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ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences                            May 2019  |  Vol. 14  No. 9
   
Title: Analysis of the timber frame connection with dowel type mechanical metal fasteners
Author (s): Lenka Ponistova, David Mikolasek, Antonin Lokaj, Marek Johanides, Ondrej Miller and Katerina Stejskalova
Abstract:

Timber as a material in the construction industry gets more and more into the foreground for the construction of various structures. To improve the properties of timber, new composite materials or new joints, which ensure better bearing capacity and stiffness of the structure, are developed. One of the uses of timber is, among other things, the construction of hall buildings, where are interesting frame connections, which are joints of the diaphragm beam and frame column. The timber frame connections can be solved in several ways, for example by means of glued rods, toothed - plate joints, by means of pinned joints and a frame connection made by a V-shaped frame column. In common practice, these are the types of joints between the diaphragm beam and the frame column. However, the object of this article is a frame connection where the connection of the frame column and the diaphragm beam is created by means of the Rothoblaas VGS11400 screws, which are not normally used as fasteners for this type of joint. The reason for choosing this fastener is to find out how it behaves in this type of construction and to compare it with normative documents, taking into account the use of this type of joint in practice.

   

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Title: Experimental studies on the performances of AC/DC rectifier circuit on impact-based piezoelectric energy harvester
Author (s): Nur Amalina Ahmad Nawir, Amat Amir Basari and Ng Xue Yan
Abstract:

Recently, concerns on the energy consumption for ultra-low power energy has been rapidly increased. Piezoelectric energy harvester suffers from extremely huge power loss when rectifying the generated AC signal into DC voltage. This paper demonstrates a study on enhancing the efficiency of the interfaced rectifier circuit on Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) piezoelectric element, that is actuated by using just a single impact force from a free-fall experiment. The purposes of this study is to reduce the power losses from this harvester system during rectification in order to increase the efficiency of the extracted output power from piezoelectric. The enhancements have been made based on the factors that affecting the generated output power from the piezoelectric. In this study, the interfacing converters comes from four different types of rectifier circuits that is optimized by varying the level of forward voltage, V_f drop across the diode and the capacity of the filter capacitor, C_f to match the impedances of the harvester. The enhancement of the generated output voltage from the harvester also has been done by altering the mechanical configuration of the set-up to increase the vertical displacement from the impact. The performances of the system have been analyzed and plotted into voltage and power curves. From the experimental results, it shows that the power efficiency of the full-wave bridge rectifier with the lowest power losses across the diode is the highest compared to the other rectifier topologies.

   

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Title: Decolourisation of Reactive Orange 16 (RO16) under different physicochemical parameters by locally isolated dye degrading microbe bacillus sp UMK DG-1
Author (s): Ooi Saw Choon Shean and Ainihayati Abdul Rahim
Abstract:

In this present study, a locally isolated dye degrading microbe Bacillus sp. UMK DG-1 was investigated for its capability to decolourise Reactive Orange 16 (RO16). The decolourisation assay was carried out under different physicochemical parameters, namely pH, temperature, agitation, and dye concentrations. Based on the results observed, the optimum condition for decolourisation of RO16 is at the alkaline condition (pH8–9), with a temperature of 37oC, and under the microaerophilic condition. Decolourisation activity also increased when a lower concentration of RO16 was used. Furthermore, the decolourisation of RO16 was analysed by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to see changes in the UV-Vis spectra for untreated and decolourised RO16.

   

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Title: Comparative evaluation of different HFCC filter-bank using Vector Quantization (VQ) approach based text dependent speaker identification system
Author (s): Mariame Jenhi, Ahmed Roukhe and Laamari Hlou
Abstract:

In the feature parameterization (FP) stages, cepstral coefficients based Short-Term Fourier transform (STFT) have been regarded as one of the most significant features used in speaker identification (SI) system. The widest FP techniques used to extract this feature are the one that attempts to replicate the psycho-acoustic properties of the human auditory system like the currently proposed Human Factor Cepstral Coefficients (HFCCs) based filter bank analysis, which is considered as a modification of the well-known Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) approach. Typically, the HFCC process modifies the analysis of the classic Mel scale filter bank in MFCC, using the Equivalent Rectangular Bandwidth (ERB). In this paper, we aim to investigate the HFCC feature extraction with varying the number of the HFCC-filter bank using 10, 20 and 40 filters, to find out how it does affect the identification accuracy of a text-dependent speaker identification system. Furthermore, in this stage, we evaluate the efficiency of the proposed system using the non-parametric Vector Quantization (VQ) speaker modeling approach based on the LBG clustering algorithm by generating a codebooks-size of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64. The results of the proposed work yielded an identification accuracy rate of 100% for 40 HFCC-filter bank.

