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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences
May 2019 | Vol. 14 No. 9 |
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Title: |
Analysis of the timber frame connection with dowel type mechanical metal
fasteners |
Author (s): |
Lenka Ponistova, David Mikolasek, Antonin Lokaj, Marek Johanides, Ondrej
Miller and Katerina Stejskalova |
Abstract: |
Timber as a material in the construction industry gets more and more
into the foreground for the construction of various structures. To
improve the properties of timber, new composite materials or new joints,
which ensure better bearing capacity and stiffness of the structure, are
developed. One of the uses of timber is, among other things, the
construction of hall buildings, where are interesting frame connections,
which are joints of the diaphragm beam and frame column. The timber
frame connections can be solved in several ways, for example by means of
glued rods, toothed - plate joints, by means of pinned joints and a
frame connection made by a V-shaped frame column. In common practice,
these are the types of joints between the diaphragm beam and the frame
column. However, the object of this article is a frame connection where
the connection of the frame column and the diaphragm beam is created by
means of the Rothoblaas VGS11400 screws, which are not normally used as
fasteners for this type of joint. The reason for choosing this fastener
is to find out how it behaves in this type of construction and to
compare it with normative documents, taking into account the use of this
type of joint in practice. |
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Title: |
Experimental studies on the performances of
AC/DC rectifier circuit on
impact-based piezoelectric energy harvester |
Author (s): |
Nur Amalina Ahmad Nawir, Amat Amir Basari and Ng Xue Yan |
Abstract: |
Recently, concerns on the energy consumption for ultra-low power energy
has been rapidly increased. Piezoelectric energy harvester suffers from
extremely huge power loss when rectifying the generated AC signal into
DC voltage. This paper demonstrates a study on enhancing the efficiency
of the interfaced rectifier circuit on Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT)
piezoelectric element, that is actuated by using just a single impact
force from a free-fall experiment. The purposes of this study is to
reduce the power losses from this harvester system during rectification
in order to increase the efficiency of the extracted output power from
piezoelectric. The enhancements have been made based on the factors that
affecting the generated output power from the piezoelectric. In this
study, the interfacing converters comes from four different types of
rectifier circuits that is optimized by varying the level of forward
voltage, V_f drop across the diode and the capacity of the filter
capacitor, C_f to match the impedances of the harvester. The enhancement
of the generated output voltage from the harvester also has been done by
altering the mechanical configuration of the set-up to increase the
vertical displacement from the impact. The performances of the system
have been analyzed and plotted into voltage and power curves. From the
experimental results, it shows that the power efficiency of the
full-wave bridge rectifier with the lowest power losses across the diode
is the highest compared to the other rectifier topologies. |
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Title: |
Decolourisation of Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) under different
physicochemical parameters by locally isolated dye degrading microbe
bacillus sp UMK DG-1 |
Author (s): |
Ooi Saw Choon Shean and Ainihayati Abdul Rahim |
Abstract: |
In this present study, a locally isolated dye degrading microbe Bacillus
sp. UMK DG-1 was investigated for its capability to decolourise Reactive
Orange 16 (RO16). The decolourisation assay was carried out under
different physicochemical parameters, namely pH, temperature, agitation,
and dye concentrations. Based on the results observed, the optimum
condition for decolourisation of RO16 is at the alkaline condition
(pH8–9), with a temperature of 37oC, and under the microaerophilic
condition. Decolourisation activity also increased when a lower
concentration of RO16 was used. Furthermore, the decolourisation of RO16
was analysed by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to see changes in the UV-Vis
spectra for untreated and decolourised RO16. |
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Title: |
Comparative evaluation of different HFCC filter-bank using
Vector
Quantization (VQ) approach based text dependent speaker identification
system |
Author (s): |
Mariame Jenhi, Ahmed Roukhe and Laamari Hlou |
Abstract: |
In the feature parameterization (FP) stages, cepstral coefficients based
Short-Term Fourier transform (STFT) have been regarded as one of the
most significant features used in speaker identification (SI) system.
