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ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied
Sciences
December 2010 | Vol. 5 No. 12 |
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Title: |
Optimization
of axial compressor stage using NSGA-II technique |
Author (s): |
G. Chaitanya,
J. Suresh Kumar and K Srinivas |
Abstract: |
Efficiency and Stage Weight
[Inlet stage specific Area] are two important design issues
which demand specific attention in the design of aero space
compressors. In this paper these two objectives were optimized
using elitist multi objective genetic algorithm, otherwise
known as NSGA-II (Non dominated sorted Genetic Algorithm-II)
which was developed by Kalyan Moy Deb [2002]. Lingen Chen and
Fengrui Sun (2005) implemented optimum design of a subsonic
axial flow compressor stage using mean line prediction method
and taking 12 design variables and three objective functions.
In the present approach two objective functions were
formulated taking 5 design variables into account. The results
showing optimal front for the two objectives problem is
presented and the sensitivity analysis results of influencing
design variables are shown. |
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Title: |
Simple shear
behaviour of palm biodiesel contaminated soil |
Author (s): |
Chew S. J. and
C. Y. Lee |
Abstract: |
Palm biodiesel contaminations
may bring adverse effect on basic geotechnical properties of
foundation soils. This paper presents the results of an
experimental study on shear behaviour of palm biodiesel
contaminated sandy soil. A comprehensive set of laboratory
experiments have been undertaken in a direct simple shear
device on samples of palm biodiesel contaminated sandy soil.
In the experiments the soil samples were prepared by mixing
the sandy soil with B20 palm biodiesel ranging from 0% to 20%
by weight. Stress-strain and shear strength response for the
samples were monitored continuously during the experiments.
The effect of the palm biodiesel content, relative density and
normal stress on the shear behaviour of the sandy soil is
investigated and discussed. |
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Title: |
Development
of a palm nut and fibre separator |
Author (s): |
Ologunagba F.
O., Olutayo L. A. and Ale M. O. |
Abstract: |
A palm nut and fibre separator
was designed, fabricated and tested. The basic features of the
seperator are feeding chute, pulverizing unit, separating
unit, discharge outlets and the prime mover. The machine was
tested at three different machine angle of tilt (100,
200 and 300), two different levels of
moisture content termed (dry and wet) and three levels of
fibre discharge openings (5, 10 and 15mm). Test results showed
that the machine gave its best work performance with dry
mixture at 10mm fibre discharge opening and 200
machine angle of tilt. The throughput capacity, separating
efficiency and quality performance efficiency were 201.4kg/hr,
96.3% and 81.2%, respectively. The cost of producing one unit
of the palm nut and fibre separator as at the time of
fabrication was estimated to be N20,460 (twenty thousand four hundred
and sixty Naira) not including the cost of
electric motor and the power required for operating the
machine. |
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Title: |
Development
of a productivity measurement model for tea industry |
Author (s): |
R. Gupta and
S. K. Dey |
Abstract: |
India is the largest tea
producing country in the world and tea contributes 1% of the
GDP of the country, apart from providing a direct livelihood
to a large number of workers. However, in the recent past the
productivity performance of Indian tea industry has not been
very satisfactory. India’s predominance in the tea production
is on decline and this has already started showing its bad
effect on all the stakeholders. The tea industry in India must
search for a comprehensive productivity improvement strategy
to overcome the challenge of high competition from other
emerging tea producing countries like Srilanka, Kenya, China,
Bangladesh and Indonesia in the global level. As a
pre-requisite, the quest for a productivity improvement
programme follows productivity measurement. But, meticulous
literature survey reveals that no study has been undertaken so
far on the productivity measurement of a tea industry. Also,
the productivity measurement methods presented in the
literature are usually too intricate and difficult to apply.
The competency and expertise needed for their implementation
is scarce in context of Indian tea industry. With this
backdrop this paper attempts to propose a relatively simple
productivity measurement model suited to tea industry. For
this, productivity accounting model is used and suitably given
the form so as to fit to a tea industry. A case study,
conducted in a tea industry in Assam, India, to analyze the
performance of the model is presented. The study reveals that
the model is comprehensive and satisfies the six criteria of
measurement theory such as validity, comparability,
completeness, timeliness, inclusiveness and
cost-effectiveness. Further, the study reveals that the
proposed model identifies the areas of poor resource
utilization responsible for measured total productivity
decline in the tea industry. These resources are labour,
material and energy and a number of suggestions have been put
forward as a mitigating measure. |
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Title: |
Investigation
on thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of epoxy/UHWPE
blends |
Author (s): |
Shahryar
Pashaei, Siddaramaiah and Akheel Ahmed Syed |
Abstract: |
Epoxy/ultrahigh molecular
weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) blends have been prepared by
in-situ polymerization method. The effects of UHMWPE from 2.5
wt % to 10 wt % on the tensile properties of blends have been
studied. Tensile properties of blends are characterized and
were shown that content 10% UHMWPE was
effected on performance of polymer blends significantly.
