ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences                         ISSN 1819-6608
 
 
 
ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences                April 2008  | Vol.3  No.2
Title:

Optimising the compression ratio of diesel fuelled C.I engine

Author (s):

GVNSR Ratnakara Rao, V. Ramachandra Raju and M. Muralidhara Rao

Abstract:

In order to find out optimum compression ratio experiments were carried out on a single cylinder four stroke variable compression ratio diesel engine. Tests were carried out at compression ratios of 13.2, 13.9, 14.8, 15.7, 16.9, 18.1 and 20.2. Results showed a significant improved performance and emission characteristics at a compression ratio 14.8. The compression ratios lesser than 14.8 and greater than 14.8 showed a drop in break thermal efficiency, rise in fuel consumption along with increased smoke densities.

 
 
 
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Title:

Analytical modeling of cutting forces of end milling operation on aluminum silicon carbide particulate metal matrix composite material using response surface methodology

Author (s):

B. Ganesh babu, V. Selladurai and R. Shanmugam

Abstract:

The cutting forces exerted by the cutting tool on the work piece during a machining action to be identified in order to control the tool wear and occurrence of vibration, thus to improve tool-life. Modeling of cutting force in milling is often needed in machining automation. The objective of this study is to predict the effects of cutting parameters on the variations of cutting forces during end milling operation of Al SiC metal matrix composite material. Cutting forces are measured for varies feed rates. In this study Response Surface Methodology is used by designing four factors, five level central composite rotatable design matrixes with full replication; for planning, conduction, execution and development of mathematical models. The average cutting forces are determined at different feed rates in tangential, radial, and axial directions per tooth period by keeping immersion and axial depth of cut as constant. A comparison between modeling and experiment is presented. This model and analysis are useful not only for predicting the tool wear but also for selecting optimum process parameters for achieving the stability of the end milling process.

 
 
 
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Title:

Load forecasting by a novel technique using ANN

Author (s):

T. Gowri Manohar and V. C. Veera Reddy

Abstract:

Basically the active power demands at various load buses need to be estimated ahead of time in order to plan the generation and distribution schedules, for contingency analysis and also for monitoring the system security. A great deal of attention has been given in recent years to the question of setting up the demand models for the individual appliances and their impact on the aggregated demand. For the allocation of spinning reserve it would be necessary to predict the load demands at least an hour ahead. A method using ANN based technique is developed for short-term load forecast. The technique is tested on real time data collected from a 220 KV / 132 KV / 33 KV / 11 KV Renigunta Sub-Station, A.P, India . Calculations are done based on the hourly data of active power variations obtained over a period of one month. The active powers were used as input quantities for training the ANN and obtained the respective output active powers for the corresponding day.

 
 
 
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Title:

Determining a common production cycle time for an EPQ model with non instantaneous deteriorating items allowing price discount using permissible delay in payments

Author (s):

C. Sugapriya and K. Jeyaraman

Abstract:

This paper considers the Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) for non instantaneous deteriorating items allowing price discount with constant production and demand rate extending the facility of permissible delay in payments. It is assumed that a single machine produces single product over an infinite planning horizon. The optimal production cycle time is derived under conditions for continuous review, deterministic demand and no shortage.

 
 
 
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Title:

Adaptive channel equalizer and DTMF detection

Author (s):

T. Ramashri and P. Gangadhara Reddy

Abstract:

DSP based equalizer systems have become ubiquitous in many diverse application including voice data and video communication via various transmission media. The effect of an equalization system is to compensate for transmission channel impairments such as frequency dependent phase and amplitude distortion. Besides correcting for channel frequency response anomalies, the equalizer can cancel the effect of multi path signal components, which can manifest themselves in the form of voice echoes, video ghost or Raleigh fading conditions in mobile communication channels. Equalizers specifically designed for multi-path correction for often termed Echo cancellers or Deghosters. They may require significantly longer filter span than simple spectral equalizers, but the principle of operation are essentially the same.

 
 
 
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Title:

Voltage regulation of a distribution system by a novel hybrid method

Author (s):

 

Abstract:

In recent years there has been a considerable increase in the amount of generation connected to distribution networks. This has largely arisen due to environmental legislation encouraging the development of renewable generation based on wind, hydro or waste fuels, and a growth in industrial Combined Heat and Power ( CHP ). In this paper, by using the hybrid method of combining automatic control of power factor and voltage it is shown that steady state voltage rise can be controlled below the statutory limit with maximum utilization of connected Embedded Generation. This is made possible by intelligent selection of power factor or voltage control mode during the operation of Embedded Generation. For calculating the voltage at different nodes, load flow is necessary. In this work the Z-loop method is used to find out the voltages at different nodes in the radial distribution system. The simulated results are presented for various case studies. To justify the proposed method, the results obtained by the automatic voltage control method and the proposed hybrid method of combining voltage and power factor control (AVPFC) are compared at the end.

