and
implementation of an interactive query expansion methodology for
information retrieval |
Author (s): |
S.
Ruban, S. Behin Sam and Vanitha T. |
Abstract: |
Information Retrieval is a field of computer science that has seen a
tremendous change in the past two decades. After the advent of World
Wide Web, access to information became handy because of search engines.
An Information Retrieval system consists of the following components i)
Query interface where the use poses the information need ii) Index file
which is created by the indexing process and the iii) Matching process
which finds out the relevant documents from the available index file.
The performance of the Information Retrieval system always depends on
the above three components. So the improvement in one component can have
a significant impact in the overall retrieval performance. In many of
the query expansion approaches that are proposed in the literature, the
system automatically selects the terms which will be then, be added to
the initial query, whereas the user has no control in the query
expansion process. Here we propose na interactive query expansion
approach where the user gets the help from the system to select the
terms that has to be added to the initial query. Our experiments
conducted in this regard has also revealed that all the terms generated
by the system may not be relevant for expansion but however the user
decides which terms to be added and which may not be considered. In this
experiment we intend to use a domain Ontology for interactive query
expansion and we compare the performance of our system with the
traditional one. |
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Title: |
Evaluation of cast
iron surface roughness using image processing and machine vision system |
Author (s): |
N. Nithyanantham and P. Suresh |
Abstract: |
In
recent years, with the beginning of high-speed general-purpose computers
and powerful high speed vision systems image analysis have become
easier, faster and more flexible. Images of surfaces captured using
vision system can be used to identify, analyze and quantify surface
texture after the implementation of quality improvement algorithms.
Unlike the stylus instruments, the computer vision systems have the
advantages of being non-contact and are capable of measuring an area of
the surface rather than a single line which makes it a 3D evaluation. In
this paper, optical surface roughness parameter 'Ga' has been obtained
from an image and is compared with the widely used conventional average
surface roughness 'Ra' obtained from the stylus instrument for ground,
milled and shaped surfaces. |
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Title: |
Contourlet based
biometric watermarking for copyright protection and extraction using ICA |
Author (s): |
S.Saju and G.Thirugnanam |
Abstract: |
During the last few decades, there is the continuous development of
networking across the globe which simplified their path in data
communication, multimedia signal processing and so on. It also ensures
there is an effective need of copyright protection in multimedia
processing. These data are actually very easy to hack: information
becomes vulnerable to interception, copying, tampering or corruption.
Many literature s have reported about Discrete Wavelet Transform
watermarking techniques for data security. However, DWT based
watermarking schemes are found to be less robust against image
processing attacks and the shift variance of Wavelet Packet Transform
causes inaccurate extraction. In this paper copyright protection for
fingerprint image using contourlet transform and extraction using
Independent component analysis was proposed. The performance measures
like PSNR and Similarity measure are evaluated and compared with
Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to prove the robustness of the scheme.
Simulations are carried out using Matlab Software. |
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Title: |
Hardware
implementation of linear current booster for solar pumping applications |
Author (s): |
Smrithi Radhakrishnan, Venugopal LV and Vanitha M. |
Abstract: |
Solar
photovoltaic systems have got widely varying characteristics. In order
to match the system characteristics with the load, a maximum power point
tracking is inevitable. There are several MPPT techniques proposed till
date. But the major concern is how efficiently the system works by the
inclusion of tracking system with the existing system. In the case of
solar irrigation systems, where electric motors are used will be in need
of high starting current in early morning and late evenings. The panel
may be unable to provide this required power to the motor. In this paper
a new technology called Linear Current Booster (LCB) is being introduced
which will increase the current by sacrificing the voltage. |
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Title: |
Fuzzy logic control
based three phase shunt active filter for power quality improvement in
distribution system |
Author (s): |
P. K.
Mani and K. Siddappa Naidu |
Abstract: |
This
paper presents a Fuzzy Logic Control Based (FLCB) Shunt Active Filter (SAF)
capable of reducing the total harmonics distortion (THD) in Power System
(PS). SAF is one of the key controllers in Flexible Alternating Current
Transmission System (FACTS) to control the transmission line voltage and
can be used in PS to enhance the power transmission capacity and extend
the transient stability. In order to improve the power factor, compensate
the reactive power and suppress the total harmonic distortion (THD)
drawn from a Non-Linear Diode Rectifier Load (NLDRL) of SAF, we propose
a Hysteresis Current Pulse Width Modulation (HCPWM) technique which is
used as control for the switches of the Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) or
SAF. The synchronous reference D-Q frame theory is used to generate the
reference compensating currents for SAF. A fuzzy logic based control is
developed to regulate the voltage of the DC capacitor. The system with
control scheme is implemented in Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results
show the effectiveness of the proposed method for harmonic damping and
voltage regulation. |
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Title: |
Simulation and
hardware implementation of STATCOM-Dynamic Voltage Restorer (S-D) device |
Author (s): |
P. K.
Mani and K. Siddappa Naidu |
Abstract: |
Power
quality has become an important factor in power systems, for consumer
and household appliances with proliferation of various electric and
electronic equipment and computer systems. The main causes of a poor
power quality are harmonic currents, poor power factor, supply-voltage
variations, etc. A technique of achieving both active current distortion
compensation, power factor correction and also mitigating the
supply-voltage variation at the load side is compensated by unique
devices S-D (STATCOM and DVR) in this paper. The proposed S-D system can
improve the power quality at the point of common coupling on power
distribution systems under unbalanced and distorted load conditions. The
STATCOM is connected across the load to compensate for current related
problems such as reactive power compensation. The series component of
the S-D device is Dynamic Voltage Restorer which inserts a voltage so as
to maintain the voltage at the load terminals balanced and free of
distortion. |
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Title: |
Survey on speed
controllers for a permanent magnet brushless DC motor |
Author (s): |
B.
Gunapriya, M. Sabrigiriraj, M. Karthik and R. Nithya Devi |
Abstract: |
The
permanent magnet brushless DC motors are utilized more in automotive,
industrial and household product due to its high torque density,
compactness, high efficiency, low maintenance and simple control. BLDC
motor is meant to utilize the trapezoidal back emf voltages with square
wave currents to come up with constant torque. BLDC motor is
electronically controlled and needs rotor position data for correct
commutation of the currents even at fixed-speed application. On the
other hand it's very important to lower the producing value of the BLDC
motor drive for several applications. This survey presents analysis of
many algorithms planned by many authors to deal with the speed control
of BLDC motor effectively. The several algorithms are analyzed
completely to spot their benefits and limitations. The performance
analysis of the algorithms is applied to see the simplest approach.
