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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences April
2008 | Vol.3 No.2 |
Title: |
Optimising the compression
ratio of diesel fuelled C.I engine |
Author (s): |
GVNSR Ratnakara Rao, V.
Ramachandra Raju and M. Muralidhara Rao |
Abstract: |
In order to find out
optimum compression ratio experiments were carried out on a single
cylinder four stroke variable compression ratio diesel engine. Tests
were carried out at compression ratios of 13.2, 13.9, 14.8, 15.7, 16.9,
18.1 and 20.2. Results showed a significant improved performance and
emission characteristics at a compression ratio 14.8. The compression
ratios lesser than 14.8 and greater than 14.8 showed a drop in break
thermal efficiency, rise in fuel consumption along with increased smoke
densities. |
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Title: |
Analytical modeling of
cutting forces of end milling operation on aluminum silicon carbide
particulate metal matrix composite material using response surface
methodology |
Author (s): |
B. Ganesh babu, V.
Selladurai and R. Shanmugam |
Abstract: |
The cutting forces exerted by the cutting
tool on the work piece during a machining action to be identified in
order to control the tool wear and occurrence of vibration, thus to
improve tool-life. Modeling of cutting force in milling is often needed
in machining automation. The objective of this study is to predict the
effects of cutting parameters on the variations of cutting forces during
end milling operation of Al SiC metal matrix composite material. Cutting
forces are measured for varies feed rates. In this study Response
Surface Methodology is used by designing four factors, five level
central composite rotatable design matrixes with full replication; for
planning, conduction, execution and development of mathematical models.
The average cutting forces are determined at different feed rates in
tangential, radial, and axial directions per tooth period by keeping
immersion and axial depth of cut as constant. A comparison between
modeling and experiment is presented. This model and analysis are useful
not only for predicting the tool wear but also for selecting optimum
process parameters for achieving the stability of the end milling
process.
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Title: |
Load forecasting by a
novel technique using
ANN
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Author (s): |
T. Gowri Manohar and V. C.
Veera Reddy
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Abstract: |
Basically the active power demands at
various load buses need to be estimated ahead of time in order to plan
the generation and distribution schedules, for contingency analysis and
also for monitoring the system security. A great deal of attention has
been given in recent years to the question of setting up the demand
models for the individual appliances and their impact on the aggregated
demand. For the allocation of spinning reserve it would be necessary to
predict the load demands at least an hour ahead. A method using
ANN
based technique is developed for short-term load forecast. The technique
is tested on real time data collected from a 220 KV / 132 KV / 33 KV /
11 KV Renigunta Sub-Station, A.P,
India
. Calculations are done based on the hourly data of active power
variations obtained over a period of one month. The active powers were
used as input quantities for training the
ANN
and obtained the respective output active powers for the corresponding
day. |
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Title: |
Determining a common
production cycle time for an EPQ model with non instantaneous
deteriorating items allowing price discount using permissible delay in
payments |
Author (s): |
C. Sugapriya and K.
Jeyaraman |
Abstract: |
This paper considers the Economic
Production Quantity (EPQ) for non instantaneous deteriorating items
allowing price discount with constant production and demand rate
extending the facility of permissible delay in payments. It is assumed
that a single machine produces single product over an infinite planning
horizon. The optimal production cycle time is derived under conditions
for continuous review, deterministic demand and no shortage. |
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Title: |
Adaptive channel equalizer
and DTMF detection |
Author (s): |
T. Ramashri and P.
Gangadhara Reddy
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Abstract: |
DSP based equalizer systems have become
ubiquitous in many diverse application including voice data and video
communication via various transmission media. The effect of an
equalization system is to compensate for transmission channel
impairments such as frequency dependent phase and amplitude distortion.
Besides correcting for channel frequency response anomalies, the
equalizer can cancel the effect of multi path signal components, which
can manifest themselves in the form of voice echoes, video ghost or
Raleigh
fading conditions in mobile communication channels. Equalizers
specifically designed for multi-path correction for often termed Echo
cancellers or Deghosters. They may require significantly longer filter
span than simple spectral equalizers, but the principle of operation are
essentially the same. |
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Title: |
Voltage regulation of a
distribution system by a novel hybrid method |
Author (s): |
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Abstract: |
In recent years there has been a
considerable increase in the amount of generation connected to
distribution networks. This has largely arisen due to environmental
legislation encouraging the development of renewable generation based on
wind, hydro or waste fuels, and a growth in industrial Combined Heat and
Power (
CHP
). In this paper, by using the hybrid method of combining automatic
control of power factor and voltage it is shown that steady state
voltage rise can be controlled below the statutory limit with maximum
utilization of connected Embedded Generation. This is made possible
by intelligent selection of power factor or voltage control mode during
the operation of Embedded Generation. For calculating the voltage
at different nodes, load flow is necessary. In this work the Z-loop
method is used to find out the voltages at different nodes in the radial
distribution system. The simulated results are presented for various
case studies. To justify the proposed method, the results obtained by
the automatic voltage control method and the proposed hybrid method of
combining voltage and power factor control (AVPFC) are compared at the
end. |
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Title: |
Implementation and
simulation of direct torque control scheme with the use of FPGA circuit |
Author (s): |
Sarat Kumar Sahoo, G.