   

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Title: Design of tapered microstrip FED printed antenna for multiband applications
Author (s): A. Sudhakar and T. V. S. Divakar
Abstract:

A tapered microstrip fed printed antenna operating at multi resonant frequencies is studied. The suggested antenna resonates at frequency of 2.45 GHz with -23.8 dB return loss, 4.2 GHz with -14.6dB return loss, 9.6 GHz with -20.8 dB return loss to cover Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM), radio altimeter and airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications respectively. It is also useful in the frequency range of WLAN applications. The suggested antenna is printed on FR4 substrate having the dimensions of 32 x 32 x 1.6 mm3. On one side of FR4 substrate, a pentagonal shaped antenna with jointed L shaped and inverted L shaped strips is printed. On the other side we have an L shaped partial ground structure. The dimensions of all parameters were optimized to get the desired multi resonant frequencies using HFSS simulation.

   

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Title: Evaluation of geoelectrical noise in urban area: A case study in Hanoi, Vietnam
Author (s): Tran Vinh Thang, Do Trung Kien and Nguyen Duc Vinh
Abstract:

Geoelectrical survey usually is performed in the field scale at low frequencies in order to reduce electromagnetic coupling effects. However, electric noise often obscures interesting signals due to the inherently weak received signals even it is in the range of these low frequencies. Especially in urban area, where the culture or human generated noises are major causes that makes the signal to be deeply buried in noise. Evaluation of electric and electromagnetic noise in Earth surface is necessary task to choose a suitable frequency for acquiring the high quality geophysical data. This paper presents the equipment and method for evaluating geoelectrical noise in campus of Hanoi University of Science, which located in central of Hanoi, Vietnam. By using the conventional electrodes as used in geoelectrical surveys, an ultra-high resolution digitizer and time-frequency analysis by Sigview software, the voltage noise can be detected at amplitude as low as -150dB of ±2.5V full scale. The background geoelectrical noise measured in HUS’s campus is about -100dBfs, some interference frequency also to be evaluated.

   

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Title: Experimental study on high performance concrete with GGBS and hybrid fibres
Author (s): L. Lanish Jafrin, C. Sudha and S. Karthiga
Abstract:

In this Study, the effects of High Performance Concrete (HPC) with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and hybrid fibres are studied. The optimal mix of GGBS replacement to cement is found from initial test results. The optimal mix is further tested by adding fibres to it. Hooked end steel fibres having aspect ratio 50 and type-S finely chopped glass fibres having flexural modulus 1.51 GPa are combined in various levels. Steel fibres help in improving the mechanical strength of concrete whereas glass fibres help in improving durability. The fibre combination percentages are (0.25% Glass, 0.5% Steel), (0.25% Steel, 0.5% Glass) and (0.5% Steel, 0.5% Glass). The various test results are compared to conventional concrete. It can be concluded from obtained results that GGBS replacement to cement doesn’t decrease the concrete strength and fibres provide additional strength. The compression and tensile strength were maximum for mix containing 0.5% steel fibres and 0.5% glass fibres content. Testing of RC beams showed that fibre addition increases load bearing capacity while reducing deflection. The partial replacement of cement by GGBS helps in better utilization of wastage from iron industry without compromising on concrete strength. In addition, fibres make the strength in concrete more uniform.

   

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Title: Mathematical modeling of novel indirect-direct evaporative cooling unit
Author (s): Ahmed Abed Mohmed Saleh and Sarmad Salam Abdulrasool Talib
Abstract:

In this study, a mathematical model has been built to simulate two stages, indirect and direct evaporative cooling units working on the principle of double (indirect/direct) effect. The evaporative unit consists of two stages; the sensible heat exchanger and the cooling tower composing the indirect evaporative cooling, which represents the first stage, where as the direct evaporative cooler represents the second stage. The modeling results show the wet-bulb effectiveness is (1.185) at 45°C system inlet dry-bulb temperature, 5 g/kg humidity ratio, 35% air extraction rate, 0.1 L/s water flow rate and 0.425m3/s inlet air volumetric flow rate. A maximum COP of (14.88) is recorded at these above conditions. In addition, it is shown that the predicted results of system COP is much higher than the measured by (6%) to (10%) at the same performance circumstances.