The widest FP techniques used to extract this feature are the one that
attempts to replicate the psycho-acoustic properties of the human
auditory system like the currently proposed Human Factor Cepstral
Coefficients (HFCCs) based filter bank analysis, which is considered as a
modification of the well-known Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC)
approach. Typically, the HFCC process modifies the analysis of the
classic Mel scale filter bank in MFCC, using the Equivalent Rectangular
Bandwidth (ERB). In this paper, we aim to investigate the HFCC feature
extraction with varying the number of the HFCC-filter bank using 10, 20
and 40 filters, to find out how it does affect the identification
accuracy of a text-dependent speaker identification system. Furthermore,
in this stage, we evaluate the efficiency of the proposed system using
the non-parametric Vector Quantization (VQ) speaker modeling approach
based on the LBG clustering algorithm by generating
a codebooks-size
of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64. The results of the proposed work yielded
an identification accuracy rate of 100% for 40 HFCC-filter bank. |
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Title: |
Design of tapered microstrip FED printed antenna for multiband
applications |
Author (s): |
A. Sudhakar and T. V. S. Divakar |
Abstract: |
A tapered microstrip fed printed antenna operating at multi resonant
frequencies is studied. The suggested antenna resonates at frequency of
2.45 GHz with -23.8 dB return loss, 4.2 GHz with -14.6dB return loss,
9.6 GHz with -20.8 dB return loss to cover Industrial, Scientific and
Medical (ISM), radio altimeter and airborne synthetic aperture radar
(SAR) applications respectively. It is also useful in the frequency
range of WLAN applications. The suggested antenna is printed on FR4
substrate having the dimensions of 32 x 32 x 1.6 mm3. On one side of FR4
substrate, a pentagonal shaped antenna with jointed L shaped and
inverted L shaped strips is printed. On the other side we have an L
shaped partial ground structure. The dimensions of all parameters were
optimized to get the desired multi resonant frequencies using HFSS
simulation. |
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Title: |
Evaluation of geoelectrical noise in urban area: A case study in Hanoi,
Vietnam |
Author (s): |
Tran Vinh Thang, Do Trung Kien and Nguyen Duc Vinh |
Abstract: |
Geoelectrical survey usually is performed in the field scale at low
frequencies in order to reduce electromagnetic coupling effects.
However, electric noise often obscures interesting signals due to the
inherently weak received signals even it is in the range of these low
frequencies. Especially in urban area, where the culture or human
generated noises are major causes that makes the signal to be deeply
buried in noise. Evaluation of electric and electromagnetic noise in
Earth surface is necessary task to choose a suitable frequency for
acquiring the high quality geophysical data. This paper presents the
equipment and method for evaluating geoelectrical noise in campus of
Hanoi University of Science, which located in central of Hanoi, Vietnam.
By using the conventional electrodes as used in geoelectrical surveys,
an ultra-high resolution digitizer and time-frequency analysis by
Sigview software, the voltage noise can be detected at amplitude as low
as -150dB of ±2.5V full scale. The background geoelectrical noise
measured in HUS’s campus is about -100dBfs, some interference frequency
also to be evaluated. |
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Title: |
Experimental study on high performance concrete with GGBS and hybrid
fibres |
Author (s): |
L. Lanish Jafrin, C. Sudha and S. Karthiga |
Abstract: |
In this Study, the effects of High Performance Concrete (HPC) with
ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and hybrid fibres are
studied. The optimal mix of GGBS replacement to cement is found from
initial test results. The optimal mix is further tested by adding fibres
to it. Hooked end steel fibres having aspect ratio 50 and type-S finely
chopped glass fibres having flexural modulus 1.51 GPa are combined in
various levels. Steel fibres help in improving the mechanical strength
of concrete whereas glass fibres help in improving durability. The fibre
