Perfect shuffle algorithm for cryptography

Ernastuti

The problem of protecting the messages from the hackers is usually solved by cryptographic methods. This led to create various algorithms of encryption and decryption. This paper proposes the new algorithm based on perfect shuffle technique. It is called Perfect Shuffle Crypto Algorithm (PSCA) which is classified as a transposition or permutation technique in the crypto system. The PSCA is an asymmetry key encryption, uses a pair of keys, that are a public key for encrypting data, and a corresponding private secret key for decrypting. PSCA is very fast and simple for technical realization. For the linear plaintext length of N=2ⁿ, it will take O (N log N) to complete both encrypting plaintext and decrypting cipher text.  The PSCA is reasonably secure, especially for chipertext-only attack. It is enable to apply  PSCA as an  basic algorithm alternative  to  develop or create an crypto algorithm  which employ the layered scheme.

Combinatorial gray code for generating tree of permutation with two cycles

Sulistyo Puspitodjati, Henny Widowati, Asep Juarna and Djati Kerami

Combinatorial Gray Code is a listing of all considered combinatorial objects so that every two successive objects differ in some pre-specified way. This paper concerns of a combinatorial class namely permutations with two cycles. In our research these permutations have been developed using generating tree. The generating tree is then coded, and listing the node of this tree will be shoed as a Gray code. In this paper we proposed a new combinatorial Gray code. We give the construction of the Gray code for this coded generating tree of generating permutation with two cycles. The Gray code will be measured by its Hamming distance in order to show that it is a Gray code.

Discovering sequential disease patterns in medical databases using freespan mining and prefikspan mining approach

Dr. Soetomo General Hospital had computerized their system to stored inpatient’s history. With lots of data to be analysis, one of the needs is a decision support system in order to anticipate the spread of the disease. Therefore the hospital need a system to provide the sequential pattern of disease. One of the sequential pattern mining algorithm is pattern growth based approach. The result is sequential pattern of disease from particular area in a time period based on inpatient’s history. Input from user are time period, minimum support, province, and multi-dimensional. The system built with Java Net Beans 6.7 and Oracle 10g. This research showed that FreeSpan and PrefikSpan produce the same output. However, FreeSpan is more appropriate for dr. Soetomo General Hospital because the proccesing time is faster.

Heroic battle of Surabaya application based on android

The limitation of teaching media that using current method such as book, white board, etc. now have a new problem to get student attention and interest to learn. Meanwhile, within the progress of electronic technology especially mobile device, enhanced access to any information for everyone. Therefore, in this research we like to integrated mobile based learning that cover any learner style (visual auditory kinaesthetic) so can improve student attention and interest to learn. This mobile based learning application will dedicated for learn nation history, especially heroic battle 10 November 1945 in Surabaya. This application will give the information such as battle history, battle historical location information include location photo gallery and tagging information on a Google Map, video, sound, and quiz, to provide a thorough understanding of fascinating history from the events surrounding the battle. And to improve learning process for student and also for more interesting, this application also provides Global Positioning System (GPS) connection to get position of the user and using it to get direction to historical location using Google Map. This application will provide a list of locations that have been visited by the user (by GPS detector) that also unlocked a new feature of this application, so user not only read about the historic sites but also can explore all the historic sites in Surabaya and found fascinating city of Surabaya. For improvement, we proposed a way to download and update content using zip file technology so user not need to upgrade entire application to add content. This result from this research will evaluate using questionnaire to 200 respondents with a variety of ages and educational backgrounds, to found the user opinion about this application.

Analysis of the impact of information technology investments-a survey of Indonesian universities

Abstract:

In recent years, the utilization of information technology has been magnificently increased in service industries, particularly, education institution, which by using Information Technology related products such as academic information system and learning management system. In Indonesia, universities invest enormous resources in information technology (IT), with little evidence of the latter’s effectiveness. Stakeholders struggle with gauging how effective or ineffective making these investments truly is, given the lack of instruments of measurement by which to establish, for instance, an internal rate of return or a period of recovery on investments. This paper investigates the impact of investment in information technology on the return on assets (ROA) of selected private universities in Indonesia for the period 2008 - 2014 using Adapted Information Economics. By using this method, it is possible to implement into other university. Primary and secondary data were collected during this research. The study recommends that universities should increase investments in software, hardware and infrastructure which will enhance their Management Information System and profitability.

Interactive game design for learning of united nusantara in the majapahit era

Liliana, Erandaru, Gregorius Satia Budhi and Silvia Rostianingsih

Abstract:

Know the national history is important to develop patriotism. Nowaday, young generations have less interest on learning national history. It needs creative media to deliver the content of history to them. If history is packed as film, picture book, animation or a popular media lately, computer game, it will be easier to be learn. Observing the need to introduce Indonesian National history especially to young generation, in this research will be developed a learning scheme through an interesting media, computer game. In designing game which adopt some important aspects in history, game play and story board plays a significant role. This game will contain three aspects socio-cultural, government and economy. These aspects are selected because represents modern Indonesia’s condition. They are diverse ethnic groups, archipelago country and similar economic as living support. Socio-cultural aspect will be represented by daily activities and public buildings. Governmental aspect will be represent by arrange territory and military. Economy aspect will show agriculture, trading and mining. This game is a strategy turn based game because the main goal of this game is to unity the entire island in nusantara (Indonesia). Since every player can make different strategy, this game can yield different results. This situation limits delivering history content. Socio-cultural, governmental and economy aspect are not depend on chronology. Thus, these aspects can be represented in the game appropriately. To limit the wide area of nusantara and the long history since the first king of Majapahit until the last king, this game is limited until entire nusantara island are conquered. This time is about King Hayam Wuruk era.

Implementation of wireless mobile sensor based on fuzzy logic control for LPG GAS pipeline leakage monitoring

Riny Sulistyowati and Kunto Aji

The main purpose of the leakage detection system on a gas pipeline is to give a warning of the dangers related to a gas leak that could endanger human lives and cause material loss. There is a wide range of gas detection systems used to provide an early detection and warning in the event of a leak in a gas pipeline, one of which that is wired monitoring system. However, in its implementation, the wired-based monitoring system has many shortcomings. To overcome the disadvantages of the wired monitoring system, a wireless-based sensor network in detecting and monitoring gas pipelines is applied in this study by implementing mobile sensors as key components of the data collection. LPG mobile sensors used in this study are equipped with a pipe tracking algorithm based on fuzzy logic control algorithm, so they can easily track and monitor the installation of a gas pipeline. Fuzzy logic control achieves a success rate of 70%. The overall system testing results in the average error of 18.5%, indicating that the mobile wireless sensors can already detect leakage in LPG gas pipelines.

Hari Agus Sujono and  Muhammad Rivai

Abstract:

It has been developed a vapor identification system using gas sensor array and Support Vector Machine (SVM) pattern recognition. Sensor array consists of several quartz resonator sensors coated with different polymer materials in order to have a specific pattern to the vapor. In this study, the Field Programmable Gate Array was used as counters and other functions to interface the sensor array with a computer. Frequency change was measured by a counter with a period of one second. Vapors used in the experiment were kerosene, methanol, gasoline and alcohol. The data analysis was taken from the frequency changes after vapor injection. Sensors were cleaned to get the initial condition using nitrogen gas. For vapor data collecting, the measurements were performed eight times for each sample. The set of digital data was then stored as a database. Principle Component Analysis was used to visualize the performance of the sensor array to discriminate each vapor. The set of vapor pattern obtained by the sensor array was then identified by SVM algorithm. Experiment results showed that the SVM could identify each vapor with a success rate of 97.2%. The results of this study will be used for further research to detect the low concentrations of vapors contained in human breath for medical diagnoses.

Internet-based applications to help design security system in the organization

Agustinus Noertjahyana, Ibnu Gunawan and David Lawrence Kusuma

Abstract:

This paper presents the results of research related to the development of the design of security systems in an organization. So many functions of management is done with the help of the internet. However, there is still many IT staff in organizations that do not pay attention to an important aspect of security. So that the IT staff is still focused on the development of applications that support operations, but have not thought about the need for a security system. IT staff are just beginning to realize how important the security system for the application when it attacks both from outside and within the organization. IT staff often do not know where to start to make a security system design. For those reasons, research on how to design a security system becomes a necessity for organizational IT staff to be able to take precautions against an attack that will appear later. The purpose of this research is to help IT staff to be able to design a security system from the planning phase, implementation phase, and phase control. This study uses a framework based on the 10 CISSP domains that will be implemented in an application.  By applying CISSP framework into the application, the expected results of this research are useful to assist organizations in determining security priorities, the results are in the form of an application that contains the planning, implementation, and monitoring of any design project security system in the organization.