   

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Title: Prototype of forest fire suppression robotics system based on exclusion of flame configuration from monocular video sequence
Author (s): Bochkov V. S., Kataeva L. Yu., Belotserkovskaya I. E. and Ilicheva M. N.
Abstract:

Paper describes main software and hardware components of robotic water cannon prototype, such as: asynchronous multithreading kernel of video analysis, fire detection algorithm using monocular video capture, aiming and shooting by flow of water. Fire suppression experiments with this prototype are represented in this paper.

   

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Title: Control based on neural networks to a multivariable hydraulic system
Author (s): Faiber Robayo Betancourt, Diego F. Sendoya-Losada and Jose Salgado Patron
Abstract:

This work presents the control based on neural networks to a multivariable hydraulic system, developed in the MatLab software where is intended to control the level and the output flow of a tank by manipulating the voltages of the actuator, voltage pump and valve. Being a multivariable system, the Bristol method is applied for evaluating the interaction between the variables. The interface is performed in Simulink, which complies with the task of monitoring, control and visualization of the system in real time. Finally, the response of the neural controller in real time to different changes in the set-point of flow rate and level is evaluated. As a result, a good performance is shown, considering as parameters the steady state error and the settling time, but also completely eliminates the overshoot of the two variables controlled of the process.

   

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Title: Broadband dipole antenna for DOA systems applications
Author (s): Martha Gonzalez J., Carlos Suarez F. and Gustavo Puerto L.
Abstract:

This paper presents an antenna design with Right Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) for applications in estimation systems of Direction of Arrival (DOA). The antenna is composed by orthogonal bowties dipoles or "Bow-Tie" and it is placed in front of a ground plane, achieving a wide impedance bandwidth and Axial Ratio (AR). The center frequency is 2.2GHz and has a 72x72x25 mm total size. Measurements results of the implemented prototype showed a maximum gain of6.88 dBi and 42.34% impedance bandwidth for a |S11|<-10 dB and 26.91% axial ratio for |AR|=-3dB.

   

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Title: Definition of Bit Error Rate on 16-channel DWDM system
Author (s): Petr Ivaniga and Tomas Ivaniga

Abstract:

Nowadays while designing the fully optical communication system it cannot be done without software tools simulating a real network to avoid possible mistakes which could occur before the actual construction of communication system. We are experiencing still higher demand on quality and amount of transmitted data through a communication channel. A WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) system is one technology which satisfies these requirements. This article describes the basic definition BER (Bit Error Rate) and related Q-factor. In modern optical communication, while creating DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) system, BER should not be dropped below 10-12 (Q-factor approximately 7). In this paper, we will provide some experimental results from our simulations of 16-channel DWDM system with specific channel spacing.

   

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Title: Case study of a fire damage assessment of a two-story structure
Author (s): Mazen Musmar and Anis Shatnawi
Abstract:

With assessing the extent of fire damage to a two-story building occupied by a textile factory. The slabs are composed of pretensioned 1.2m width, 9.0m length slender panels, supported by prestressed concrete beams. The remaining structural elements are of reinforced concrete. The study throws light upon fire investigation tools utilized to evaluate the post fire integrity of the structure. It also describes fire investigation techniques that track the visual evidence in the fire-damaged structure. The study also includes estimating the peak temperature and duration of heat. The assessment involves both field and laboratory work to determine the severity of the damage. The work involves nondestructive testing throughout the parts of the building that were still in place and appear to be stable, followed by destructive testing at some selected locations. This paper presents an overview of how to conduct a structural evaluation of a fire damaged structure.

   

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Title: Experimental design of add-on regenerative system for passive engine mount in diesel engine
Author (s): A. W. W. Atmajaya, G. Jatisukamto, A. Triono and S. N. H. Syuhri
Abstract:

This paper proposes an add-on regenerative system for engine mounting. Vibration on engine mounting is an energy mechanic outage that has just wasted. Piezoelectric can change the wave on the engine mounting into electrical energy. Regenerative system design that plug and play become the essential concept to facilitate its application. The purpose of this project is to get the performance of the add-on regeneration system in reducing vibration and determine the electrical energy generated by the regenerative operation The system's add-on regenerative design can dampen vibration at each engine on engine mounting at several variable. The most substantial voltage is generated by the regenerative system at 500 RPM, thickness 0,398 mm, and 8,1m/s2generated the optimum response (vibration result: 7, 200 m/s2, voltage: 2, 878V, power: 0,029 Watt).