Finally the fuzzy and neural techniques are found to have superior
quality for speed control of drives. |
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Title: |
Design of PSO-PID
controller for a nonlinear conical tank process used in chemical
industries |
Author (s): |
D.
Mercy and S. M. Girirajkumar |
Abstract: |
Conical tank process has become increasingly popular in many industrial
sectors like Chemical Industries, Paramedical Industries, Fermentation
Industries, Drugs Manufacturing Industries, etc. Conical tank plays a
vital role in chemical industries for chemical mixing, chemical storage
& waste product draining. It is very difficult to control the level of
the conical tank as it has a non-linear property of varying diameter and
volume. Hence, it needs a sophisticated method to control the process
and the most reliable one is using the PID controller. The PID
controller is the generic feedback control technology and it makes up
90% of automatic controllers in process industries and is also the
cornerstone for many advance control algorithms and strategies. For
regulating the PID Controller, many tuning rules have been enclosed.
Though, it provides proper tuning of the PID and it does not provide
optimal tuning. In this paper we proposed the conventional tuning,
internal model controller tuning and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
tuning. The three results are compared based on the tuning values, time
domain specifications and error criteria and the best tuning method is
identified for a nonlinear conical tank system. |
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Title: |
A novel fuzzy based
internal model controller design of a perfusion system for CPB surgery
conditions |
Author (s): |
M.
Dhinakaran and S. Abraham Lincon |
Abstract: |
In a
Perfusion System the blood from the patient body is continuously
collected and returned through plastic tubing to allow the health care
professionals to perform an artificial organ function like Artificial
Heart (Blood pump), Artificial Lungs (Oxygenator) on the blood during
CardioPulmonary Bypass Surgery. CardioPulmonary Bypass (CPB) is a
technique that temporarily takes over the function of the Heart and
Lungs during surgery, Heart Lung Machine (HLM) support is used for
maintaining the circulation of blood and the Oxygen content of the
patient body. HLM system is managed by perfusionist manually to maintain
proper blood flow and blood pressure. Much of the time, the perfusionist
makes small adjustments in the system to maintain flow and pressure.
This maintenance process can be tedious and is prone to human error. So
by the introduction of an automatic control, the variables can be
perfectly controlled. In this work model identification and controller
design of a perfusion system is done by real time Blood Gas Analyzer (BGA)
reports collected from various CPB surgery patients. For those values an
identified model is estimated and tested in MATLAB. The proposed
controller is designed and tested in MATLAB Simulink for CPB Surgery
conditions. So this control strategy presented ensures the patient s
safety. |
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Title: |
A novel bit serial
architecture based K-best decoder for MIMO detection |
Author (s): |
Shirly Edward A. and Malarvizhi S. |
Abstract: |
Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems are widely studied and
included in some wireless communication standards in order to achieve
tremendous gains in wireless system capacity and link reliability. At
the receiver end, Maximum Likelihood (ML) detection has a superior
performance but its VLSI implementation is infeasible due to its
complexity. Therefore, a modified k-best detection algorithm is proposed
and its architectural implementation using Distributed Arithmetic
algorithm which is bit serial in nature is presented in this paper. The
hardware implementation is targeted to Xilinx Virtex FPGA and the
results are tabulated. The comparison of resource utilization with
literature shows reduction in hardware complexity to a greater extent.
Our design achieves a decoding throughput of 39Mbps. |
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Title: |
Effect of heat and
mass transfer on MHD oscillatory flow with chemical reaction and slip
conditions in asymmetric wavy channel |
Author (s): |
J.
Sasikumar and A. Govindarjan |
Abstract: |
In
this study, the effects of slip parameter on hydro magnetic oscillatory
flow combined with heat and mass transfer in asymmetric wavy channel
with species concentration through porous medium having non uniform wall
temperature are investigated. Due to the pulsatile flow nature, the
dimensionless flow governing equations on continuity, momentum and
energy are solved based on some simplifying assumptions. Analytic
solutions are obtained for temperature distribution, mass concentration
and velocity fields. The features of flow characteristics are analyzed
graphically. Results of radiation parameter, Peclet number, Hartmann
number and geometric parameters on flow and heat / mass transfer
characteristics are discussed. It is observed that velocity profiles
increase with an increase in the cold wall slip parameter and decrease
for an increase in porous medium parameter. |
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Title: |
An urban road traffic
with the dedicated FUZZY control system in VANET |
Author (s): |
J. Veneeswari and C.
Balasubramanian |
Abstract: |
A
intelligent system is embedded on all upcoming devices on working
environment to allow the system to think, ease of access and share
information .In wireless adhoc networks intelligent transportation
system is used improve vehicle communication and safety movement between
vehicles with multihop transmission. Feasible outcome of needed data s
to take decision in VANET mainly used in urban road topology it contain
more mobility of vehicle is present. Incorporating intelligent transport
system to provide multiple routing path to know the shortest distance
between VANET. Cluster head dope out with position of vehicle more number
of vehicles is added to the cluster head. Using fuzzy logic we can
eliminate collision and increase packet delivery ratio In this paper
FUZZY LOGIC with time based allocation to avoid retransmission of packet
and collision rate. It s more feasible to communicate with inter-vehicle
by cluster formation with the scheduled time which reduce the network
overhead .Performance of fuzzy with time slots are proven with the
simulated results. |
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Title: |
Modeling and
simulation of modified bridgeless converter and a single phase
seven-level inverter for a solar power generation system |
Author (s): |
J. Sevugan Rajesh and
R. Revathi |
Abstract: |
This
paper proposes a solar power generation system, which integrates a
modified bridge less converter and a new seven-level inverter with a
novel pulse width modulation (PWM) control scheme. High static gain
step-up dc-dc converter based on the modified SEPIC converter with
magnetic coupling and without magnetic coupling are presented and
analyzed. The dc dc converter to specify the size of incremental current
in the current command of MPPT. This proposed seven- level inverter is
designed using a capacitor selection circuit and a bridgeless power
converter, connected in cascade. Proper switching of the inverter can
produce seven output-voltage levels (Vdc, 2Vdc /3, Vdc /3, 0,-Vdc, -2Vdc
/3, -Vdc /3) from the dc supply voltage. The performance of the proposed
maximum power point tracker and seven-level inverter are demonstrated in
MATLAB simulation at different operating conditions. |
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Title: |
Improvement of power
quality in facility side using modified UPQC (Unified Power Quality
Conditioner) |
Author (s): |
P. K. Mani and K.
Siddappa Naidu |
Abstract: |
The
main objective of this paper is to improve power quality in the facility
side i.e. distribution side. For that we are implementing most recent
FACTS device called Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). The
unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is a custom power device, which
mitigates voltage and current-related PQ issues in the power
distribution systems. The proposed topology helps to match the dc-link
voltage requirement of the shunt and series active filters of the UPQC.