Thermal characteristics of the polymer blends were determined
by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA thermogram indicated
that increased thermal stability of blends after incorporation
of UHMWPE. The DSC was shown that Tg of polymer
blends increased. The enthalpy of melting (rHm)
obtained from DSC curves was increased with increase in UHMWPE
content in epoxy matrix, due to depend on UHMWPE content in
blend systems. The rheology of polymer was envisaged by DMA is
affected on the polymer blend. The incorporation of UHMWPE
increased mechanical properties of blends. Degradation kinetic
parameters have been calculated for thermal degradation
processes using two mathematical models namely, Coats-Redfern
and Broido’s methods. Morphological behaviour of fractured
blends has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). |
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Title: |
A novel
method of evaluating low curve for SS304 from low cost
indentation experiments |
Author (s): |
A.
Kumaraswamy, B. Sridhar Babu and V. Vasudeva Rao |
Abstract: |
Static indentation and compression tests have
been conducted at a common strain rate of 10-3s-1
on SS304 heated to 1273 K held there for 30 min and
subsequently cooled in the atmosphere. In the present work an
attempt was made in evaluating the Constraint Factor (CF)
i.e., the ratio of Meyer Hardness to flow stress as a function
of average strain perusing the Meyer hardness data points and
flow stress data points at constant strain over a considerable
strain range. An attempt was also made in converting Meyer
hardness Vs average strain curve to a flow curve in uniaxial
tensile/compression test by applying CF obtained from the
literature. It has been observed that, Meyer hardness Vs
average strain curve is matching with flow curve at a CF value
of 3.06 for SS304. In addition to this, an effort is made in
evaluating the important properties like strain hardening
exponent and strength coefficient for SS304 from static
indentation and compression tests. |
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Title: |
Optical
properties modification of poly (vinyl chloride) using complexes
of 2-amino acetate benzothiazole |
Author (s): |
Ahmed Ahmed,
Tariq Najim, Jumat Salimon, Nadia Salih, Abdualbasit Graisa,
Yang Farina and Emad Yousif |
Abstract: |
The optical properties of PVC in
the region from (200-600 nm) were studied by preparing the
composites with 2-amino acetate benzothiazole complexes. The
optical data analyzed and interpreted in term of the theory of
phonon assisted direct electronic transition; it is observed
that the energy is affected by doping type of inorganic
complexes used. |
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Title: |
Effect of
convex die angle of porthole die on elastic deformation and
extrusion process in tube extrusion |
Author (s): |
Rajamamundi
Prabhu and V. S. K. Venkatachalapathy |
Abstract: |
Port hole die extrusion has a
great advantage in the forming of hollow section tubes that
are difficult to produce by conventional extrusion with a
mandrel on the stem. Because of the complicated structure of
the die assembly, the extrusion of hollow section tubes has
been investigated experimentally. During the hot extrusion of
aluminum alloy 6061, the change of process parameters will
affect the mechanical properties of extruded products. In this
study, Taguchi method is applied to optimize the process
parameters in hot extrusion of Al 6061 tubes under extrusion
ratio of 24.03. The experiments are arranged by orthogonal
array method in which Die with three channels and four
channels are used as outer arrays, the factors selected as
inner arrays are the billet heating temperature, the convex
die angle, bearing length and the container temperature. The
extrusions are subsequently tested for tensile test,
flattening test, expanding test using a conical punch, surface
finish and micro-structure. Test results are analyzed by the
quality measurement of Taguchi method to find the relationship
between the design process parameters and mechanical
properties of the products and to acquire the optimal
combination of parameter. Then based on the results obtained
from the additive model, conformity experiments are performed. |
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Title: |
Renovation
with confirmation test for vertical Francis turbine |
Author (s): |
B. Prabhakar,
H. Chandra, A. Tripathi and M. Agrawal |
Abstract: |
This paper presents confirmation
test and renovation of 4x9 MW vertical Francis turbine of
UMIAM hydro Power station situated at Shillong, Meghalaya
State of India. For this purpose before renovation of plant,
test conducted for measurement of various signatures like
pressure, temperature, speed, vibration etc. which increase
due to old age. The results show that after confirmation test
and renovation the generator output is always improved for the
parameters like guide vane servomotor stroke, vibration, shaft
run out and noise at turbine pit entrance. The result also
provides information that the overall efficiency of the plant