   

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Title: Assessment of soil erosion by (RUSLE) using Remote Sensing and GIS case of watershed of Beht in upstream of Ouljat Sultan dam (MOROCCO)
Author (s): E. Ait Yacine, A. Essahlaoui, F. Oudija, K. Mimich and L. Nassiri
Abstract:

Predicting and estimating the potential of soil erosion is extremely important to watershed management .The advanced technology of geomatics as Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote sensing (RS) become a valuable source of assistance to estimate soil loss at a large area, in faster manner, and with a consistent level of reliability. The first objective of this work is to quantify water-soil erosion in the Beht watershed upstream of Ouljat Sultan dams, by the Revised Universal Soil loss Equation (RUSLE), using (GIS) and (RS). The second objective is to elaborate the vulnerability map of soil to the erosion for a future use in the priorities of fight against erosion in this study area. Thereafter; a statistical analysis of results will be preceded. The results obtained shows that the watershed of Beht is subject to high erosion, with an average of (21.36 t/ha/year) and with an extreme value exceeding (500t/ha/year).

   

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Title: Design and performance analysis of time and wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network (TWDM-PON)
Author (s): Nani Fadzlina Naim, Fazryda Binti Zakaria, Suzi Seroja Sarnin and Latifah Sarah Supian
Abstract:

In Fiber to the x (FTTX) system, fiber optic cable is used to connect any broadband network architecture for last mile telecommunication application. Next evolution of PON is called Next Generation PON Stage 2 (NG-PON2). In April 2012, The Full Service Access Network (FSAN) announces Time and Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM) became one of superlative resolutions NG-PON2 implementation. In this project, a design of TWDM that meet the requirement of NG-PON2 constructed on International Telecommunication Union/ Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) was proposed. The design achieves the minimum requirements of standard ITU-T G.989 and was simulated using Opti System Software Tool. This project implements NG-PON2 systems at 4x10Gbps using four different wavelengths range 1596 - 1603 nm, fiber link of 40 km and varied the value of power optical splitter from 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16 and 1:32. Upon completion of design and simulation, the results are evaluated in terms of optical spectrum, number of customer, optimum received power over sensitivity, excess power margin and maximum fiber span. The results indicate that the proposed design is suitable in implementing TWDM-PON.

   

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Title: Performance evaluation of sub-base granular by maps of resistance using Grapher case study: Ibague, Colombia
Author (s): Julian Andres Pulecio Diaz, Myriam Rocio Pallares M. and Wilson Rodriguez Calderon
Abstract:

In this study, we evaluated the performance of the sub-base granular materials of the “La Caima” and “Martínez” quarries located in Ibagué, Colombia, using resistance maps validated with the traditional data of optimum moisture content, maximum dry unit weight and CBR. From the results of resistance maps made for the two quarries using the Grapher software we concluded that the maximum value of CBR could be obtained with moisture values lower than the optimum moisture content. We conclude that a moisture value lower than the optimum moisture content (obtained from the Proctor test) produces higher values of CBR, for example, in the “La Caima” and “Martínez” quarries a higher CBR value is obtained when the optimum moisture content is reduced by 0.5%. In first case, CBR value increases 31.61% and the second case 24.46%. The results obtained from the two case studies indicate that the development of resistance maps is the most appropriate methodology to achieve a better compaction control of the granular sub-base materials.

   

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Title: Mobile composite application simulator as efficient learning media
Author (s): Muhammad Irwan Padli Nasution, Syafaruddin, Muhammad Yafiz, Nurhayati and Sahkholid Nasution
Abstract:

The development of Information Communication and Technology (ICT) has affected on various sectors. In the field of education have been used in the development of learning media. It is not cheaper to buy the laboratory equipments and also the maintenance. Therefore, various laboratory equipment used in learning media with the help of ICT can be developed simulation application. Particularly in the field of mechanical engineering laboratory equipment required a tools to be used on calculations in combining or arranging the chemical properties and physical properties of material objects, thus producing an appropriate composite material. By using android developer can be developed mobile-based applications that act as a simulator in terms of composite calculation composite materials more accurate and efficient. Using this application is improving efficiency in providing laboratory equipments and maintenance cost.