The topology uses a capacitor in series with the interfacing inductor of
the shunt active filter, and the system neutral is connected to the
negative terminal of the dc-link voltage to avoid the requirement of the
fourth leg in the voltage source inverter (VSI) of the shunt active
filter. The average switching frequency of the switches in the VSI also
reduces; consequently the switching losses in the inverters reduce. And
also, the level of harmonics present in the distribution line gets
reduced. |
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Title: |
Numerical analysis on
36cm2 PEM fuel cell for performance enhancement |
Author (s): |
Lakshminarayanan V., Karthikeyan P., D.S. Kiran
Kumar and SMK Dhilip Kumar |
Abstract: |
The
effect of the various parameters affects the performance of the Proton
exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell. In this work the various landing to
channel width of (L: C) 1:1, 1:2 and 2:2 Multipass serpentine flow
channel PEM fuel cell with 36 cm2 (6cm x 6cm) effective area was
analyzed numerically. The model was developed and simulated under the
pressures ranges from 1 bar to 2.5 bar, stepping by 0.5 bar and
temperature ranges from 323 K to 353K increasing by 10 K using Creo 2.0
the fluent CFD 14 software respectively. The maximum power densities of
0.658, 0.642 and 0596 W/cm2 were obtained in the L: C of 1:1, 1:2 and
2:2, respectively. |
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Title: |
Emission
characteristics of a compression ignition engine using methyl esters of
rice bran oil and diesel blends |
Author (s): |
R. Senthilraja |
Abstract: |
The
emission characteristics of a single cylinder four stroke compression
ignition multi fuel engine when fueled with rice bran methyl ester and
its 20% and 40% blends with diesel (on a volume basis) are investigated
and compared with standard diesel. The suitability of rice bran oil
methyl ester as a biofuel has been established in this study. Bio diesel
produced from rice bran oil by transesterification process has been used
in this study. Experiment has been conducted in various loads such as
0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% at a fixed engine speed of 1500 rpm and at
compression ratio of 17.5:1. The impact of fuel blend on exhaust gas
emissions has been investigated and presented. The fuel blend which
gives comparable emission with the standard diesel has been identified.
The blends when used as fuel results in reduction of smoke and carbon
monoxide, hydrocarbon comparable with the diesel and increase in
nitrogen oxides emissions. |
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Title: |
Influence of nano
reinforced particles on the mechanical properties of aluminium hybrid
metal matrix composite fabricated by ultrasonic assisted stir casting |
Author (s): |
Praveen kumar A.,
Aadithya S. and Dhilepan K. and Nikhil N. |
Abstract: |
During the past few decades, materials design has shifted emphasis to
pursue low cost, quality, light weight, environment friendliness, and
performance. Aluminium matrix composites are important class of
engineering materials used in aerospace, automotive, engineering,
defence and other industries because of their lower density, higher
specific strength, and better physical and mechanical properties.
Aluminium Matrix composites are projected to significantly reduce the
overall weight of the vehicles while maintaining satisfactory structural
strength. Reinforcement of micro or nano-sized range particles with
aluminium matrix yields improved physical and mechanical properties in
composite materials. In this paper, we have investigated the effect of
ultrasonic stirring in aluminium matrix composite with micro silicon
carbide particles (fixed 5% wt.) and Nano Graphene (1, 3 and 5% wt.).
Al356 was used as a matrix material. Micro SiC and Nano graphene
produced by reduction of Graphite oxide Method were added as the hybrid
reinforcements in varying proportions. Al 356 alloy/ (Graphene + SiC)
hybrid composites with different hybrid ratios were synthesized using
semisolid stirring assisted ultrasonic cavitation method. For
comparison, an Al356 alloy + 5% SiC sample was also casted under the
same conditions. Various properties of composites like tensile strength,
ductility, Flexural strength, hardness, impact strength were measured
and compared with Al356 + 5% SiC sample. The application of ultrasonic
vibration on the composite during melting refined the grain structure of
the matrix, and improved the distribution of nano-sized reinforcement.
From the results of tensile test, it is found that the value of tensile
strength increases with increase in Wt. % of graphene. The hardness of
composites with 3% Nano graphene is higher than 1 and 5 % Nano graphene.
The presence of Nano graphene in Al 356 alloy SiC composites validates
the fact that, there is an improvement in mechanical properties. |
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Title: |
Performance
enhancement on 36cm2 single pass interdigitated flow channel of PEMFC |
Author (s): |
Lakshminarayanan V., Karthikeyan P., Aswin C. and Charandeep Singh |
Abstract: |
In
this paper the performance of various rib to channel width of (R: C)
1:1,1:2 and 2:2 Single pass interdigitated flow channel of Proton
Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) with 36 cm2 (6cm x 6cm) effective
area with constant mass flow rate of species was analyzed numerically.