Open protocol framework for telepresence robot

Petrus Santoso and Handry Khoswanto

Abstract:

Research on telepresence robot has a lot of unexplored potential. Many researches have been done to pursue development on telepresence robot. Most of the researchers usually buy a commercial telepresence robot or build a special purpose one. Usually the needed protocol is developed from scratch. The developed system seldom has interoperability between each other and the process can be costly or lengthy. To expedite research process on telepresence robot development, this paper tries to present an open protocol framework for telepresence robot. The framework will consist of architecture definition, service specification and protocol specification. An implementation of open protocol framework has been simulated. A working hardware prototype that implemented the framework also has been built and tested. The result shows that the open protocol framework is useful and easy to implement. All the implemented protocol functions working properly. The function call of the SPs can be configured according to the needed parameters.

Pakar-ukm - expert system for smes using dynamic knowledge base

Mohammad Iqbal, Sigit Widiyanto, Haydan Mardhi Fadlillah and Herry Susanto

The rapid developments in the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) opens wide opportunities for Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs)  in Indonesia to be able improving its performance in producing, marketing and even to conduct business planning by analyzing patterns of every days business transactions. Additionally, ICT costs in Indonesia are getting cheaper, and the changes of SMEs activist perception that ICT can be improve the performance of their business had increase the value of their confidence towards more intensive the adoption of ICT in their works. However, the adoption of ICT process is still experiencing obstacles such as a lack of expertise and skill in producing or managing advanced technology in line with business needs. One solution is the assistance offered by the ICT practicing, to get a optimal solution, So the ICT is not only used for business operational purposes only, but furthermore can be used as business Intelligence function for SME business development planning. This study was a meta-analysis of the behavior patterns the adoption of ICT by SMEs in Indonesia from individual studies that have been done before. Based-on that study, we designing a business intelligence system that best suits to the characteristics of SMEs business behavior were found. In general, the expert system can be use as the most suitable method for SMEs in Indonesia, and in this study, we have accomplished developing a prototype of expert system with a dynamic knowledge based using data mining by doing a classification and web crawling to generate high quality results to accommodate decision making for small and medium enterprises..

A low power low noise COMS amplifier for portable ECG monitoring application

Jun Giap Lau and Arjuna bin Marzuki

A low power and low noise front end chopped instrumentation amplifier for portable electrocardiogram recording system is presented. The circuit is based on the chopper technique which is implemented using folded cascode structure that has significant lower power consumption than the predecessor’s approaches while keeping the performance unchanged. The chopper switches modulate noise from a low frequency into a higher frequency range, then demodulates back to original signal before filtering the unwanted effect by a low pass filter. The circuit is designed based on SILTERRA 0.18 µm CMOS technology process using VIRTUOSO CADENCE. The simulated results of the amplifier show ultra-low power of 5.51 µW and low noise of 17.2 µV/√Hz at 10 Hz. High differential voltage gain of 54.5 dB and 71 dB in CMRR are achieved.

A nurse following robot with high speed kinect sensor

This paper highlights on the development of a nurse following robot. A Nurse following robot is a personal robot to help the nurse to do their jobs every day. This robot will follow the nurse from bed to bed while carrying belongings such patients’ medical files, medicine and other equipment. The tracking system has been designed using a high speed vision system, which is Kinect sensor for Xbox 360 video games. The Kinect sensor uses the human skeleton tracking method to track the position and distance of the nurse. The human skeleton tracking method has the ability to distinguish a person and other object without confusing it. All the information about the position and distance of the nurse will be synchronized with the whole system of the robot. A laptop is used in this research to process the data from the Kinect sensor and transferred to the microcontroller. The robot has also been equipped with obstacle avoidance system to sense obstacles around it while following the nurse. The robot is able to follow the nurse either in straight or curve part without losing him/her. It is also designed for indoor application due to limitation of Kinect sensor capabilities.

Feature-based support generation for optimum part deposition orientation in FDM

Khairul Fauzi Karim, D. Hazry, Abdul Halim Zulkifli, S. Faiz Ahmed, M. Kamran Joyo, Zuradzman M. Razlan, Khairunizam Wan and Shahriman AB Bakar

Support generation is the key technology for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) machine. It is dependent on part deposition orientation. Various part deposition orientation results in formation of different support and non-support features. Present work focuses on extracting the support features containing Externally-Supported Features (ESF) which is able to determine the volume and number of support structure. These information are utilized to obtain the optimum part deposition orientation. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used to determine the optimum solution. Predictions of the present methodology are in agreement with the results published earlier. The methodology proposed in this work is used to obtain the optimum part deposition orientation automatically and can be implemented in FDM technology.

New embedded computing architecture using heterogeneous processors for fast processing and lower complexity

Muataz Hameed Salih, R. Badlishah Ahmed, L.A. Hassnawi, R. Kh. Al-Janabi and Omar. F. Yousif

When it comes to communicating between processors in a Multi-Computing system, there are many choices. Exotic architectures are available with tens to hundreds of cores. This allows plentiful processing power to be utilized on problems. However, how to retain the cores feed with data? Core is a wasted resource when idle. Both of bandwidth between resources and latency incurred in transfers are performance concern. That can significantly affect the bandwidth for small transfers and can also make the system-transfer function exceed its design requirements for real-time operation. The solution to this problem lies in multi-level of computing architecture. A new architecture at SoC and chip level is designed and implemented to come up with high-performance embedded multi-computing architecture for AUV. It will be based on FPGA technology that will be as computing unit and router for other processing units as well. The designed architecture provides a concurrent environment for programming and testing. Furthermore, numerous FPGA mega core modules are provided to easily verify the targeted problem, address processing issues and balance data movement with processing power. The outputs and deliverables from the designed architecture are manifold in terms of performance and throughput accuracy; covering a sensing area of over 95%. The designed architecture seeks to provide dynamic reconfigurable platform with the knowledge and tools needed to improve in today's academic, research, industry environment and realistic applications.

Three descriptions of scalar quantization system for efficient data transmission

Hui Ting Teo, Mohd Fadzli bin Mohd Salleh

This paper introduces a new three descriptions data transmission for multiple description scalar quantization (MDSQ) system using the designed index assignment of k = 2. This paper focus on improving the reconstructed image in terms of PSNR for the central decoder and to reduce the central distortion. Analysis of the system with different value of k is also carried out. The three descriptions system requires three encoders and at the receiver requires one central decoder and six side decoders. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed three description MDSQ scheme out performs the ordinary two descriptions MDSQ scheme.

A low-power double balanced oscillator mixer design in 90nm COMS technology

Satish reddy N and S. SatheeshKumar

CMOS Scaling technologies are the main caused for great impact on Analog design. The most severe affect is the reduction in the voltage supply. A double balanced down conversion oscillator mixer using 90 nm CMOS technology is proposed in this work. This oscillator mixer consists of an individual mixer stacked on a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The proposed stacked structure allows entire mixer current to be reused by the VCO cross-coupled pair to reduce the total current consumption of the individual VCO and mixer. Using individual supply voltages and eliminating the tail current source, the stacked topology requires low supply voltage. The DC power consumed by the oscillator is 1.7 mW and mixer is 0.2 mW. The power consumed by discrete structures is high when compared to the proposed stacked structure. At 4.2 GHz a voltage gain of 39 dB and an IIP3 is -12.4 dBm are measured at a supply voltage of 0.9V and with a power consumption of only 1.9 mW.

Implementation wastes in construction

Heydar Hashemi, Nima Haj Mohammad Hassani Mamaghani and Mojtaba Daei

The history of investigation on waste mainly revolves around the recycling of the waste, reusing the waste materials, and the effect of waste on environment. No considerable studies have dealt with the identification of the causes of waste. In the present study, the development of waste has been categorized in three groups of 1. Waste due to designing, 2. Waste due to implementation, and 3. Waste due to utilization. This study focuses on the waste due to implementation. It provides a redefinition of construction waste. Overpopulation and the decrease of resources require a correct and wise use of them. In all countries, a huge amount of the national capital is devoted to construction that signifies the importance of investigations on waste to minimize it in the construction projects. The present study aims to introduce the causes of waste, and to present a checklist to control and minimize it.