is increased after renovation. |
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Title: |
Molecular
interaction studies of glycylglycine in aqueous sodium halide
solutions at 303, 308 and 313k |
Author (s): |
R. Palani, S.
Balakrishnan and K. A. Sudhamani |
Abstract: |
Ultrasonic velocity, density and viscosity
have been measured for glycylglycine in aqueous sodium halide
(NaF, NaCl, NaBr) mixture (0.5m) at 303, 308 and 313K. Using
the experimental values, the adiabatic compressibility,
hydration number,
apparent molal compressibility, apparent molal volume, limiting apparent molal compressibility, limiting apparent molal
volume and their constants (SK, SV),
transfer volumes at infinite dilution and viscosity B-coefficient of Jones-Dole
equation were calculated. These parameters have been
interpreted the molecular interactions in terms of
solute-co-solute and solute-solvent interaction present in the
given solutions. |
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Title: |
On yield line
estimates of the punching strength of full panel unbonded
post-tensioned flat slabs at internal columns |
Author (s): |
Shodolapo Oluyemi Franklin
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Abstract: |
In this study, the yield line
method of analysis is used to calculate the ultimate punching
capacity of ten full panel, unbonded post-tensioned slabs, six
of which were subject to combined vertical and transfer of
moment loading. It is found that the method estimates to
within 10% the failure loads for cases involving purely
vertical loading. However the predictions for those slabs
subjected to moment transfer are not consistent. An important
consideration in this regards was the presence or otherwise of
ordinary bonded reinforcement at the critical positive moment
regions of the slabs. It is suggested that alternative
flexural mechanisms of punching failure should be utilized in
lieu of yield line theory to obtain reliable estimates of the
punching capacity. |
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Title: |
Simulation
and effect of operating variables on the overall thermal
efficiency of combined cycle power plant |
Author (s): |
Bijendra
Singh, K. P. Tyagi and Kishor Patil |
Abstract: |
Combined cycle power plant of
gas turbine topping cycle and steam turbine bottoming cycle,
are widely used due to their high efficiencies. Combined cycle
cogeneration has the possibility to produce power and process
steam more efficiently, leading to higher efficiency and
reduction in green house emission. The objective of present
work, is to simulate and analyze a natural gas fired combined
cycle cogeneration unit and to investigate the effect of
operating variables on the overall efficiency. The operating
variables include compressor inlet temperature, gas turbine
inlet temperature, exhaust temperature of gas, inlet
temperature of steam and pinch point. |
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Title: |
Investigation
on thermal, mechanical and morphological behaviours of organo
nanoclay incorporated epoxy nanocomposites |
Author (s): |
Shahryar
Pashaei, Siddaramaiah and Akheel Ahmed Syed |
Abstract: |
A series of epoxy nanocomposites
have been prepared with varying compositions viz., 0, 1, 3,
and 5 wt % organically modified montmorillonite (MMT) clay.
The effects of MMT nanoclay content on the physico-mechanical
and thermal properties of epoxy nanocomposites have been
studied. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) have been employed to
investigate the thermal characteristics and their mode of
thermal degradation. The TGA thermograms of nanocomposites
exhibits higher decomposition temperature behaviours compared
to the pristine epoxy. It was found that the thermal
degradation of all epoxy nanocomposites takes place in one
step. All the nanocompsoites were stable upto 221 °C. The
thermal degradation kinetic parameters of the composites have
been calculated using two mathematical models namely, Coats-Redfern
and Broido’s methods. The rheology
of polymer was envisaged by DMA is affected on the
polymer nanocomposite. Morphological behavioours of epoxy/o-MMT
nanocomposites assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
method. |
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Title: |
Influence of
magnetic field and heat transfer on peristaltic flow of Jeffrey
fluid through a porous medium in an asymmetric channel |
Author (s): |
C. Vasudev,
U. Rajeswara Rao, M. V. Subba Reddy and G. Prabhakara Rao |
Abstract: |
In this paper, we studied the effects of heat
transfer and magnetic field on the peristaltic flow of a
Jeffrey fluid through a porous medium in an asymmetric channel
under the assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds
number. Expressions for the velocity and pressure gradient are
obtained analytically. The effects of Hartmann number, Darcy
number, phase shift, Jeffrey fluid parameter and upper and
lower wave amplitudes on the pumping characteristics and the
temperature field are discussed through graphs in detail.
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