The effect of the various parameters affects the performance of the
PEMFC. The model was developed and simulated using Creo 2.0 the Fluent
CFD 14 software respectively. The pressure ranges from 1 bar to 2.5 bar,
with an interval of 0.5 bar and temperature ranges from 323 K to 353K
increasing by 10 K. The maximum power of 18.1476, 18.774 and 18.0828 W
was obtained in the R: C of 1:1, 1:2 and 2:2, respectively. |
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Title: |
Determination of a
global action plan to mitigate the fear of mathematics among the
engineering students using multi-step FCM approach |
Author (s): |
Nivetha Martin J., Kaliga Rani and L. Vinotha |
Abstract: |
Education is a device that designs the life of the mankind. The students
of today are very ambitious and in particular the engineering students
are much determined to achieve in various domains, but they are bound to
many academic constraints. One of the most notable one is the percentage
of imbibing the acquaintance of their specialization, with that of the
subject mathematics is comparatively very low. The sole reason for their
poor performance is fear towards the subject. This emotional aspect
disintegrates the channel of learning mathematics. To refurbish the
minds of the students a profound investigation has to been undertaken
for which this paper is a step towards it. The method of multi-step FCM
(Fuzzy Cognitive Maps) approach is applied in this paper to uncover the
measures of mitigating the fear of mathematics among the engineering
students from the teaching perspective. |
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Title: |
Optimization of
process parameters to enhance the mechanical properties of bone powder
and coir fiber reinforced polyester composites by Taguchi method |
Author (s): |
K. Vignesh, G.
Ramasivam, U. Natarajan and C. Srinivasan |
Abstract: |
This
study investigated the optimization of the process parameters to enhance
the mechanical properties of bone powder impregnated coir fiber
reinforced polyester composites using Taguchi method in combination with
Grey relational analysis. The factors considered for the optimization
are the coir fiber diameter, coir fiber length, bone powder content and
bone powder size, each at three different levels. The mechanical
properties such as the tensile strength, flexural strength, compressive
strength and impact strength are selected as the quality targets. Nine
experimental runs based on L9 (34) orthogonal array of the Taguchi
method are performed. An optimal parameter combination of the composites
is obtained through the Grey relational analysis. The analysis of
variance is applied to identify the most influential factor and it is
found that the composites. A confirmation experiment is performed to
verify the optimal result. The results of the confirmation tests prove
that the tensile strength, flexural strength, compressive strength and
impact strength of the composite samples enhanced simultaneously through
the optimal combination of the composite parameters obtained from the
proposed method. The improvement in the tensile strength, flexural
strength, compressive strength and impact strength of the composite
samples at the optimized condition are evaluated. |
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Title: |
Experimental
investigation of dry drilling of Austenitic Stainless Steel |
Author (s): |
M. Arun, N. Arunkumar
and R. Vijayaraj |
Abstract: |
Austenitic stainless steel is difficult to drill using conventional High
Speed Steel tools. Hence Cemented carbide, coating of TiAlN in High
Speed Steel and on Cemented carbide drills are investigated in drilling
of AISI 316 Stainless steel. Three cutting speeds and three feed rates
are used to conduct different experiments. To reduce the number of
experiments, Taguchi’s L9 Orthogonal array is used. Different parameters
like cutting force, surface roughness, Roundness error and Burr height
were ascertained for all the experiments. The experiments shows that
HSS-TiAlN required less cutting force for machining, while Carbide-
TiAlN had less surface roughness. In case of Roundness error HSS-TiAlN
gave less roundness error and for Burr height Carbide-TiAlN had highest
burr height. |
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Title: |
Factors influencing
submerged Arc Welding on stainless steel- A review |
Author (s): |
A. Arul Marcel Moshi,
S.R. Sundara Bharathi, R. Rajeshkumar and R. Kumar |
Abstract: |
Stainless Steel have functional characteristics in wide variety of
applications such as nuclear reactor vessels, heat exchangers, oil
industry tubulars and components of chemical processing units.
Components have been used in such industries often required joining of
materials with high thickness. There are many welding methods reliable
for stainless steel welding. Among various welding methods, Submerged
Arc Welding technique is familiar for high thickness welding .In this
paper, Submerged Arc welding process and the effect of process parameter
on quality of welding have been reviewed with various researches and
discussed in detail because of its inherent benefits such as higher
metal deposition rate, good strength of the joint and good surface
appearance. Due to the above said desired properties, this welding
process is extensively used in the fabrication of pressure vessels, pipe
lines and off-shore structures. Welding flux constitutes nearly half of
the cost in Submerged Arc Welding process. This welding process is often
preferred because it offers high production rate, high melting
efficiency and ease of automation. The review is concerned with factors
influencing the quality of weld in stainless steel by Submerged Arc
Welding and hope that it is very helpful for predicting the best welding
conditions for stainless steel. |
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Title: |
Electric discharge
machining of Al-TiB2 composites with and without graphite powder
suspended dielectric |
Author (s): |
M. Prabu, G. Ramadoss,
C. Senthilkumar, S. Magibalan and P. Senthilkumar |
Abstract: |
The
excellent mechanical and physical properties of metal Matrix Composites
(MMCs) make them very attractive for a variety of engineering
applications and also yielded enormous economic benefits to
manufacturing industries through improved product recital and product
design. The MMCs presently attracting most interest are those based on
aluminum alloys and reinforced with particulate of either aluminum or
silicon carbide. Conventional machining of these composites posted
difficulties due to abrasive nature of reinforcement which causes severe
cutting tool wear. It is therefore essential to develop the technology
of non-conventional machining processes which can be effectively used
for machining such advanced materials and Electric Discharge Machining [EDM]
is an important non-conventional machining process that can effectively
machining these materials. EDM process is a hasty recurring spark
discharge method, initiated typically between the negative tool and
positive work piece, engrossed in a dielectric medium. The dielectric
medium used in EDM process serves as a coolant for the tool and work
piece, serves as a conducting medium when ionized and conveys spark and
also as a flushing medium in removing fragments. When graphite powder is
suspended into the dielectric fluid and injecting at the tool-work piece
or inter electrode gap during machining, will make deionization easier
and lesser the path resistance causing an increased in discharge rate.
This work presents some of the investigations in machining Al-TiB2p MMC
by EDM. The experiments are conducted on Electronica Spark Erosion
Machine. This augments Metal Removal Rate (MRR), decreases Tool Wear
Rate (TWR). |
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Title: |
Experimental
investigation of machining parameters in electrical discharge machining
using EN36 material |
Author (s): |
M. Panneer Selvam,
Ravikumar R., Ranjith Kumar P., and Deepak U. |
Abstract: |
The
quality of a product is the main factor for showing growth of a company.
The quality of the product mainly depends upon the material and process
parameters. Optimization technique plays a vital role to increase the
quality of the product. Hence, many authors have presented their works
on the optimization of process parameters for various machining
processes. EDM process optimization with multiple performance
characteristics based on orthogonal array with copper electrode. The
process parameters such as gap current, pulse on time and pulse off time
were optimized with the considerations of multiple performance
characteristics such as material removal rate, tool wear rate and
surface roughness value on the work material. |
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Title: |
Design and analysis
of dynamic Electromagnetic Suspension System for improved vehicle
stability |
Author (s): |
M. Suresh, Walter
Karg R., R. Rohith Renish and Viraal Nemani |
Abstract: |
Introducing a new technology ‘Electromagnetic Suspension System’ which
works on the principle of ‘Faraday’s law of Induction’. It replaces the
hydraulic and air suspensions. Here we bring in the use of
electromagnets to push/pull the wheel in and out of a dip without
jostling of the car body that will result in easy and safe driving. This
system consists of two electromagnets placed inside the cylinder. One of
the electromagnet that is placed in the top end of the cylinder is fixed
and the other placed in the bottom end of the cylinder is movable. A
rheostat that is used for varying resistance is used here. The main
purpose of the rheostat is that it could vary current. There is an
additional fitting done to the movable end of the rheostat. A strong
spring has to be attached to the movable end of the rheostat so that it
could come back to its original position. A rod is attached from the
jockey of the rheostat to the axle of the wheel. This rod will help the
rheostat to vary the current. So when the current is passed to the
electromagnets, there will be a repulsive force between them and so
whenever there is an upward force acting on the wheel the current has to
decrease so that the wheel alone will move up and down. This is the
purpose why we prefer rheostat. The rod connected to it will vary and
then come back to its original position. EMF is defined as the energy
available per unit charge that travels once around the wire loop.