combination percentages are (0.25% Glass, 0.5% Steel), (0.25% Steel,
0.5% Glass) and (0.5% Steel, 0.5% Glass). The various test results are
compared to conventional concrete. It can be concluded from obtained
results that GGBS replacement to cement doesn’t decrease the concrete
strength and fibres provide additional strength. The compression and
tensile strength were maximum for mix containing 0.5% steel fibres and
0.5% glass fibres content. Testing of RC beams showed that fibre
addition increases load bearing capacity while reducing deflection. The
partial replacement of cement by GGBS helps in better utilization of
wastage from iron industry without compromising on concrete strength. In
addition, fibres make the strength in concrete more uniform. |
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Title: |
Mathematical modeling of novel indirect-direct evaporative cooling unit |
Author (s): |
Ahmed Abed Mohmed Saleh and Sarmad Salam Abdulrasool Talib |
Abstract: |
In this study, a mathematical model has been built to simulate two
stages, indirect and direct evaporative cooling units working on the
principle of double (indirect/direct) effect. The evaporative unit
consists of two stages; the sensible heat exchanger and the cooling
tower composing the indirect evaporative cooling, which represents the
first stage, where as the direct evaporative cooler represents the
second stage. The modeling results show the wet-bulb effectiveness is
(1.185) at 45°C system inlet dry-bulb temperature, 5 g/kg humidity
ratio, 35% air extraction rate, 0.1 L/s water flow rate and 0.425m3/s
inlet air volumetric flow rate. A maximum COP of (14.88) is recorded at
these above conditions. In addition, it is shown that the predicted
results of system COP is much higher than the measured by (6%) to (10%)
at the same performance circumstances. |
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Title: |
Prototype of forest fire suppression robotics system based on exclusion
of flame configuration from monocular video sequence |
Author (s): |
Bochkov V. S., Kataeva L. Yu., Belotserkovskaya I. E. and Ilicheva M. N. |
Abstract: |
Paper describes main software and hardware components of robotic water
cannon prototype, such as: asynchronous multithreading kernel of video
analysis, fire detection algorithm using monocular video capture, aiming
and shooting by flow of water. Fire suppression experiments with this
prototype are represented in this paper. |
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Title: |
Control based on neural networks to a multivariable hydraulic system |
Author (s): |
Faiber Robayo Betancourt, Diego F. Sendoya-Losada and Jose Salgado Patron |
Abstract: |
This work presents the control based on neural networks to a multivariable
hydraulic system, developed in the MatLab software where is intended to
control the level and the output flow of a tank by manipulating the
voltages of the actuator, voltage pump and valve. Being a multivariable
system, the Bristol method is applied for evaluating the interaction
between the variables. The interface is performed in Simulink, which
complies with the task of monitoring, control and visualization of the
system in real time. Finally, the response of the neural controller in
real time to different changes in the set-point of flow rate and level
is evaluated. As a result, a good performance is shown, considering as
parameters the steady state error and the settling time, but also
completely eliminates the overshoot of the two variables controlled of
the process. |
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Title: |
Broadband dipole antenna for DOA systems applications |
Author (s): |
Martha Gonzalez J., Carlos Suarez F. and Gustavo Puerto L. |
Abstract: |
This paper presents an antenna design with Right Hand Circular
Polarization (RHCP) for applications in estimation systems of Direction
of Arrival (DOA). The antenna is composed by orthogonal bowties dipoles
or "Bow-Tie" and it is placed in front of a ground plane, achieving a
wide impedance bandwidth and Axial Ratio (AR). The center frequency is
2.2GHz and has a 72x72x25 mm total size. Measurements results of the
implemented prototype showed a maximum gain of6.88 dBi and 42.34%
impedance bandwidth for a |S11|<-10 dB and 26.91% axial ratio for