The common-rail fuel injection technique in turbocharged Di-diesel-engines for aircraft applictions

Luca Piancastelli, Leonardo Frizziero and Giampiero Donnici

In the activity of injection mapping optimization, a good degree of knowledge on how a common rail injection works is strictly necessary. This paper is aimed to summarize the basic knowledge about turbocharged Common Rail Direct-injection Diesel engines (CRDID). It is possible to use automotive CRDIDs on aircrafts and helicopter; however their use is very different for the original car installation. For this reason a complete rethinking of the engine and the way the engine control is performed is strictly necessary. For this reason the engine should be reprogrammed for the new application. To perform this activity it is strictly necessary to know how the original automotive application works. This paper is aimed to this objective, in order to point out the differences with the automotive installation and the new optimization functions. The combustion process of turbocharged CRDID, equipped with high pressure common-rail fuel injection systems, with different boost pressures, injection pressures, and fuel quantities are introduced. The influence of the injection and the swirl mode on the ignition delay and the flame propagation is analyzed. The sac hole nozzles with a variable number of holes and different injector types (electromagnetic/piezoelectric) are also briefly described. An experimental analysis of the combustion process is briefly discussed along with spray penetration, dispersing angle, velocity, the distribution/evaporation of the fuel droplets, ignition delay, ignition location, combustion progression. The applied swirl has not an influence on the spray penetration, but it is extremely important for the ignition and the combustion process. On the contrary the swirl itself is reduced by the injected amount of high pressured fuel. The droplet turbulence increases from the center of the combustion chamber of the spray radial rapidly decreases. The difference in the combustion of CRDIDs, traditional diesel engines and spark ignition engine is also briefly discussed. Finally the difference from automotive and aircraft and helicopter CRDIDs, from the combustion tuning point of view is discussed. Optimum combustion (and mapping) is also introduced as basic concepts.

Pressure and pressure derivative analysis for triple-porosity and dual-permeability systems in naturally fractured VUGGY reservoirs

Freddy Humberto Escobar, Rodolfo Gabriel Camacho and Juan Diego Rojas

Novel and sophisticated mathematical models for describing transient pressure behavior in heterogeneous hydrocarbon-bearing formations are introduced almost daily in the literature; however, there is a gap between the model release and its use in commercial software so engineers have to write computer codes and use non-linear regression in order to interpret pressure test data. In some cases, this is not practical because either the analyst is lacking of computer coding abilities and/or time to do the job. Then, it surges the need of providing a practical interpretation technique to facilitate the interpreter’s milestone. In this paper, we extend the TDS methodology for characterization of heterogeneous naturally fractured vuggy reservoirs with triple porosity and double permeability. This interpretation methodology is based upon finding the “fingerprints” found on the pressure and pressure derivative versus time to obtain expressions for the estimation of such parameters as dimensionless storativity coefficients, _v and _f for the systems of fractures and vugs and, also, the interporosity flow parameters: matrix - fracture, matrix - vugs, fractures - vugs, _mf, _vf, and _mv. The mathematical expressions proposed were verified successfully by simulating synthetic pressure tests, where very good adjustments between the calculated results and the values used as input data for the simulations were found. Although, one field case was worked, the agreement was not so good since part of the input data was assumed.

A study on distributed data mining frameworks

Srimathi C, M. Subaji, Anu Soosan Baby and Deepu Raveendran

Distributed Data Mining is an interesting research community with respect to next generation of computing platform such as SOA, Grid and Cloud etc. and important paradigms such as Peer to Peer. There are mainly three types of Distributed Data Mining algorithms: DDM based parallel data mining agent, DDM based on mete learning, DDM based on Grid. In this paper analyses the key issues in Distributed Data Mining and a detailed survey on three kinds of DDM algorithms, its performance and its various pros and cons. The paper finally comes with an essential characteristics needed for a good DDM algorithm.

Analysis of variable speed PFC chopper fed BLDC motor drive

A. Jeya Selvan Renius, K. Vinoth Kumar, A. Arnold Fredderics and B. Raja Guru

This paper provides the detailed analysis of the DC-DC chopper fed Brushless DC motor drive used for low-power applications. The various methods used to improve the power quality at the ac mains with lesser number of components are discussed. The most effective method of power quality improvement is also simulated using MATLAB Simulink. Improved method of speed control by controlling the dc link voltage of Voltage Source Inverter is also discussed with reduced switching losses. The continuous and discontinuous modes of operation of the converters are also discussed based on the improvement in power quality. The performance of the most effective solution is simulated in MATLAB Simulink environment and the obtained results are presented.

Tasks scheduling technique using league championship algorithm for makespan minimization in IAAS cloud

Shafi’i Muhammad Abdulhamid, Muhammad Shafie Abd Latiff and Ismaila Idris

Makespan minimization in tasks scheduling of infrastructure as a service (IaaS) cloud is an NP-hard problem. A number of techniques had been used in the past to optimize the makespan time of scheduled tasks in IaaS cloud, which is propotional to the execution cost billed to customers. In this paper, we proposed a League Championship Algorithm (LCA) based makespan time minimization scheduling technique in IaaS cloud. The LCA is a sports-inspired population based algorithmic framework for global optimization over a continuous search space. Three other existing algorithms that is, First Come First Served (FCFS), Last Job First (LJF) and Best Effort First (BEF) were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. All algorithms under consideration assumed to be non-preemptive. The results obtained shows that, the LCA scheduling technique perform moderately better than the other algorithms in minimizing the makespan time of scheduled tasks in IaaS cloud.

An illustrative visualization framework for 3d vector fields using streamtubes and streamribbons

Paper cancelled

High performance of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane: effect of polymer concentration

Sofiah Hamzah, Nora’aini Ali, Marinah Mohd Ariffin, Asmadi Ali and Abdul Wahab Mohammad

Utilization of synthetic polymeric membrane in the downstream processing of enzyme production is now well accepted due to its effectiveness and ability to generate high yield of product. This study aimed to investigate the effects of polymer concentrations and membrane surface modification on morphology and performance of ultrafiltration membranes for trypsin separation. Three membrane solutions with different polymer concentration of Polysulfone (15% [PSf 15], 17% [PSf 17] and 19% [PSf 19]) were used to prepare asymmetric flat sheets membranes via a simple dry/wet phase inversion technique. The data obtained shows that the permeability coefficient decreased with increasing polymer concentrations. PSf 15 membrane which showed the highest flux and trypsin transmission was subjected to membrane surface modification by chitosan solution.

Hydrology and water quality of traditional rainwater harvesting drinking water pond at samuthirapatty village, dindigul district, Tamil Nadu

C. Mohamed Farook, P. Mariappan and T. R. Neelakantan

Shortage of water is a cause of concern throughout the world especially in developing and under-developed countries. India has already become water stressed country. Rainwater harvesting has been in practice around the world since ancient days. Traditional rainwater harvesting structures present exhibit the existence of such practice in India. Rainwater harvesting ponds, called as ‘Oorany’ in Tamil language, are prevalent and are being used for drinking purpose in part of Dindigul District, Tamilnadu State, India. Samuthirapatty is a rural village in Natham block, Dindigul district has one such pond, which was established three century back. An attempt has been made to study the hydrological and physico-chemical parameters of Samuthirapatty pond. The capacity of the pond is 23.53 million litres. Runoff potential estimation indicates that the rainfall excess works to 321.48 million litres over one square kilometre of area for the 50-year mean monthly rainfall. The present annual drinking water demand of Samuthirapatty is 23.50 million litres. Pond water is very soft with the total dissolved salts of 58 mg/L. Excess iron, turbidity and fecal coliform render the water unsafe for drinking. Pond water enjoys palatability and is the preferred choice for drinking and cooking. Promotion of point-of-use (POU) water treatment system with community education may render the system sustainable. These type of ponds may be rejuvenated and will be very helpful to ensure water security as supplementary sources.

Modeling of new high voltage power supply with three-phase character for microwaves generators with one magnetron by phase under matlab simulink code

M. Bassoui, M. Ferfra, M. Chraygane, M. Ould Ahmedou, N. Elghazal and B. Bahani

This original work treat  the modeling of the new model of three-phase high voltage power supply for microwaves generators with one magnetron by phase under MATLAB SIMULINK code. The design of this system is composed of new three-phase transformer supplying by phase a cell doublers composed of a capacitor and a diode. Each cell in turn, supplies a single magnetron. The modeling of this new model of power supply pass obligatory by the modeling and de dimensioning of its own three-phase transformer with magnetic shunt which ensures the stabilization of the anodic current in each magnetron. This model was tested with the help of MATLAB SIMULINK code. The electrical signal obtained (voltages and currents) are curves of various sizes, periodic, non-sinusoidal and dephasing by (2 π /3) between them. These signals have the same form as those of experimental and simulated of conventional power supply using a single phase transformer for one magnetron.