Equivalently, it is the voltage that would be measured by cutting the
wire to create an open circuit, and attaching a voltmeter to the leads.
The maximum stress obtained after analyzing the electromagnetic
suspension is 130.307 N/mm.2 |
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Title: |
Analyzing the
manufacturing procedures of inorganic solar cells |
Author (s): |
Ananda Selvakumar U., Jegathese C. R., Kings S. and Jaffar M.T. |
Abstract: |
The
need for enhancing the performance and energy conversion rates have led
to identify better manufacturing procedures of solar cells. Inorganic
solar cells are being very widely used and experimented in various
mission critical robust applications like satellites and calculators.
Improvements are continuously being attempted to increase the
performance of solar cells. There are various procedures to manufacture
solar cells with varying performances and more experiments are required
to enhance the efficiency. |
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Title: |
Study of
machinability characteristics for turning austenitic (316L) and super
duplex (2505) stainless steel using PVD-TiAlN Nano-multilayer inserts |
Author (s): |
Dhananchezian M.,
Thinesh T., Steven Niketan Paul and Inian Roy A. |
Abstract: |
In
this research work, we have intended to study the machinability of dry
turning of austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L and Super Duplex 2507
stainless steel with coated carbide PVD - TiAlN Nano-multilayer. The
turning operations were performed at three different cutting speeds (79,
121 and 188 m/min); constant feed rate (0.159 mm/rev) and depth of cut
(1 mm) respectively. The effect of cutting speed in cutting temperature,
the cutting force, surface roughness, tool wear and chip breaking were
analyzed. It reveals that the higher cutting force and poor surface
finish were found in the Super Duplex 2507 stainless steel over
austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L. It is observed that higher tool
wear occur in case of Super Duplex 2507 stainless steel over an
austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L. The collected chips of various
cutting parameters have shown that friendlier-to-machine chips are
obtained when machining austenitic stainless steels over the duplex
stainless steel grades. Finally, Super Duplex 2507 stainless steel
displays poorer machinability responses. |
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Title: |
Effect of cyclone
height on holdup mass and heat transfer rate in solid cyclone heat
exchanger-CFD approach |
Author (s): |
T. Mothilal, V.
Velukumar, K. Pitchandi and M. Selvin Immanuel |
Abstract: |
This
work investigates the effect of cyclone height (barrel and cone height)
on holdup mass and heat transfer rate in a cyclone heat exchanger using
CFD code FLUENT 12. Four barrel height (100, 150, 200 and 250 mm) and
four cone height (200, 250, 300 and 350 mm) cyclones were tested in
order to find its effect on hold up mass and heat transfer rate from gas
to solid particles. Flow field is analyzed using Reynolds averaged
Navier stokes equation. RNG k-? turbulence model used to analyze the air
flow and discrete phase model (DPM) is adopted to predict the particles
tracking in cyclone. Experimental data used for the validation of
simulations were obtained from the literature study. Previous works in
varying the dimensions of cyclone height does not predict holdup mass
and heat transfer rate in cyclone. Result shows that increasing barrel
and cone height decreases pressure drop, Maximum tangential velocity and
axial velocity increases slightly in cyclone heat exchanger. Holdup mass
raises 1.6 - 3.6 % with change in barrel height ranging from 100 to 250
mm and 2 - 5 % with change in cone height ranging from 200 to 350 mm.
Similarly with increase in barrel and cone height, heat transfer rate
raises from 1.5 - 1.7 % and 1.5 - 3.2 % respectively. |
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Title: |
Studies on the
influence of drilling cycle on the surface roughness of the drilled
holes |
Author (s): |
L. Francis Xavier,
P. Suresh R. Balaragavendheran, P. Yeshwanth Kumar and S. Deepak |
Abstract: |
Tool
wear is a an major issue and challenging task for engineers since wear
on the drill increases the surface roughness, affects the hole quality,
decreases the tool life and also increases the production cost. As one
third of the metal removal process performed in industries is drilling
operation, in this paper an experimental investigation was conducted to
analyze the influence of drilling cycle on the surface roughness of the
drilled holes during drilling deep through holes on the prepared
aluminium metal matrix composites. The composites were prepared by using
stir casting method. The experiments were carried out both in wet and
dry condition using cobalt coated ?5mm HSS drill.G83 peck drilling cycle
and G81 drilling cycle was selected to drill deep through holes on the
prepared aluminium metal matrix composites. |
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Title: |
Design and
Fabrication of advanced aerial robot Quadcopter |
Author (s): |
N. Tamilselvam, P.
Abirami, S. Logasundari, P. Azhaguraja, P. Banumathi and B. Malarvizhi |
Abstract: |
This
paper explains about the Fabrication of aerial robot Quadcopter with
advanced avionics system for the use of spraying pesticides and
fertilizers in agricultural land. Construction of Quadcopter with multi
rotor setup will be most promising task for the unmanned aerial vehicle
designers. The fabricated vertical takeoff and landing aerial robot
Quadcopter has four motors mounted on its four arms. Brushless motor of
1000 to 1500 rpm and propeller of 10×4.5 have been inbuilt with this
Quadcopter for obtaining range up to 700 meters. The Experimental flying
test of advanced aerial robot Quadcopter is carried out and it can lifts
up to 4kgs weight as a payload. |
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Title: |
Navigation systems in
NOE flight sensors and their integration |
Author (s): |
N. Tamilselvam, D.
Divya priya, B. Rajeswari and N. Siddika |
Abstract: |
This
project presents the optimization method for Nap-of-the-Earth. The Nap
of the Earth (NOE) mode is the most exciting, most dangerous, and is
typically the slowest. It is used by military aircraft to avoid enemy
detection and attack in a high-threat environment. NOE is used to
minimize detection by the ground-based radar, targets and the control
system. The Radar Altimeter or Terrain-Following Radar system, Terrain
Awareness and Warning system is used to detect the obstacles during
flying in NOE flights. Here, while the flight is at nap of the earth
operation, the speed and the altitude must be slow as already
determined. The terrain following radar maintains the altitude from the
ground level. So we analyze the problem to increase the performance of
the aircraft by ranging the terrain by some modes of the Terrain
Avoidance and Warning System which is given by ICAO, UKCA, EASA, and
FAA. Further to this, different TAWS modes of operation, explanation of
mode selection and advancement in TAWS are explained in detail. In this
paper, MATLAB programming is done for some modes of TAWS operation and
the simulation of flight path for the excessive terrain. Closure rate
from mode 2 operation of flight is also done. |
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Title: |
Effect of particles
density on holdup mass and heat transfer rate in solid cyclone heat
exchanger |
Author (s): |
T. Mothilal and
K. Pitchandi |
Abstract: |
This
work presents the effect of particles density on holdup mass and heat
transfer rate in solid cyclone heat exchanger. Performance of cyclone
heat exchanger mainly depends on operational parameters such as inlet
air velocity, temperature; solid particles feed rate and density.