 
 
 
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Title:

Implementation and simulation of direct torque control scheme with the use of FPGA circuit

Author (s):

Sarat Kumar Sahoo, G. Tulasi Ram Das and Vedam Subrahmanyam

Abstract:

This paper presents a simple approach to design and implementation of Direct Torque Control ( DTC ) of three phase squirrel cage induction motor using Matlab/Simulink and FPGA software. The direct torque control of induction machine is a simple control. To maintain this simple control structure while at the same time improving the performance of the DTC drives two simple new techniques i.e. constant switching frequency and stator flux estimation are proposed. To maintain a constant switching a simple torque control is introduced to replace the three level hysteresis comparators. The magnitude and phase error associated with stator flux estimation based on voltage model is compensated by using simple compensator which is based on steady state operation.

 
 
 
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Title:

Modeling of liquid hydrocarbon fuel production from palm oil via catalytic cracking using MCM -41 as catalyst

Author (s):

Ivan Yared, Hengky Kurniawan, Nico Wibisono, Yohanes Sudaryanto, Herman Hindarso and Suryadi Ismadji

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to determine the reaction kinetics of the catalytic cracking of palm oil over MCM -41 as a catalyst at the higher C/O ratio and WHSV. The kinetic values obtained from this study can be used further for industrial purpose. In this study, palm oil was cracked using MCM -41 as a catalyst in a fixed bed micro-reactor. The experiment was conducted at the atmospheric pressure, with reaction temperature of 623.15 K, 673.15, and 723.15 K, Weight Hourly Space Velocity (WHSV) of 15, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, and 30 h-1, and C/O (catalyst/oil) ratio of 1:32.5. The kinetic model used in this study was the three-lump model developed by Weekman, which involves parallel cracking of palm oil to Organic Liquid Product ( OLP ) and gas plus coke, with consecutive cracking of the OLP to gas plus coke. The model can represent the experimental data fairly well. From the study, the rate constant values k1, k2, k3 for reaction temperature of 623.15 K were found to be 9.499, 1.8967 and 0.15565 h-1, respectively. For reaction temperature of 673.15 K, the rate constant values were 20.0674, 3.9725 and 0.6330 h-1. For reaction temperature of 723.15 K, the rate constant values were 28.5494, 5.1498 and 0.6768 h-1. Using the Arrhenius equation, the activation energy is 41.5000, 37.7800 and 12.7437 kJ/mol for E1, E2, and E3, respectively. The pre-exponential factor k10, k20, and k30 obtained using the same equations were 30091.6, 2971.14 and 5.82 h-1, respectively.

 
 
 
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Title:

Investigation of the upstream and downstream slope of the long-throated flumes on the discharge coefficient

Author (s):

Samad Emamgholizadeh and Kazem Assare

Abstract:

Long-throated flumes provide economical and flexible water measurement capabilities for a wide variety of open-channel flow situations. Primary advantages include minimal head loss, low construction cost, adaptability to a variety of channel types, and ability to measure wide ranges of flows with custom-designed structures. Discharge coefficient of long-throated depends on many parameters such as upstream and downstream slope, step height and throat length. In order to investigate the effects of these parameters on the values of discharge coefficient, in this study a series of laboratory experiments were carried out in a flow measurement flume of rectangular cross section. The experiments carried out with different upstream and downstream slope, two step height (P = 7.62 and 15.62cm), constant throat width (w = 25cm) and throat length (L = 30.48cm). Eleven different models made of Plexiglas were tested in a horizontal flume for large range of discharges. The results of this study indicated the long-throated flume can be used for flow measurement with average of 1.6% flow measurement error. Also the results reveled that the decreasing of upstream slope and the increasing of downstream slope would caused the discharge coefficient is increased.

 
 
 
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Title:

Modeling for optimization of urban transit system utility: A case study

Author (s):

M. Muthukannan and A. M. Thirumurthy

Abstract:

The model for optimization of transit system is developed by relating the demand of a mode to the aggregate cost of travel, travel time and accessibility. Two competitive modes are selected such as mass rapid transit system (MRTS) and Metropolitan transport corporation (MTC) leaving other modes since they do not affect the systems performance. The travel time cost of travel for the same origin and destination by the two modes provides the base for the demand estimation. The accessibility level for each mode ranked based on its frequency of service and distance. This study deals with the development of demand model for MRTS system in Chennai. This developed model is found to be statically significant in explaining the variation in the demand for travel. The model is also used for demand estimation.

 
 
 
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