Design and implementation of improved area efficient weighted modulo 2n+1 adder design

Dhanabal R, Roshni Gunerkar and Bharathi V

In this, we proposed improved area - efficient weighted modulo 2ⁿ+1 adder. This is achieved by modifying existing diminished-1, weighted modulo 2ⁿ + 1 adder to incorporate simple correction schemes .Proposed adder is designed using area efficient parallel prefix structure and carry select adder. Proposed adder can produce modulo sums within the range (0,2ⁿ) that is more than the range (0, 2n-1) produced in existing diminished-1 modulo 2ⁿ+1 adders. Modular  adder is designed using verilog HDL and implemented using 45 nm technology and the area required by the proposed adder is lesser than the existing diminished-1,weighted modulo 2ⁿ+1 adder.

Alleviation of line overloads under contingencyby optmal utilisation of facts devices using evolutionary computation techniques

R. Medeswaran and N. Kamaraj

This paper proposes the evolutionary computational techniques for determining the most suitable locations and settings for installing the Flexible AC Transmission (FACTS) devices, Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitors (TCSC) and Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC), to eliminate line overloads under single contingency in a power system. The mostly affected lines of the system during single line outage are ranked using an index called Contingency Severity Index. To find the best locations among the ranked lines to install the FACTS devices, and to determine the settings of those devices, an optimization problem is formulated and solved using two evolutionary computation techniques, real coded Genetic Algorithm (RGA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The reactance model for TCSC and the decoupled model for UPFC are considered for this work. Simulated Binary Crossover (SBX) and Non-uniform polynomial mutation are employed to improve the performance of the Genetic Algorithm used. Simulations are performed on IEEE 6-bus, 30-bus and 118-bus   test systems. The results are compared in terms of improved system security before and after placing the FACTS devices and the performance of both techniques are analyzed.

A method of side-peak mitigation applied to binary offset carrier modulated GNSS signals tracking applied in GNSS receivers

Hung Pham Viet, Chien Dao Ngoc and Khang Nguyen Van

In this study, a new method of signal tracking technique in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is proposed. It is based on a combination of the autocorrelation function (ACF) with another cross correlation function in order to eliminate or reduce the power of the side peaks in ACF of Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) modulated signals. These types of modulated signals are adopted by both GNSSs like the modernized Global Positioning System (GPS) and Galileo. Moreover, this method still keep the sharp of main peak of ACF in order to maintain the advantage of BOC(n,n) signals in code tracking and multipath mitigation. In the proposed method, the output of the discriminator in delay tracking loop has no false lock point. The performance of multipath mitigation of the proposed method is better than Narrow Correlator method. The good performance of the proposed scheme in multipath mitigation has been tested using simulation results.

A survey on applications of evolutionary techniques in web service selection

K. Mohan and C. Kalaiarasan

Selecting best services over internet has remained an issue for the community of researchers who concern with the problem of selecting best services. The advances in the area of service selection in terms of quality have empowered the ability to host the artificial intelligence with the use of soft computing techniques for selecting web services dynamically in a timely manner. In this paper we study and analyze the performance of soft computing techniques including evolutionary algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm optimization, Ant Colony optimization and Memetic algorithm for selecting the suitable service on a travel domain space by considering the quality parameters. The results obtained in this extensive study are compared and analyzed based on their performance metrics.

The analysis of strata form in holographic emulsion and a view of an image reconstructed with a Fourier-hologram

A.G. Prygunov, S.A. Sinjutin, A.A. Prygunov and E.S. Sinjutin

This paper examines the process of image reconstruction with volume Fourier-hologram and Fourier semi-transparent reflective hologram used in optical interferometer on the basis of spatial-spectral method of the holographic interferometry. The paper describes the configuration of strata in emulsion of holograms of this type. We have obtained the mathematical expression allowing calculating numbers of strata in a Fourier-hologram emulsion. The relation for a cumulative distribution function of space frequencies of reflection is also illustrated herein. It has been demonstrated that, with the placement of reflective mirror in immediate proximity behind the semi-transparent reflective-type Fourier-hologram and under a small angle to it, the interferogram in the form of elliptic-shaped strata is formed on a screen placed in front of this Fourier-hologram. It has been established in mathematical terms that for a mirror placed behind hologram, increase of mirror inclination angle in relation to the hologram results in reduction of linear dimensions of a central light spot and in increment of elongation of image ellipses. Interference holography can be used in the optical system of fiber-optic gyroscope (FOG). Processing interference pattern with FOG hologram increases the resolution of FOG to order and more, which in turn allows you to either improve the accuracy of the device while preserving the length of the optical fiber in a coil, or reduce the length of the optical fiber at a lower resolution of FOG. Both approaches allow to reduce the cost of FOG and accordingly to make it acceptable to use civilian vehicles.

Design, study and optimization of a semiautomatic pasta cooker for coffee shops and the like

Luca Piancastelli and Leonardo Frizziero

The advantage to have an automatic pasta machine that cooks dry semolina pasta automatically seems to be several, ranging from energy consumption to freshness and taste. However these machines have proved to be highly problematic. Several problems of pasta cooking machines are diffusively discussed. Also several automatic pasta machine patents are briefly described. The machine described herein is conceived for coffee shop where a hot water reservoir and an operator are available. This makes it possible to simplify the machine and improve the safety of use. Several technical solutions are analyzed in this paper. Energy concepts and concerns are also discussed. Different technical solution to achieve the best compromise between cost, functionaly and safety are introduced. Several fashionable designs are analysed and introduced in this paper. At the end a very simple "rocket" patented machine is described. This machine can cook the special patented "geared spaghetti" in less than a minute and every other type of spaghetti in half the time indicated in the box. This solution seems to be the best compromise for taste, safety and performance.

Railway ballast scanning by means of dip system

Marco Guerrieri

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of a novel high-efficiency procedure for aggregate gradation determination of the railway ballast by means digital image processing technique (DIP). This new method is based on the “information” of high-resolution photographic images of the railway tracks and on specific algorithms, which allows obtaining the ballast aggregate gradation curve. The methodology has been applied to a new Italian railway line and allows finding the ballast particle size distribution for many track sections (straight, circular curve, transition curve). The results obtained by means the field observations were compared to those acquired from laboratory analysis. The research shows that the DIP could be implemented into the High speed track recording cars (diagnostic trains) together the laser and ultrasonic equipment (used for the rails scansions) for the Railway Infrastructure Monitoring (RIM).

Production of biodiesel from non edible ceiba pentandra seed oil having high FFA content

S. Kathirvelu, N. Shenbaga Vinayaga Moorthi, S. Neela krishnan, K. Mayilsamy and T. Krishnaswamy

Recently, most of the biodiesel is produced from edible oils using methanol and an alkaline catalyst. However, large amount of non edible oils are available in India. Often the non edible oil contain high amounts of free fatty acids(FFA), which quickly react with the alkaline catalyst to produce soap then slow down the separation of the ester and glycerin.  In the present study, high free fatty acid (14.71%) Ceiba Pentandra seed oil was used as a source for biodiesel production. A two-step transesterification process is developed to convert the high FFA oils to its mono-esters. The first step reduces the acid value of the oil to less than 2mg KOH/g of oil using the acid catalyst (H₂SO₄) and methanol. The second step, alkaline catalyzed transesterification process converts the products of the first step to its mono-esters and glycerol. The reaction parameters such as molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time were optimized for production of ceiba pentandra oil methyl ester are analyzed. The two-step esterification procedure converts of crude ceiba pentandra oil to its methyl esters. The yield of methyl esters from ceiba pentandra oil under the optimal condition was 92-93%. The viscosity of biodiesel oil is nearer to that of diesel and the calorific value is less than that of diesel because of their oxygen content. The important properties of biodiesel such as density, flash point, fire point and cetane number are found out and compared with that of diesel. This study supports the biodiesel production from non-edible Ceiba Pentandra seed oil as a viable alternative to the diesel fuel.

Multi-response optimization of EDM performance characteristics using response surface methodology and desirability function

M. Janardhan

In the present investigation, the experiments were conducted on a CNC Electrical discharge machine for machining of AISI D2 steel with cylindrical copper rods as electrodes to determine the effect of process parameters such as electrode rotation, voltage, current and spark gap on the responses material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra) and electrode wear rate (EWR) using response surface methodology (RSM).The second order polynomial model in terms of process parameters were developed for the responses on the basis of experimental results and has been validated with F-test. The adequacy of these models has been tested on the responses with analysis of variance (ANOVA).  Finally, to overcome the problem of conflicting nature of responses with single response optimization, multi- response optimization has been carried out using response surface methodology with integration of desirability function. Confirmation experiments are further conducted to validate the results.