Present work studies the effect of particles density by varying inlet
air velocity and temperature. Four different solid particles (Sulfur,
Dolomite, Steel and Copper) density ranges from 2050 to 8950 kg/m3 which
are fed at 0.5 g/s flow rate and inlet air velocity ranging from 4.6 to
24.2 m/s at three inlet air temperatures 373, 473 and 573 K.
Experimental setup was built for stairm and high efficiency cyclone. Good
agreement was found between experimental and literature pressure drop.
Results conclude that holdup mass and heat transfer rate increases
0.5-1.5% and 82-86% with decrease in density particles respectively.
Increase in inlet air velocity, holdup mass and heat transfer rate
raises 3.2-6% and 4 - 6.7% respectively for all particles at all inlet
air temperatures. |
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Title: |
Aging behavior in Co-Cr-Mo-C alloys |
Author (s): |
Alfirano, Anistasia Milandia and Suryana |
Abstract: |
The effects of the addition of 1
wt. % Si and 1 wt. % Mn in Co-28Cr-6Mo-0.25C alloys on phase of
precipitate during aging at 873-1473 K have been investigated. The
precipitation in the Cobalt matrix was observed in the aged specimens.
The result shows that the precipitation consists of fine precipitation
of M23C6 type, h-phase
and s-phase.
Meanwhile, the addition of Si increased the precipitation area in the
Time-Temperature-Precipitation (TTP) diagram as compared to the Mn. The
addition of
Si increased the precipitation area of h-phase.
During aging, precipitate size decreased with decreasing aging
temperature. Blocky and rod-like precipitates were
observed at higher and lower aging temperatures, respectively. The
addition of Si increased the hardness of alloy that might be caused by
the formation of fine M23C6 type and h-phase
precipitates at 1073-1173 K. |
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Title: |
The production study of bipolar plate from
cuprum-carbon nanocomposite in polypropylene matrix (PP) for the fuel
cell application |
Author (s): |
M. Fitrullah, A.H. Yuwono and Sari Katili |
Abstract: |
This research is to get the
parameter correlation in synthesis, micro/nano structure processes, and
the candidate performance of inorganic-organic nanocomposite from
the cuprum and carbon nano particles in polypropylene matrix. Besides,
it also aims to get the optimal composition and evenly spread
disparity/distribution from the
cuprum and carbon particles in polypropylene matrix. To achieve the
goals, it is conducted by two processes. The first stage includes the
nanocomposite candidate
fabrication with the increase of cuprum nanoparticle (0; 0, 5; 1; 1, 5;
and 2 wt%) in polypropylene matrix. This cuprum nanocomposite candidate
is characterized by the
UV-Spectroscopy test, electrical conductivity test, the melt flow rate
(MFR) test, the scanning electron microscope test (SEM), and thermal
gravity analysis (TGA)
test. And the second stage includes the cuprum and carbon nanocomposite
candidate fabrication (5; 10; 15; and 20 wt%) with the wet chemical
technique. From the
research, it can be known that the cuprum nanocomposite (PP-Cu), the
optimal composition is achieved in the level of nanocuprum inorganic
fulfillment of 2 wt%, which it
has the electrical conductivity of 9,306 x 10-9 S/cm with the lowest
band gap energy value of 3.78 eV and the highest critical temperature of
3380C also the increase
of MFR value reaches 91.09 g/10 minute. Then, for the cuprum and carbon
nanocomposite resulted in the second stage, the optimal composition is
achieved at 20 w% of
black carbon, has electrical conductivity of 5,590 x 10-8 S/cm with the
flexural modulus of 1650 MPA and also the melt flow rate (MFR) value of
16.75 g/10 minute which
meet the requirement for the missal production by the moulding injection
tools. |
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Title: |
Engine test stand layout and post processing tools
for the detection of engines’ performance parameters |
Author (s): |
Marco Bietresato, Massimiliano Renzi, Simone
Mischiatti and Fabrizio Mazzetto |
Abstract: |
An eddy-current brake, capable of
measuring the torque and the power of internal combustion engines at
desired rotational speeds, has been fully interfaced with an
external NI cDAQ 9178 data logger. Thanks to this system, it is possible
to collect and synchronize the data coming from the test stand and from
several other sensors
equipping the motors under test: a load cell used in a chrono-gravimetric
fuel consumption system, many thermocouples, a lambda probe, an exhaust
gas analyzer. To have
a better control of the position of the throttling valve during the
trials (hence a higher repeatability), a control system, based on an
Arduino board, directly acts
on the valve through a servomotor. Then, a series of software tools
allows the interfacing of the various devices and the automatic
post-processing of the acquired
data (filtering of signals, recognition of data corresponding to the
single engine speeds, time-averaging). The described testing equipment
and the implemented
procedures allow investigating, on the whole operating range of a motor
(i.e., at different engine speeds and loads), each single performance
parameter’s value, such
as: the torque, the power, the fuel consumption of the motor, the
temperature and the composition of the exhausts (up to nine different
gases), the temperature of the
engine head and of the cylinder block, the combustion quality and many
other additional parameters describing the engine performance. This test
stand, with the
described post processing procedures, will be used in future works to
evaluate the performance of traditional and alternative-fuelled internal
combustion engines for
both agricultural and co-generative applications. |
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Title: |
Strength analysis of Zno-Al2O3 nanocomposite for
implant material innovation |
Author (s): |
Poppy Puspitasari and Andoko |
Abstract: |
Nowadays, implant material become
an attractive attention for the researchers to look for alternative
materials that better than the previous material. Several
complaints have been found due to the use of titanium and steel as
implants in the knee. Composite is the main option and being the center
of attention and
nanomaterials are a promising new breakthroughs. This study offers a new
solution for the knee implant in the form of ZnO-Al2O3 nanocomposite as
knee implant material.