|AR|=-3dB. |
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Title: |
Definition of Bit Error Rate on 16-channel DWDM system |
Author (s): |
Petr Ivaniga and Tomas Ivaniga |
Abstract: |
Nowadays while designing the fully optical communication system it
cannot be done without software tools simulating a real network to avoid
possible mistakes which could occur before the actual construction of
communication system. We are experiencing still higher demand on quality
and amount of transmitted data through a communication channel. A WDM
(Wavelength Division Multiplexing) system is one technology which
satisfies these requirements. This article describes the basic
definition BER (Bit Error Rate) and related Q-factor. In modern optical
communication, while creating DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division
Multiplexing) system, BER should not be dropped below 10-12 (Q-factor
approximately 7). In this paper, we will provide some experimental
results from our simulations of 16-channel DWDM system with specific
channel spacing. |
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Title: |
Case study of a fire damage assessment of a two-story structure |
Author (s): |
Mazen Musmar and Anis Shatnawi |
Abstract: |
With assessing the extent of fire damage to a two-story building
occupied by a textile factory. The slabs are composed of pretensioned
1.2m width, 9.0m length slender panels, supported by prestressed
concrete beams. The remaining structural elements are of reinforced
concrete. The study throws light upon fire investigation tools utilized
to evaluate the post fire integrity of the structure. It also describes
fire investigation techniques that track the visual evidence in the
fire-damaged structure. The study also includes estimating the peak
temperature and duration of heat. The assessment involves both field and
laboratory work to determine the severity of the damage. The work
involves nondestructive testing throughout the parts of the building
that were still in place and appear to be stable, followed by
destructive testing at some selected locations. This paper presents an
overview of how to conduct a structural evaluation of a fire damaged
structure. |
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Title: |
Experimental design of add-on regenerative system for passive engine
mount in diesel engine |
Author (s): |
A. W. W. Atmajaya, G. Jatisukamto, A. Triono and S. N. H. Syuhri |
Abstract: |
This paper proposes an add-on regenerative system for engine mounting.
Vibration on engine mounting is an energy mechanic outage that has just
wasted. Piezoelectric can change the wave on the engine mounting into
electrical energy. Regenerative system design that plug and play become
the essential concept to facilitate its application. The purpose of this
project is to get the performance of the add-on regeneration system in
reducing vibration and determine the electrical energy generated by the
regenerative operation The system's add-on regenerative design can
dampen vibration at each engine on engine mounting at several variable.
The most substantial voltage is generated by the regenerative system at
500 RPM, thickness 0,398 mm, and 8,1m/s2generated the optimum response
(vibration result: 7, 200 m/s2, voltage: 2, 878V, power: 0,029 Watt).
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Title: |
Assessment of soil erosion by (RUSLE) using
Remote Sensing and GIS case
of watershed of Beht in
upstream of Ouljat Sultan dam (MOROCCO) |
Author (s): |
E. Ait Yacine, A. Essahlaoui, F. Oudija, K. Mimich and L. Nassiri |
Abstract: |
Predicting and estimating the potential of soil erosion is extremely
important to watershed management .The advanced technology of geomatics
as Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote sensing (RS) become a
valuable source of assistance to estimate soil loss at a large area, in
faster manner, and with a consistent level of reliability. The first
objective of this work is to quantify water-soil erosion in the Beht
watershed upstream of Ouljat Sultan dams, by the Revised Universal Soil
loss Equation (RUSLE), using (GIS) and (RS). The second objective is to
elaborate the vulnerability map of soil to the erosion for a future use
in the priorities of fight against erosion in this study area.