Pressure and pressure derivative analysis for fractured horizontal wells in unconventional shale reservoirs using dual-porosity models in the stimuled reservoir volume

Freddy Humberto Escobar, Karla María Bernal and Guiber Olaya-Marin

Nowadays, the oil industry efforts revolve around the exploitation of hydrocarbon-bearing shale formations. At the current rate of exploitation several shale formations can produce for more than 200 hundred years. Therefore, researches are conducted for a better characterization of these formations so all the local details can be captured by the mathematical models. From the well test point of view, some mathematical models to observe transient pressure behavior have been introduced. However, such models are very complex and may not be practical for a practicing engineering who neither does have the time to code such models or their computer programming capabilities are not good enough. Then, this work takes two mathematical models from the literature as the basis to develop a practical well test interpretation methodology using characteristic points found of the pressure and pressure derivative curves. The resulting methodology was successfully tested with synthetic examples.

Road-signs detection and recognition in omnidirectional images

S. Oukacha, O. El Kadmiri and L. Masmoudi

This paper describes a computer vision system for automatic traffic road-signs detection and recognition in omnidirectional images. Contrasting conventional cameras, omnidirectional ones can provide a 360 degrees field of view, which is very useful for this kind of applications. The proposed approach consists of three major steps. Firstly, the omnidirectional images are unwrapped into a panoramic form. Then traffic road-signs shapes are detected using Hu moment invariants. Finally, the recognition is performed by measuring the multi-dimensional histogram similarity between detected road signs shapes and images stored in a database representing models of road signaling panels. Experimental results have proved the performance of the proposed approach in real conditions of use.

Effects of chemical reaction and heat generation on a mixed convection stagnation point flow, heat and mass transfer towards a stretching vertical porous flat plate

A. Adeniyan and C. S. Ogwuegbu

This study investigates a two-dimensional steady boundary layer stagnation laminar flow of heat and mass transfer due to a viscous, incompressible and first-order homogeneous chemically reacting fluid towards a heated stretching porous vertical plate embedded in a Newtonian fluid. The basic governing flow partial differential equations together with the boundary conditions are converted into a set of ordinary differential equations by means of existing similarity variables. The transformed set of equations were solved numerically by assigning realistic values to the basic flow parameters, using the classical Runge-Kutta fourth order integration method along with a shooting technique and implemented on Maple software. Important engineering dimensionless quantities of interest such as the wall shear stress, heat and mass transfer rates are analyzed, and discussed by means of graphs and tables. In other to ascertain the credibility of our computed results, comparisons were made with the existing, available and open literature works and have been found to be in extremely good agreement.

Optimal power flow solution using cuckoo search algorithm

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem in power system is a very large problem, which can be solved using soft computing techniques. The problem has many equality and inequality constraints. A new population based search algorithm called cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) solves the problem fast and accurate. The cuckoo search algorithm is based on the behavior of cuckoo birds in its breeding, is formed as the mathematical formulation to solve a real world non-linear problems. In this paper CSA algorithm is used to solve the OPF problem. The performance of the algorithm is compared with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA). MATLAB programing is used to program the concept of the solution. IEEE-62 bus Indian utility system is used to test the performance.

Automatic belt controlled wheel chair

Gopu G., Geetha Devasena M S. and Lavanya G

A Wheelchair is used for the mobilization of physically challenged people especially for those who are impaired with lower limbs and paralysed patients so on. In this work propose a wheelchair for the patients affected by DMD [Duchene muscular dystrophy] with automatic seat belt control, and adjustable handle. The automatic seat belt control unit works with the microcontroller ATMEGA 328, gyro sensor GY 521 and a motor. The sensor senses the altitude variation and sends the data to the controller, based on the variation level the controller drives the motor to fasten the seat belt. The controller is provided with a reset button to reset the height values of the chair which reduces the abnormal function of the controller. The limb raiser physically provides stimuli to the brain to recognize the presence of the certain organ which is paralysed. This works as a teaching unit for the brain about the immovable limb of the patient. The motors are operated by the 12 V battery sources which is rechargeable. The adjustable arm rest of the wheel chair enables the patient’s guardian to seat the patient easily. These features are enrolled in a foldable wheelchair for easy transportation. This project also facilitates the joining of two wheelchairs. This aids the twin patients for the easy mobility.

Certain algebraic tests for analyzing a periodic and relative stability in linear discrete systems

Ramesh P. and Manikandan V.

Simple algebraic test procedures are presented to analyze aperiodic as well as relative stability in a given stable linear time-invariant discrete system represented in the form of its characteristics equation . The proposed schemes are applied to various illustrations.

Two dimensional stress analysis of structural members with central holes and edge notches

Riyadh J. Aziz, Adel A. Al-Azzawi and Hussam K. Risan

Analytical solutions for structures with opening were only derived for limited domains with very simple geometry. Although the finite element method (FEM) computes accurately the displacements, it is ineffective in determining the stresses in area of large stress gradients. The boundary element method (BEM) has been adopted in this paper which is well suited for solving problems in domains with geometric discontinuities. The stress concentration factors (S.C.F) for various holes and edge notches in structural members have been evaluated numerically based on the written BEM program and experimentally based on laboratory testing of representative specimens coupled with strain gauge techniques. Verification problems and real structural problems were investigated using both the present BEM program and FEM. A very coarse mesh was used in BEM while a very fine mesh was used in FEM. It has been shown that both BEM and FEM give closer results in term of displacement (not more than 2% difference) when changing the used element numbers in both methods. On the other hand, the stress field of both methods has a significant difference (more than 10%) and this difference becomes diverging in a region of a rapid stress variation. The experimental work includes testing seven steel plates specimens made from steel having thickness of 5.6mm; two specimens from each test are made for verification purposes. The specimens were made with different geometric discontinuities (central holes and edge notches with different sizes). A universal testing machine is used to apply a tensile force incrementally up to failure. A point-to-point experimental technique was used to measure the S.C.F by using a rectangular rosette strain gauge. Three specimens were analyzed numerically using BEM to examine the validity of the present study BEM program for solving such problems. It has been recorded experimentally that the S.C.F for the hole and notch specimens are not a function of load history. The stress concentration factor for the hole and notch specimens varies with the variation in the size and type of hole and notch.

Appraisal of suitability for urban planning and expansion analysis using quick bird satellite data

V. P. Mandal, Sham Shutrana, P.C. Pandey, S. Patairiya, M. Shamim, Sandeep Sharma, V. Tomar and Pavan Kumar

In the present study, we have taken the urban area of Jind district, of the Haryana state. The study has been done on the basis of Design Standards and Methodology formulated in “National Urban Information System” (NUIS) scheme by “Standing Committee on Urban Management” (SC-U) under the “Ministry of Urban Development” (MoUD), in 2006. The major objectives of NUIS scheme is to design, organize and establish a comprehensive information system. Urban planners require information related to the spatial datawithin the time frame. Remote sensing and GIS along with collateral data help of analysis the LU/LC mapping. The present study was carried out using very high resolution data (Quick Bird and Resources Sat-1 LISS IV and other secondary data such as census data (census of India 2011). The results obtained from the present study, has shown that the large study area was covered by agricultural land that covered around 71.31% of the total area. This highest agricultural area was optimised through RS and GIS based. The image was classified for the LULC scheme at the level IV and the results concluded that level II 19 category identify the best part of the study area. The study area occupies 9365.80 ha-1 lands and out of which only 17.48 % was taken up by the urban built up land.

An assessment of selected heavy metal concentrations (Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Zn) in university campus located in industrial area

An investigation was conducted to examine the variation trend of heavy metal concentration and distribution in ambient air in university campus located in the industrial area. The aim of this study was to measure the concentration of heavy metals of concern (lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) composition). The heavy metals were chosen based on the types of industry. Three sampling points were set up according to the distance from the industrial area. The sampling points were located at the Convocation Hall (3,000m), Tun Dr. Ismail Residential College (390 m), and the Material Laboratory (10 m) in the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) campus, and all of the locations were in the Parit Raja industrial area. Heavy metals particulates were sampled from the E-Sampler Particulate Matter (PM₁₀) Collector (Met One Instrument, Inc) in 24 h period for samplings of October 2013 to Jun 2014. Determination of heavy metals concentrations was conducted using two instruments; Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) (Perkin Elmer Elan 900) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 800). The analysis was performed after the filter paper was digested using aqua regia method. The relationship between metrological factor and concentration of heavy metals were clarified using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The data were compared to the air quality standards by the World Health Organization Health (WHO), the Ambient Air Quality Criteria Act 1994 (AAQC), the National Environment Protection Council (NEPS), Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), and also the Environmental Quality Act 1974 (EQA). It was found that the concentrations of Cr, Cd, and Ni exceeded the standard concentrations which were 0.0100 μg/m³, 0.0050 μg/m³ and 0.0150 μg/m³, respectively. In contrast, Pb, Cu, and Zn in ambient air had low concentration compared to the standard, which were 0.500 μg/m³, 1.0000 μg/m³ and 1000 μg/m³, respectively. Generally the nearest distance of sampling site to the industrial area was indicated high levels of heavy metals. This finding is significant in contributing some knowledge of the heavy metals concentration in ambient air to communities surrounded by an industrial district. It identifies research needs and suggests possible approaches to addressing outstanding questions.