Before being applied to the world of orthopedics, the nanocomposite has
been tested using a mechanical testing using hydraulic press machine and
has done the
compressive strength and shear simulated using software simulation with
Catia Version 5 Release 17 (V5R17) and ANSYS. The results of the
compressive strength of
composites with different percentage comparisons showed that 50% ZnO and
50% Al2O3 has the highest compressive strength compared to other
composition ratio (80-20 and
65-35). Based on simulation data, ZnO-Al2O3 nanocomposite has the
highest strength on the composition ratio of 50% ZnO and 50% Al2O3 which
has the ability to withstand
a compressive stress of 3 GPa, equivalent to 300 x 107 N / m2. |
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Title: |
CBPR: Case based
pattern retrieval- A framework for pattern retrieval |
Author (s): |
Kumar K. and
Saravanaguru R. A. K. |
Abstract: |
Nowadays, existing patterns are available in the form of catalogs. These
catalogs, however, they are always searched by a pattern name. Searching
for patterns using
their name is useful for only experienced analyst who already knows what
patterns they need. Inexperienced developers, on the other hand, may
have to spend time to
read throughout each pattern description before they can find the right
patterns. So it is necessary to have systematic framework to help
inexperienced developer
to search for appropriate pattern based on their design problems. The
proposed system addresses the problems which are mentioned above. It
uses the case based
reasoning techniques to retrieving the patterns and uses formal concept
analysis for organizing the cases (design problems). Along with this
case weight is added to
intent (keywords identified from the problem) so that the ranking
efficiency of the system can be improved. CBPR based tool has been
adopted the proposed framework and
compared with three types of applications. |
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Title: |
Effect of heat
treatment on the fatigue behavior of EN8 steel |
Author (s): |
M. Senthil Kumar, S.
Ragunathan and V. R. Srinivasan |
Abstract: |
Rotary elements exhibit the fatigue failure due to the insufficiency of
fatigue strength. EN8 steel was investigated through various heat
treatment processes for its fatigue behavior as it finds core
application on the production of transmission shafts, crankshafts and
gear. Nitriding was influenced to base metal specimens at the
temperature of 5600C in cyanide salt bath. The specimens undergone with
induction hardening experienced the electrical input of 32kW at 1800C.
As combined heat treatment exhibits better output in fatigue strength,
the nitrided specimens were introduced induction hardening with 80 KHz
frequency. Hardness test and Tensile test were carried out. Rotary
Fatigue testing was done in Cantilever type Fatigue testing Machine.
Results indicate that Improved fatigue strength was attainable by the
combined heat treatment process of Nitriding followed by Induction
hardening. Fracture study was done using SEM. |
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Title: |
Numerical solution for image reconstruction in diffuse optical
tomography |
Author (s): |
K. Uma Maheswari, S. Sathiyamoorthy and G. Lakshmi |
Abstract: |
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a Bio-medical imaging technology
used in clinical diagnosis that employs the scattered light to probe the
optical properties of
human tissues. To reconstruct an image by estimating the scattering and
absorption coefficients, the inverse problem of DOT is applied. Diffuse
optical tomography
suffers from severe ill-posedness caused by noise and incomplete
measurement data; hence its efficient, stable and accurate treatment is
very challenging. So these
parameters are processed by the Levenberg - Marquardt regularizing
reconstruction method. It is the standard regularization technique for
non-linear least square
problem and it is used to overcome the ill-posedness of the inverse
problem. The diffuse optical tomography is used in brain and breast
cancer for earlier detection of
carcinoma cells. |
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Title: |
Visible Light Communication based smart parking system using MSP430 |
Author (s): |
Abinayaa B. and Arun Raja A. |
Abstract: |
A major issue in public places like shopping malls, museums and
hospitals is parking. Parking is the main service used by the people in
these private units. The
management of these public units invests more time and money in
designing parking systems. Existing parking systems are equipped with
appropriate sensors and
controllers to count the parked cars automatically, but it does not
indicate empty parking slots. These systems consume more power and tend
to wireless interference.
The proposed system, namely, Visible Light Communication based Smart
Parking System introduces Visible Light Communication, a data
communication technology using a low
power MSP430F5529 microcontroller to help drivers to get real-time
parking information. Real-time information on free parking slots helps
drivers to save time and
reduce fuel consumption. Visible Light Communication (VLC) or Li Fi or
Optical Wireless technology means the wireless data transfer using LED.
Wireless interference is
greatly reduced by using VLC. The proposed system is suitable for
multiple floor buildings, which involves data gathering from parking
side modules integrated in
multiple floors of the building. Parking side modules continuously
collects the data and intimates the module integrated in the vehicle
section. The module in the
vehicle section interfaces a GSM modem to send the detected information
to the user mobile. The result of the proposed system is validated in an
indoor environment. |
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Title: |
Certain investigations and the comparative analysis on the delay logic
used for complex adders and multipliers for the reduction of static
power consumption |
Author (s): |
N. Deepak, R. Bharani Kumar and Ashwini A. Metri |
Abstract: |
For the full custom ASIC design, it is mandatory that every part of the
system consideration has to be fulfilled with all the design
specifications. In this delay in
the complex circuits is an important aspect that has to be considered.