Thereafter; a statistical analysis of results will be preceded. The
results obtained shows that the watershed of Beht is subject to high
erosion, with an average of (21.36 t/ha/year) and with an extreme value
exceeding (500t/ha/year). |
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Title: |
Design and performance analysis of time and wavelength division
multiplexed passive optical network (TWDM-PON) |
Author (s): |
Nani Fadzlina Naim, Fazryda Binti Zakaria, Suzi Seroja Sarnin and
Latifah Sarah Supian |
Abstract: |
In Fiber to the x (FTTX) system, fiber optic cable is used to connect
any broadband network architecture for last mile telecommunication
application. Next evolution of PON is called Next Generation PON Stage 2
(NG-PON2). In April 2012, The Full Service Access Network (FSAN)
announces Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM) became one of
superlative resolutions NG-PON2 implementation. In this project, a
design of TWDM that meet the requirement of NG-PON2 constructed on
International Telecommunication Union/ Telecommunication Standardization
Sector (ITU-T) was proposed. The design achieves the minimum
requirements of standard ITU-T G.989 and was simulated using Opti System
Software Tool. This project implements NG-PON2 systems at 4x10Gbps using
four different wavelengths range 1596 - 1603 nm, fiber link of 40 km and
varied the value of power optical splitter from 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16 and
1:32. Upon completion of design and simulation, the results are
evaluated in terms of optical spectrum, number of customer, optimum
received power over sensitivity, excess power margin and maximum fiber
span. The results indicate that the proposed design is suitable in
implementing TWDM-PON. |
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Title: |
Performance evaluation of sub-base granular by maps of
resistance using Grapher™
case study: Ibague, Colombia |
Author (s): |
Julian Andres Pulecio Diaz, Myriam Rocio Pallares M. and Wilson Rodriguez
Calderon |
Abstract: |
In this study, we evaluated the performance of the sub-base granular
materials of the “La Caima” and “Martínez” quarries located in Ibagué,
Colombia, using resistance maps validated with the traditional data of
optimum moisture content, maximum dry unit weight and CBR. From the
results of resistance maps made for the two quarries using the Grapher
software we concluded that the maximum value of CBR could be obtained
with moisture values lower than the optimum moisture content. We
conclude that a moisture value lower than the optimum moisture content
(obtained from the Proctor test) produces higher values of CBR, for
example, in the “La Caima” and “Martínez” quarries a higher CBR value is
obtained when the optimum moisture content is reduced by 0.5%. In first
case, CBR value increases 31.61% and the second case 24.46%. The results
obtained from the two case studies indicate that the development of
resistance maps is the most appropriate methodology to achieve a better
compaction control of the granular sub-base materials. |
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Title: |
Mobile composite application simulator as efficient learning media |
Author (s): |
Muhammad Irwan Padli Nasution, Syafaruddin, Muhammad Yafiz, Nurhayati
and Sahkholid Nasution |
Abstract: |
The development of Information Communication and Technology (ICT) has
affected on various sectors. In the field of education have been used in
the development of learning media. It is not cheaper to buy the
laboratory equipments and also the maintenance. Therefore, various
laboratory equipment used in learning media with the help of ICT can be
developed simulation application. Particularly in the field of
mechanical engineering laboratory equipment required a tools to be used
on calculations in combining or arranging the chemical properties and
physical properties of material objects, thus producing an appropriate
composite material. By using android developer can be developed
mobile-based applications that act as a simulator in terms of composite
calculation composite materials more accurate and efficient. Using this
application is improving efficiency in providing laboratory equipments
and maintenance cost. |
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Title: |
The development of piezoelectric sensor as phlegm detector in simulated
human lungs |
Author (s): |
Zakaria H. A. and Ridzuan N. I. |
Abstract: |
Detection of phlegm sounds may help to identify human with
pneumonia-related disease. However, auscultatory findings may be
subjected to clinically relevant observer variation. . Phlegm related
diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, and bronchitis is a fatal
disease if not properly diagnosed and treated. Unfortunately, until now
there is still no exact parameter to measure the intensity of phlegm in
human or animal lung infected with phlegm related illnesses. Currently,
doctors only rely on experience, anatomy knowledge, and visual cues from
x-ray images to decide on the patient lungs condition. Piezoelectric is
an electrical phenomenon where electric charges will accumulate in a
certain piezoelectric material in response to applied mechanical stress.