Tulasi Ram Das and Vedam Subrahmanyam |
Abstract: |
This paper presents a simple approach to
design and implementation of Direct Torque Control (
DTC
) of three phase squirrel cage induction motor using Matlab/Simulink and
FPGA software. The direct torque control of induction machine is a
simple control. To maintain this simple control structure while at the
same time improving the performance of the
DTC
drives two simple new techniques i.e. constant switching frequency and
stator flux estimation are proposed. To maintain a constant switching a
simple torque control is introduced to replace the three level
hysteresis comparators. The magnitude and phase error associated with
stator flux estimation based on voltage model is compensated by using
simple compensator which is based on steady state operation. |
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Title: |
Modeling of liquid
hydrocarbon fuel production from palm oil via catalytic cracking using
MCM
-41 as catalyst |
Author (s): |
Ivan Yared, Hengky
Kurniawan, Nico Wibisono, Yohanes Sudaryanto, Herman Hindarso and
Suryadi Ismadji |
Abstract: |
The objective of this study was to
determine the reaction kinetics of the catalytic cracking of palm oil
over
MCM
-41 as a catalyst at the higher C/O ratio and WHSV. The kinetic values
obtained from this study can be used further for industrial purpose. In
this study, palm oil was cracked using
MCM
-41 as a catalyst in a fixed bed micro-reactor. The experiment was
conducted at the atmospheric pressure, with reaction temperature of
623.15 K, 673.15, and 723.15 K, Weight Hourly Space Velocity (WHSV) of
15, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, and 30 h-1, and C/O (catalyst/oil) ratio
of 1:32.5. The kinetic model used in this study was the three-lump model
developed by Weekman, which involves parallel cracking of palm oil to
Organic Liquid Product (
OLP
) and gas plus coke, with consecutive cracking of the
OLP
to gas plus coke. The model can represent the experimental data fairly
well. From the study, the rate constant values k1, k2, k3 for reaction
temperature of 623.15 K were found to be 9.499, 1.8967 and 0.15565 h-1,
respectively. For reaction temperature of 673.15 K, the rate constant
values were 20.0674, 3.9725 and 0.6330 h-1. For reaction temperature of
723.15 K, the rate constant values were 28.5494, 5.1498 and 0.6768 h-1.
Using the Arrhenius equation, the activation energy is 41.5000, 37.7800
and 12.7437 kJ/mol for E1, E2, and E3, respectively. The pre-exponential
factor k10, k20, and k30 obtained using the same equations were 30091.6,
2971.14 and 5.82 h-1, respectively. |
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Title: |
Investigation of the
upstream and downstream slope of the long-throated flumes on the
discharge coefficient
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Author (s): |
Samad Emamgholizadeh and
Kazem Assare
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Abstract: |
Long-throated flumes provide economical
and flexible water measurement capabilities for a wide variety of
open-channel flow situations. Primary advantages include minimal head
loss, low construction cost, adaptability to a variety of channel types,
and ability to measure wide ranges of flows with custom-designed
structures. Discharge coefficient of long-throated depends on many
parameters such as upstream and downstream slope, step height and throat
length. In order to investigate the effects of these parameters on the
values of discharge coefficient, in this study a series of laboratory
experiments were carried out in a flow measurement flume of rectangular
cross section. The experiments carried out with different upstream and
downstream slope, two step height (P = 7.62 and 15.62cm), constant
throat width (w = 25cm) and throat length (L = 30.48cm). Eleven
different models made of Plexiglas were tested in a horizontal flume for
large range of discharges. The results of this study indicated the
long-throated flume can be used for flow measurement with average of
1.6% flow measurement error. Also the results reveled that the
decreasing of upstream slope and the increasing of downstream slope
would caused the discharge coefficient is increased.
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Title: |
Modeling for optimization
of urban transit system utility: A case study
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Author (s): |
M. Muthukannan and A. M.
Thirumurthy
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Abstract: |
The model for optimization of transit
system is developed by relating the demand of a mode to the aggregate
cost of travel, travel time and accessibility. Two competitive modes are
selected such as mass rapid transit system (MRTS) and Metropolitan
transport corporation (MTC) leaving other modes since they do not affect
the systems performance. The travel time cost of travel for the same
origin and destination by the two modes provides the base for the demand
estimation. The accessibility level for each mode ranked based on its
frequency of service and distance. This study deals with the development
of demand model for MRTS system in Chennai. This developed model is
found to be statically significant in explaining the variation in the
demand for travel. The model is also used for demand estimation. |
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