Re-use of granite sludge in producing green concrete

Allam M. E., Bakhoum E. S. and Garas, G. L.

The industry of dimensional granite stone has contributed to the development of major environmental problems due to waste generation at different stages of mining and processing operations. Granite waste generation continues from mining process to finished product and contributes about 60-80 % of the worked masses of the mineral mined. Depending on the type of process involved, the sludge generated is estimated over 30% of the volume of the sawn block. To solve the problem of these wastes generated by the granite production industry, several technical solutions consider the incorporation of granite sludge in other industrial activities as a by-product. This paper presents an experimental testing on the compressive strength of the green concrete mixes produced by replacing sand and cement by natural stone sludge. The concrete compressive strength is presented and the technical viability of this new construction material is illustrated. Substitution of 10% sand by the granite waste provided higher compressive strength compared to the control mix at all ages. Replacing cement with granite waste caused decrease of compressive strength at all ages with any replacement proportion. The values of slump tests for all mixes ranged from 5-10 cm.

Design and fabrication of a low cost portable spectrometer to investigate optical properties of thin films

Benard R. Morumbwa, Patrick M. Karimi, Daniel M. Wamwangi and Kihara Rurimo

Optical spectroscopy is a non-destructive and contactless method for characterizing optical and electrical properties of thin films like reflectance, transmittance, refractive index, permittivity and band gap. These properties determine the application of a thin film as a polarizer, laser, solar cell or photodiode among others. To measure accurately optical properties of thin films, the common types of optical spectrometers used are ellipsometers and spectrophotometers. However these instruments are expensive and there is need to device a cost effective optical spectrometer. In this study, a portable laboratory spectrometer that uses reflectance measurement to determine the optical and electrical properties of thin films was designed. To test the accuracy and reliability of the portable spectrometer designed in this work, reflectance of semiconductor thin film samples of CuO and SnSe were measured using both the designed and a standard spectrometer (SolidSpec-3700). The reflectance measurement for CuO and SnSe had an error of ± 1.88 % and ± 2.17 % respectively, in reference to the standard spectrometer (SolidSpec-3700) reflectance spectra. This error margin is within tolerance level for reliable measurement. In addition the portable spectrometer designed in this work had a resolution of 2 nm ± 5%, cheaper compared to commercially available spectrometers measuring in the same range and portable.

Developing empirical relationships to predict weld bead geometry of shielded metal arc welding

S.M.Ravikumar and P.Vijian

Welding input process parameters are playing a very significant role in determining the weld bead quality. The quality of the joint can be defined in terms of properties such as weld bead geometry, mechanical properties and distortion. In this study, the weld bead geometry such as Depth of penetration (P), Bead width (W), Reinforcement height (H), Reinforcement angle (θ) and Dilution (D) of the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) bead on plate made of mild steel plates are investigated. The welding input parameters such as welding current (I), welding speed (S), wind velocity (V) and wind direction (D) of empirical mathematical models have been developed using four factor, five level factorial design techniques to predict the weld bead geometry at 95% confidence level.

Efficient PAPR reduction of OFDM signal using pts technique with hybrid partitioning method

Zeyid T. Ibraheem, Md. Mijanur Rahman, S. N. Yaakob, Mohammad Shahrazel Razalli, Zaid G Ali and Kawakib K. Ahmed

The high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is one of the major problems of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems in wireless transmission. Therefore, partial transmit sequence (PTS), a promising scheme that can provide good PAPR reduction performance, has been proposed for OFDM transmission to eliminate distortion. The PTS method divides the input data block into disjoint sub-blocks, computes Inverse Fourier Transform of the sub-blocks, rotates the sub-blocks with appropriate phase factors and combines them to form the transmitted signal. This paper presents an enhanced PTS approach that combines two PTS partitioning schemes (adjacent and interleaved) to effectively reduce the PAPR of the OFDM systems. The influence of the proposed approach on performance is investigated by varying the size of the disjoint sub-blocks. The PAPR reduction performance of the proposed PTS method is compared with two well known sub-blocks partitioning schemes, namely, Adjacent Partitioning (AP), Interleaved Partitioning (IP). The various computer simulation results for the various sub-blocks confirmed that the proposed method provides better PAPR reduction performance compared with AP and IP partitioning based PTS scheme. In addition, these PTS schemes largely depend on the chosen size of the partitions.

Fuzzy based automatic detection and classification approach for Mri-brain tumor

R. Karuppathal and V. Palanisamy

The main objective of this study is to detect and classify the brain tumor automatically in MRI images. Here the proposed approach consists of various stages namely Pre-Processing, Detection, Segmentation, Feature Extraction and Classification. The image processing methodologies such as Speckle Noise Removal, Adaptive Histogram Equalization, Fuzzy C-Means clustering and Gabor Feature extractor combined with Fuzzy-KNN methods. It has been developed for detecting and classifying the brain tumor from the MRI images. The classification categorizes and says that the input image is Tumor affected or Normal Image with the severity level. The proposed approach proves its efficiency in terms of detection and classification whereas the proposed approach shows its accuracy is 13.5% more than the existing approach.

An improved QOS in the architecture, model and huge traffic of multi-media applications under high speed wireless campus network

Jameel Shehu Yalli, Aisha Hassan Abdallah Hashim, Suhaimi Bn Abd Latif and Md. Korshed Alam

Multi-media applications are in high demand by many users. Many telecommunication companies are into the business of providing these applications such as the Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) and video conferencing. Users often become unsatisfied with the services they receive from their service providers. This is as a result of lack of guaranteed QoS in today’s high speed wireless campus network (WCN). The internet is the main platform on which these applications run on and therefore all credits and blame goes to the designers of the internet. Several researchers have worked towards improving the QoS of these applications and they have contributed immensely to it. However, this work reviewed previous works and comes up with a new methodology that ensures QoS of multi-media applications in the high speed Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). The design and simulation shows a great improvement in the overall network performance. This is measured interms of three network parameters, viz: average end-to-end delay, average jitter and throughput. We introduce a mapping technique with which we assign the highest of all priorities to the multi-media traffic. Firstly there is a mapping between the Quality of Service Class Identifier (QCI) to the Differentiated Service Code Points (DSCP), where each of it is a QoS giver. Then, the QCI/DSCP is mapped to our multi-media traffics. Our design has already excelled the default design by achieving lower end-to-end delay, regular and higher throughput. We then incorporate a huge traffic in our scenario and measured the performance again; our new mechanism achieves the best result compared to all the similar scenarios with huge traffic. The overall performance of the network is improved with no less than 50%.

A low power and area efficient cntfet based GDI cell for logic circuits

P. Reena Monica and V. T. Sreedevi

The main objectives for today’s VLSI circuit designers are designing circuits which occupy less area, consume low power with improved performance. There has always been a tradeoff between these three factors while designing. This work presents a novel idea to satisfy all three factors without any tradeoff. In this work, Gate Diffusion input (GDI) technique is used along with the high performance Carbon Nanotubes Field Effect Transistor (CNTFET). This union of CNTFET and GDI results in low power, area efficient and high performance logic circuits maintaining less complexity. The layout of the logic circuits are also discussed which shows the inclusion of n-CNTFET and p-CNTFET on the same substrate without the need for a twin tub process as is the requirement in implementing GDI technique using MOSFETs. Thereby a standard cell library has been created for CNTFET based GDI logic circuits. The implementation is carried out in Cadence Virtuoso and Electric, a layout tool.