This study demonstrated a prototype sensor designed to have a fixed
parameter with real-time analysis to measure the phlegm intensity by
utilizing the inherent ability of piezoelectric sensor to detect
movement of phlegm substitute in simulated human lungs. The prototype is
presented with an Arduino board, a circuit, and a vacuum pump. It was
proven, that the prototype was able to detect and differentiate viscous
and runny phlegm substitute solution. This finding might be the
foundation towards accurate and digitalized detection of phlegm in human
lungs. Our result had shown that when the phlegm substitute solution was
thick and viscous, will correlate with higher voltage values as detected
by the piezoelectric sensor. In contrast, low values in voltage were
produced when less-viscous solution was present. Based on these
findings, the prototype has proved that it has the ability to measure
the intensity of phlegm with a fixed parameter. |
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Title: |
An overview of Artificial Intelligence techniques for efficient load
forecasting |
Author (s): |
Anamika Singh and Manish Kumar Srivastava |
Abstract: |
The need for electricity demand forecasting has become a significant
aspect as well as core part in facility expansion and planning
periodical operations specifically in the electricity sector. In
addition, demand pattern is significantly complex in nature as the
energy market is relatively deregulated. Hence, analyzing a significant
forecasting model that would perform a specific task is highly complex
and critical in nature. It has been analyzed that several forecasting
methods have been developed in past and presented in the literature;
however, none of them can be used for a generalized model for all demand
patterns. Furthermore, several factors influence electric load data
including economic factors, time factors, weather factors, etc which
increases the need for Artificial Intelligence techniques in the field
of load forecasting. In addition, it is essential to analyze the
irrelevant factors associated with electric load forecasting which needs
to be eliminated. This, in turn, increased the need for Artificial
Intelligence techniques for minimizing estimation error and enhances the
accuracy of forecasting. Artificial Neural Network is one of the most
important contributions in the field of load forecasting as a core
technique of Artificial Intelligence. In this paper, the review of
different techniques based on classical as well as AI techniques would
be analyzed for electric load forecasting. In addition, the explanation
of load forecasting has been also provided in a comprehensive way. |
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Title: |
IOT enabled farming assist and security
using machine learning |
Author (s): |
Nithin V., Shivam Mishra, P. Devarubiny and
S. Muthulakshmi |
Abstract: |
Farming has now become a job that is of less interest, farm lands are
being filled up and the new generation do not want to take up that job
because of reasons such as higher risk, low returns etc. Due to this
reasons we need to find an alternative to human work done in farms. This
can be done by automation which can reduce human intervention and also
providing security to the farmland which reduces the damages created by
the animals or other conditions that may affect the proper growth of the
crop. This paper concentrates to improve the security of the farmland as
well as provides assistive technology that can guide the farmer to get
the best result out from their fields. |
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Title: |
FPGA implementation of enhanced obstacles
avoidance system for robotics |
Author (s): |
Hayder A. Hussein and Muataz H. Salih |
Abstract: |
In
recent years, the interest of robots has received a large gain in
popularity. However, to navigate a robot manually requires a skilled
pilot and highly constant concentration for long duration. Therefore,
there is a strong scientific interest to develop solutions that enable
robot to navigate autonomously without constant human supervision into
various potential applications range from aerial filming over remote
visual inspection of industrial sites, surveillance and reconnaissance
purposes to military applications. Firstly, is the ability of the robot
to know where it’s located? Unlike to human, the robot needs the sensing
ability to sense the environments and find out the location. Therefore,
components like sensors need to be integrated on the robot. Examples of
these sensors include ultrasonic sensor and infrared sensor in order to
contain the sensing ability. After the ability of perceive level of the
robot to sense the environment, another problem is occur, where am I
going to and how do I go to the destination? To this, the robot must
have the ability to generate the path toward the destination and decide
which path to take. In addition, the robot also has to detect if there
any objects or obstacles when moving towards the destination and ability
to avoid from collided with the obstacles. The using of cutting-edge
FPGA DE0 Nano board will provide a portable extensive computational
platform to handle the current problem with lower complexity of design.
Moreover, the performance of the obstacle avoidance system has been
improved. There are three modules in a path planning approach - the
first generates a route to the desired location, the second detects if
there are obstacles, and the third is for collision avoidance. After
information from the sensors was received, the DE0-Nano sent proper
signals to the L293D to control robots motors. The result of this thesis
revealed that the output reading voltage of the IR sensor exhibited high
reflectivity for white colored objects compared to other colors like
black and blue. The DE0 Nano achieved a maximum operating frequency up
to 1.3 GHz and total logic elements are 6,032. This means that the robot
platform’s frequency requirements were achieved to that level. Thus,
high performance was achieved by using FPGA with multi sensors. |
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