In this paper, a comparative study and analysis of constant delay (CD)
logic and the static
logic is performed for various adders. This logic can also be applied
for the CORDIC algorithm circuit that minimizes the delay in the
circuit. The CD logic works with
the pre-evaluated outputs that are much before the inputs that are fed
to the respective stage. This gives an advantage over different styles
of design when it comes
for the multistage blocks. This control over the delay in the logic
helps in the reduction of static power consumption at the different
levels. Thus a power controlled
design is also achieved along with the reduced delay. A comparative
analysis of CD and static logic is been performed for different kind of
adders like half adder,
full adder, 16 BIT ripple carry adder and 16 BIT Wallace tree
multiplier. The analysis is carried out in 120nm technology with
frequency as 500 MHz and at a
temperature of 450C. |
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Title: |
Compact graphene field effect transistor modeling with quantum
capacitance effects |
Author (s): |
Arya Raj K. and Bala Tripura Sundari B. |
Abstract: |
A scaled down graphene field effect transistor (GFET) has been modeled
by incorporating the quantum capacitance effects. The proposed GFET
model scaled down to 90nm
has been developed using compact model equations. Metal oxide gated
compact GFET models have been modeled without considering variation of
top gate capacitance with
quantum capacitance effects. But the effects of deviation of quantum
capacitance become more with scaling down and cannot be neglected. In
this paper the compact drain
current equation has been derived by incorporating the dependence of
quantum capacitance on the channel voltage and on intrinsic parameters
of the device has been
considered. The parameters of interest for circuit design have been
determined from current characteristics, transfer characteristics,
trans-conductance, and transit
frequency. As the measure of performance of the model library in a
circuit is often defined as unit gate delay, we propose to determine the
rise time and fall time of
a single GFET inverter and present the results. |
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Title: |
Design of logarithm based floating point multiplication and division on
FPGA |
Author (s): |
N. RamyaRani, V. Subbiah and L. Sivakumar |
Abstract: |
Logarithmic number systems (LNS) find many of its applications in the
field of multimedia, digital signal processing, scientific computing and
artificial neural
networks due to logarithm and antilogarithm elementary functions. In
this paper, logarithm based single precision floating point arithmetic
units are designed based on
look-up table method that computes various functions like log, antilog,
rounding and exponential terms. This paper is focused in the efficient
design of logarithmic
floating point multiplication and division. Compared to conventional
floating point arithmetic units, this work presents the design by using
the same hardware for
performing logarithmic operations, antilogarithm, rounding and
exponential functions. Hence this work is found to be efficient in terms
of area and speed compared to
the design of conventional floating point arithmetic designs. Synthesis
results were obtained in Xilinx SPARTAN and VIRTEX FPGA devices.
Comparative results were
presented for conventional floating point arithmetic units and log LUT
based arithmetic designs. |
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Title: |
Energy management of a hybrid power system for variable speed wind
turbine and varying temperature |
Author (s): |
J. Karthika, V. Subbiah and A. Litle Judy |
Abstract: |
This paper deals with Energy management of a wind and solar hybrid
generation system for interconnection operation with electric
distribution system. This system
consisting of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), Solar PV,
hybrid energy storage, a dump load and an interfacing grid. The hybrid
energy storage consists
of battery storage and a super-capacitor where both are connected to the
DC bus of a system. An energy management algorithm (EMA) is proposed for
the hybrid energy
storage with a view to improve the performance of the battery storage.
Moreover, high reactive power demand makes it more challenging due to
the limitation of reactive
capability of the wind generating system. A synchronous condenser is
employed to provide reactive power. A coordinated control approach is
developed to manage the
active and reactive power flows among the components. In this regard,
individual controllers for each system component have been developed for
effective management of
the system components. The simulation is carried out using detailed
model in MATLAB/SIMULINK model. The performance of the model
demonstrated that the proposed method
is capable of achieving: a) Good voltage and frequency regulation, b)
Effective Management of the Hybrid Storage System, c) Reactive Power
Capability by the
synchronous condenser. |
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Title: |
Three phase uninterruptible power supply based on trans
Z source
inverter |
Author (s): |
Radhika A., Sivakumar L. and Anamika P. |
Abstract: |
UPS with traditional inverter requires additional step up transformer to
boost the voltage. Due to the presence of step up transformer, the
inverter current is much
higher than the load current, this causes high stress across the
switches. This paper proposes a new topology of uninterruptible power
supply (UPS) by using a Trans
Z-source inverter. The Trans Z source inverter solves this problem with
reduced switching stress. Here the impedance network (two inductors with
one capacitor) is
placed in between battery and the inverter. Compared to traditional
inverter, the Trans Z Source Inverter produces high voltage. Further, it
reduces the current
ripple. The simulation model of a 3-Kw UPS with the Trans Z-source
inverter has been developed and verified. |
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Title: |
High level synthesis for design space exploration |
Author (s): |
Ranjini Krishnanunni K. and Bala Tripura Sundari B. |
Abstract: |
In VLSI, design space exploration considering various constraints
complex using conventional RTL design flow. The techniques of high level
synthesis are useful in
abstracting the design to a higher level than in the regular RTL design
flow. The various hardware architectures possible need to be explored to
bring out the design
trade-offs in terms of parameters namely latency, critical path delay
and resource utilization. The focus of the work presented here is to
explore systolic array
mapping methods with and without HLS transformations. Unfolding and
pipelining are the HLS transformations applied on the DSP benchmark –FIR
filter. Unfolding
enhances the possibilities of concurrency in loops and pipeline
architecture makes concurrency possible. Vivado HLS tool is used to
explore the design space for random
subspace mapping and computational subspace mapping and analyze their
merits and demerits in terms of the design trade-off performance
parameters when the design is
mapped to Zynq architecture. |
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Title: |
Fatigue behavior of Ni-Zn composite coating on
EN8 steel by pulse
electroplating |
Author (s): |
M. Senthil Kumar, S. Ragunathan and M. Suresh |
Abstract: |
EN8 steel has an important application on production of rotary elements
like transmission shafts, crankshafts and gears. The base metal EN8 was
exposed to Nitriding in
Cyanide salt bath with 5600C temperature. Ni-Zn coating was done on both
Nitrided and Non-Nitrided EN8 specimens by pulse electrodeposition. The
results of Tensile,
Hardness and microscopic tests were studied. Fatigue behavior of each
category was studied through Cantilever type Rotary Bending Fatigue
machine. Results showed that
coating on nitrided specimens produces high fatigue resistance than
coating on non-nitrided specimens. Failure mechanism was investigated
through SEM analysis. |
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Title: |
Industrial process monitoring and control using Raspberry Pi |
Author (s): |
Darshini B. and E. Esakki Vigneswaran |
Abstract: |
Now-a-days the accidents in the coal mine industries have increased.
Even if any explosion occurs it can’t be easily known to the labourers
and it may cause accidents.
So in order to avoid this, a robot has been designed and this robot is
allowed to monitor the ambient situations inside the coal mine industry.
Some of the
environmental parameters such as methane leakage, temperature, oxygen
are sensed by using the high end sensors and the sensed data are
transmitted to the mobile phone
through Wi-Fi. A static ip address is configured in the microprocessor
for the Wi-Fi. The robot has a camera that transmits live video signal
to mobile phone for
monitoring the status of the coal mine and to control the robot
movement. If the temperature exceeds a threshold, the cooling fan is
automatically set to ON and if any
gas leakage is detected the workers are given alert through a buzzer.
Oxygen is supplied is there is suffocation for the labourers. The robot
is designed using a
Raspberry Pi 2 board. The Wi-Fi dongle and sensors are attached to the
robot and this robot is tethered with the mobile phone and can be
controlled from a web browser
using navigation buttons. By this the human intervention can be avoided
inside the industry and the accidents can be prevented. |
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