Machine crushed cow bones as a partial replacement of fine aggregates in lightweight concrete

Amaziah Walter Otunyo, Umenwo Lucky E and Sam Kingsley

A study on the suitability and effectiveness of machine crushed cow bones (MCCB) as partial replacement of fine aggregates in concrete works was carried out. Mechanical and physical properties of machine crushed cow bones as a partial replacement for locally available fine aggregates have been determined and compared. 36 concrete cubes of 1:2:4 mix design ratio measuring 150x150x150mm with varying percentages by weight of normal concrete aggregates to crushed cow bones as fine aggregate in the order 100:0, 75:25, 65:35, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 were cast, cured and tested after 14, 21 and 28 days and their physical and mechanical properties were determined. Compressive strength tests showed that at 25:75 (MCCB:Sand) ratio at 28 days, a strength of 17.6 N/mm² was achieved at 1:2:4 concrete mi ratio. At 50: 50 (MCCB:Sand) ratio, the compressive strength obtained after 28 days was 16.5 N/mm². The study has been carried out at 25%, 50%, 65%, 75% and 100% replacement levels of fine aggregate by machine crushed cow bones (MCCB) aggregate by weight and a comparative analysis of the result has been carried out between normal fine aggregate and machine crushed cow bone concrete. The values of the compressive strength at 28 days for replacement levels of (25% - 50%) fine aggregate by MCCB corresponds to values of compressive strength for lightweight concrete (17.6 N/mm² - 16.5 N/mm²). Aggregate Crushing Value (ACV) for MCCB is 32% and that for fine sand is 17.89%, while Aggregate Impact Values (AIV) for the CCS is 1.22% and that for river san is 11.8%.

Modelling and analysis of accent based recognition and speaker identification system

Speech processing has emerged as one of the most important research areas of signal processing. In this research area speaker identification and accent recognition are the different types of research applications of speech processing. Nowadays the speech processing has become essential for technological developments in various aspects and this technology is also incorporated in many electronic gadgets. Accent is a kind of modulation of speech in the same language where as speaker identification is to identify the person from the known set of speakers (closed-set). The Intensity, Energy, Spectral Density, Formants and Prosodic features are some of the features that vary with a language, climate and socio economic background. It is preferred to recognize the Accent first and then to identify the speaker. Telugu as a language basically has three accents Telangana, Rayalseema and Coastal Andhra. This Work aims to differentiate the Accent of Telugu language of different speakers from Telugu speaking areas and further to identity the Speaker. The speeches of many speakers from various Telugu speaking areas are collected, which are text dependent. Then feature extraction is carried out for these speech samples. An Algorithm is proposed to recognize the Accent and also the Speaker based on the features extracted. The recognition accuracy to recognize the speaker based on accent is 78 %, whereas the best recognition accuracy for identifying the speaker is obtained as 74%.

Performance analysis of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor using brain emotional learning based intelligent controller

Shakila Banu A and Wahidabanu RSD

This paper presents a novel Brain Emotional Learning Based Intelligent Controller (BELBIC) for controlling some of the parameters, such as speed, torque, quadrature and direct axis current and voltage of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM). PI controllers are widely used as speed controllers in industries. IPMSMs are characterized as complex, highly non-linear and time-varying dynamics. Conventional PID controllers are unable to sustain satisfactory performance for IPMSM running at high speeds, where the non-linearity is severe. The paper introduces a simple arithmetical model of emotional controller for ease of its implementation in a closed loop drive system..Moreover, control commands such as Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) control and flux weakening (FW) control as well as voltage and current constraints have been successfully applied. Proto type IPMSM drive incorporating the proposed BELBIC has been successfully implemented in real time a user friendly interface based on LabView is used for controlling the system. Performance of the emotional controller is compared with Antiwindup PIcontroller. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the controller during the conditions of starting, step change in speed and load perturbations.

Performance comparison of OFDM system based on dmwtcs, DWT, and FFT using QAM modulation technique

Sameer A. Dawood, F. Malek, M. S. Anuar and Suha Q. Hadi

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a popular modulation technique that is widely utilized in many wireless communication systems. Traditional OFDM based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) involves the use of a rectangular window; consequently, high side lobes are created. Hence, OFDM based on discrete multiwavelet critical sampling transform (DMWTCS) is proposed in this paper. DMWTCS is more flexible in terms of data rate and has much lower side lobes than OFDM based on FFT. Given that the multiwavelet can overlap both in time and frequency domains and eliminates the need for a cyclic prefix, OFDM based on DMWTCS has higher bandwidth efficiency than OFDM based on FFT. In this paper, the performance of OFDM based on DMWTCS is compared with that of traditional OFDM based on FFT and OFDM based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) through the use of various quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellation points, such as 4-QAM, 8-QAM, and 16-QAM. These systems are examined in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), flat fading, and frequency-selective fading channels through MATLAB software. Simulation results reveal that the performance of the proposed system is better than that of the other two systems in all types of channels.

Real time speech recognition based building automation system

G. Muthuselvi and Saravanan B

A smart home is a residence in which technology has been applied to expect and respond to the occupant’s needs and commands, which can be used to enhance the everyday life at home. The main objective of this paper is to design an embedded system to detect and recognize human voice commands, which is in turn used to toggle respective loads. The entire design is accomplished using a speech recognition system along with an 8051 microcontroller kit and relays. The system is initially in standby mode waiting for an input from the user. Once an input is detected, it is analyzed by the speech recognition module. If a known command is detected, the speech recognition system sends respective digital representations to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then interprets these data signals, compares them with a database and thus identifies the referred load and its desired state. The processing results are then displayed on the LCD which is primarily used to display the system states. According to the load state identified, control signals are sent to respective relay circuits, thus actuating the appropriate loads. The original goals are the same i.e., to control the electrical appliances using voice commands and they have been achieved.

Reliable payment gateway component selection using fuzzy and prism classifiers

K. R. Sekar, K. S. Ravichandran, Saikishor Jangiti and J. Sethuraman

A Payment gateway is a web service used in e-commerce for settling money transactions and a number of service providers offering the web-service-payment-gateway in the market. Payment gateway offers a secured way of trading with a simple interface, high reliability and flexibility, Easy to use and integrate with the merchant’s ecommerce web application. Fair selection among the web services are appreciated for mounting to the API’s. Reliability is needed for selecting a good web service component. In the entry level we introduced eight new metrics for analysing payment-gateway-web-service-components. PRISM and Fuzzy classifications techniques are applied in the dataset for web service components. In the Fuzzy classification thirty two intricate attributes are considered for analysis. For identifying the reliable component between entry level class and fuzzy classifications, gauging is done using linear mapping and the purity level of the attributes of the web service is measured via Theil indexing.

Spectrum sensing analysis using PSD based entropy detection of DVB-T signal

N. Swetha, Panyam Narahari Sastry and Y. Rajasree Rao

Spectrum Sensing plays an important role incorporating intelligence into cognitive radio networks. There are many sensing algorithms proposed in the literature evaluating the detection performance. However, most of them failed to operate in noisy environment. Due to inaccurate estimation of noise power, it is difficult to sense the primary user signal in the radio frequency band. In this paper, a detector is proposed based on the power spectral density of entropy computed in the frequency domain. In the proposed work of spectrum sensing, the SNR wall was obtained with an improvement of 5 dB for DVB-T signal compared with the published results. Several Monte Carlo simulations were carried under Rayleigh fading and Rician fading channels with additive white guassian noise. Simulation results show the robustness of the proposed method against the noise uncertainty.

Steganalysis with classifier combinations

J. Anita Christaline, R. Ramesh and D. Vaishali

Blind steganalysis is based on choice of the feature set and the machine learning classifiers used for classification. While the performance of individual classifiers is good, the classification accuracy is seen to increase by appropriate combination of classifiers. This research has implemented image steganalysis with fusion of classifiers by various data fusion schemes. We intend to analyse the classification accuracy of fusion classifier under nine different fusion schemes. The chosen individual classifiers are Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Support Vector Machines (SVM). The feature set chosen for classification includes the calibrated, combined features of modified Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) features and Markov features from a database of 1000 cover images and 1000 stego images. It has been identified that the classification accuracy of Decision template and Dempster-Shafer methods of fusion gives best results, while Bayes, average and sum fusion schemes give good results compared to the performance of individual classifiers.

Analysis of the flow force in the fuel components supply valves of the aircraft engines

With the use of the numerical modeling the process of opening of the main fuel valve of the aircraft propoulsion system is investigated. The impact of the flow force and throttling channels on the transient characteristics of the valve have been taken into account. There has been stated the possibiity of use of the developed valve design for calculation of the dynamic characteristics of the aicraft engines (ACE).

Equations of state of plastically deformed polycrystalline medium considering plastic deformation thermal effect

Alexander I Khaimovich and Stanislav R Abulhanov

The article suggests a modeling method and shows relations of state of a polycrystalline body under severe plastic deformation in temperature range outside the sphere of phase transformations, where the body constitutes heterogeneous medium created by two interacting components - continual medium and grain boundaries structure imbedded into this medium. Evolution of grain boundaries, temperature and internal energy connected with changes of stress-strain state inside of and at grain boundaries are regarded from the point of view of regulations of thermodynamics of irreversible processes.