   

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Title: The development of piezoelectric sensor as phlegm detector in simulated human lungs
Author (s): Zakaria H. A. and Ridzuan N. I.
Abstract:

Detection of phlegm sounds may help to identify human with pneumonia-related disease. However, auscultatory findings may be subjected to clinically relevant observer variation. . Phlegm related diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, and bronchitis is a fatal disease if not properly diagnosed and treated. Unfortunately, until now there is still no exact parameter to measure the intensity of phlegm in human or animal lung infected with phlegm related illnesses. Currently, doctors only rely on experience, anatomy knowledge, and visual cues from x-ray images to decide on the patient lungs condition. Piezoelectric is an electrical phenomenon where electric charges will accumulate in a certain piezoelectric material in response to applied mechanical stress. This study demonstrated a prototype sensor designed to have a fixed parameter with real-time analysis to measure the phlegm intensity by utilizing the inherent ability of piezoelectric sensor to detect movement of phlegm substitute in simulated human lungs. The prototype is presented with an Arduino board, a circuit, and a vacuum pump. It was proven, that the prototype was able to detect and differentiate viscous and runny phlegm substitute solution. This finding might be the foundation towards accurate and digitalized detection of phlegm in human lungs. Our result had shown that when the phlegm substitute solution was thick and viscous, will correlate with higher voltage values as detected by the piezoelectric sensor. In contrast, low values in voltage were produced when less-viscous solution was present. Based on these findings, the prototype has proved that it has the ability to measure the intensity of phlegm with a fixed parameter.

   

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Title: An overview of Artificial Intelligence techniques for efficient load forecasting
Author (s): Anamika Singh and Manish Kumar Srivastava
Abstract:

The need for electricity demand forecasting has become a significant aspect as well as core part in facility expansion and planning periodical operations specifically in the electricity sector. In addition, demand pattern is significantly complex in nature as the energy market is relatively deregulated. Hence, analyzing a significant forecasting model that would perform a specific task is highly complex and critical in nature. It has been analyzed that several forecasting methods have been developed in past and presented in the literature; however, none of them can be used for a generalized model for all demand patterns. Furthermore, several factors influence electric load data including economic factors, time factors, weather factors, etc which increases the need for Artificial Intelligence techniques in the field of load forecasting. In addition, it is essential to analyze the irrelevant factors associated with electric load forecasting which needs to be eliminated. This, in turn, increased the need for Artificial Intelligence techniques for minimizing estimation error and enhances the accuracy of forecasting. Artificial Neural Network is one of the most important contributions in the field of load forecasting as a core technique of Artificial Intelligence. In this paper, the review of different techniques based on classical as well as AI techniques would be analyzed for electric load forecasting. In addition, the explanation of load forecasting has been also provided in a comprehensive way.

   

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Title: IOT enabled farming assist and security using machine learning
Author (s): Nithin V., Shivam Mishra, P. Devarubiny and S. Muthulakshmi
Abstract:

Farming has now become a job that is of less interest, farm lands are being filled up and the new generation do not want to take up that job because of reasons such as higher risk, low returns etc. Due to this reasons we need to find an alternative to human work done in farms. This can be done by automation which can reduce human intervention and also providing security to the farmland which reduces the damages created by the animals or other conditions that may affect the proper growth of the crop. This paper concentrates to improve the security of the farmland as well as provides assistive technology that can guide the farmer to get the best result out from their fields.

   

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Title: FPGA implementation of enhanced obstacles avoidance system for robotics
Author (s): Hayder A. Hussein and Muataz H. Salih
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In recent years, the interest of robots has received a large gain in popularity. However, to navigate a robot manually requires a skilled pilot and highly constant concentration for long duration. Therefore, there is a strong scientific interest to develop solutions that enable robot to navigate autonomously without constant human supervision into various potential applications range from aerial filming over remote visual inspection of industrial sites, surveillance and reconnaissance purposes to military applications. Firstly, is the ability of the robot to know where it’s located? Unlike to human, the robot needs the sensing ability to sense the environments and find out the location. Therefore, components like sensors need to be integrated on the robot. Examples of these sensors include ultrasonic sensor and infrared sensor in order to contain the sensing ability. After the ability of perceive level of the robot to sense the environment, another problem is occur, where am I going to and how do I go to the destination? To this, the robot must have the ability to generate the path toward the destination and decide which path to take. In addition, the robot also has to detect if there any objects or obstacles when moving towards the destination and ability to avoid from collided with the obstacles. The using of cutting-edge FPGA DE0 Nano board will provide a portable extensive computational platform to handle the current problem with lower complexity of design. Moreover, the performance of the obstacle avoidance system has been improved. There are three modules in a path planning approach - the first generates a route to the desired location, the second detects if there are obstacles, and the third is for collision avoidance. After information from the sensors was received, the DE0-Nano sent proper signals to the L293D to control robots motors. The result of this thesis revealed that the output reading voltage of the IR sensor exhibited high reflectivity for white colored objects compared to other colors like black and blue. The DE0 Nano achieved a maximum operating frequency up to 1.3 GHz and total logic elements are 6,032. This means that the robot platform’s frequency requirements were achieved to that level. Thus, high performance was achieved by using FPGA with multi sensors.

   

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