Experimental determination of the variation of the elastic damping properties MR material in a continuous operation

Alexander Aleksandrovich Troynikov and Gennady Vasilevich Lazutkin

The МР material is a porous structure produced by means of cold molding of the metal spiral pieces into the finished in terms of the shape and dimensions elastic members from which the vibration isolators are formed [1, 2]. The efficiency of use of the МР material in the anti-vibration systems depends largely on its elastic damping properties during operation. The empirical dependences of change of the MP material mechanical properties on the run time have been presented. The work is of experimental nature, the correlation between the process and operational parameters is based on the similarity theory and dimensional analysis. The findings of the research for the practical application are obtained in closed form.

Knowledge lack impact assessment of the source date on numerical simulation results of operational process in axial flow turbine blade row

Daria A. Kolmakova, Oleg V. Baturin and Grigorii M. Popov

The assessment of impact of uncertainty of the geometric and physical variables on the operational process in the blade row of the turbomachine was performed using the example of the untwisted cascade of the nozzle diaphragm. The simulation of the flow in the nozzle diaphragm was performed in the dedicated software suite NUMECA. The calculations performed allowed providing a qualitative and quantitative assessment in respect of the issue under consideration as well as specifying directions for the further development.

Mathematical model of cyclic loading of material MR

Alexander Aleksandrovich Troynikov and Konstantin Vladimirovich Boyarov

Mathematical model in the shape of combination of exponent, power and exponential functions has been presented, which allows to build the library of hysteresis loop at cyclic loading of material MR, and to perform quantitative analysis of elastically damping characteristics. Characteristics of mathematical model are connected with technological parameters of material MR by means of dilations’ coefficients [1].

Numerical modeling problems of operating process of combustion chambers of GTE and solution approaches

Mihail Y. Orlov, Sergey S. Matveev, Nikita S. Makarov, Ivan A. Zubrilin

Designing of new gas turbine engines (GTE) is considered to be one of the world key scientific and technical tasks. It is attaining growing topicality due to increasing usage of these engines not only in power plants of airborne vehicles, but also in power systems. Rising of efficiency and meeting ecological norms are key requirements, imposed to designed engines. Meeting these requirements is not possible without development of new combustion chamber (CC) of GTE. For achieving this goal, computer modeling technique is widely used. Upon that a range of problems occur, without solving which it is not possible to create and produce new products with required technical specifications. Wide range of these problems can generally be divided into two categories:
- Problems, related to provision of calculation on computers;
- Problems of mathematical modeling of CC operating process.
In this article the authors have presented their knowledge and background as for solution of these issues, gained in the course of CC engineering process. Author experience gives evidence that the usage of engineering analysis must be accompanied with verification of computer-based calculations according to results of full-scale experiments and development of new calculation technologies that would provide required accuracy.

Neuro-fuzzy architecture of the 3d model of massive parallel actuators

F. Pasila, R. Alimin and H. Natalius

This paper reports the effective control mechanism of the discrete state manipulators (DSMs) with six degree of freedom (DOF). The DSMs are special kind of robot manipulator with massive actuators that can be switched among limited number of discrete states. We introduce ternary-DSMs (t-DSMs) manipulators which controlled by force and have continuous motions that commanded through only three discrete states. The main problem of this mechanism is how to design a real-time controller which is efficient and fast for solving its inverse static problem (ISP). Precisely, a computational intelligence method based on neuro-fuzzy method is suggested to find the optimal training computation, which is measured by the root mean squared error of ISP. The architecture of t-DSMs featuring three-state force pneumatic actuators and six-DOF. For instance, a neuro-fuzzy method for t-DSMs constructs IF-THEN rules from fuzzy relations among inputs and outputs in the training mechanism (inputs: position and force; outputs: three-state). After related model is found in the training phase, the architecture can be used to determine outputs of the network from given inputs with similar accuracy in the testing phase. The paper proposed an architecture which is based on the Neuro-Fuzzy Takagi Sugeno (NFTS) inference scheme with Gaussian membership functions. The structure is with multivariate input and multi-state outputs, such as positions and forces as input NFTS networks and the three-state of the actuators as output networks. The learning of the network uses an extended LMA version with optimal training parameters. The training algorithm needs at least one million iterations with different membership functions; employ around 17% of the input-output correspondences dataset from the known input and output. For training database, the NFTS model generates 124 dataset from the 729 possible dataset.  The optimized membership function (M) after one week searching time using optimized search procedure using M from 4 to 15 for the 6-DOF model of 6-ternary DSMs. Regarding model performances for the ISP solution, the NFTS with M=9 features better root mean squared error results compared to the others.

Security risk management at the computer center of x university

Ibnu Gunawan, Agustinus Noertjahyana and Hartanto Rusli

The process of teaching and learning in an information technology based university cannot be separated from the accompanying information technology security risks. For that purpose, we need a risk analysis based on risk management standards that have been widely accepted and commonly used, such as NIST SP 800-30. The performed risk analysis is based on 10 domains of CISSP. So, there is synergy between the two standards that we employed. Besides, the synergy also occurs between the information technology security risks and the teaching and learning process. This paper presents how to create a questionnaire-based assessment of CISSP’s 10 domains mapped into NIST SP 800-30. In addition, this paper elaborates how the assessment of the questionnaires was executed ​​and the result produced for X University. The research outputs that we generate are: a questionnaire-based assessment mapping CISSP’s 10 domains into NIST SP 800-30, the ten major security risks that we discovered at the Computer Center of X University and the risk response planning to mitigate the discovered security risks.

Web services extension for accessing quiz on moodle mobile application

Mobile applications utilizing wireless mobile technology such as smart mobile phones/smartphones and tablet-pc (ipad/android) has penetrated into various fields. Applications ranging from entertainment, business, health, life-style and do not miss in the field of education. The convergence of computing technologies, multimedia content and wireless communications (3G/4G/Wifi) has changed many lifestyles including education in the form of mobile learning applications. Moodle e-learning platform has been prepared to be used also as a mobile learning platform. In this paper, the extension of mobile Quiz access has been built that enrich existing Mobile Moodle. A web services extension has been built to facilitate the creation and execution of quiz online directly on Moodle Mobile application. A series of experiements have been conducted using android smartphone. Making Quiz could be done through mobile applications of the modified Moodle. Likewise, students can take the quiz through their mobile browser of their smartphone. With the availability of the quiz feature of Moodle mobile application, the tutors and students are easy to access online quizzes.

Cockpit view vehicle game simulators for massive parallel arrays platform based on neural-fuzzy systems

Felix Pasila, Gregorius S. Budhi, Andreas Sutantra and Hans Juwiantho

This research is an extended investigation of using game simulator to the Massive Actuator Array platform. Two kind of prototypes cockpit view game simulators are designed to be implemented to the platform. The two prototypes are Aircraft and ground All-terrain vehicle game simulator. The aircraft simulator is made by OGRE3D engine and SDL, while the ATV simulator used NVidia PhysX engine. The controller of aircraft simulator is a joystick and/ or keyboard buttons and the controller of ATV simulator are steering wheel and/ or keyboard. The output of this neuro-fuzzy network will be used to control the movement of the actuator Massive Array platform. From the simulation results we concluded that the two game simulators prototypes have been made correctly. In addition, some constraints are also added to the simulator  in order to give real environment, such as clouds and wind effects on aircraft as well as the effects of flat road, off road, ice, sand and mud on land vehicles. Regarding the Simulator performances show that both prototypes are suitable to be implemented to the Actuator Massive Array platform.

Compression strength of concrete with pond ash as replacement of fine aggregate

A residue of coal incineration of the thermal power plants which is not well managed, resulting in the buildup to the final disposal site into pond ash. The pond ash waste is categorized as a hazardous material that requires a change in its management from friable materials into solid materials. Preliminary study of utilizing the pond ash as replacement materials of concrete, at the early stage, it is used as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in the concrete mixes and investigated by analyzing the effect of the use of the pond ash to the strength of concrete. The cylindrical specimens of concrete with 100 mm in diameter and 200 mm in height are used. The fine aggregate replacement is made with the weight of the pond ash in the sand ratio of 0%, 12.5%, 25%, 37.5% and 50%, with a constant water-cement ratio of 0.49 based on the normal concrete mix design. Compressive strength test of concrete is conducted at the age of 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 90 days. The result shows that by partially replacing sand with pond ash, a noticeable decrease in compressive strength is found in accordance with the increasing of a percentage of the pond ash. Effect of addition of pond ash in the concrete mixture causes a decrease in the compressive strength of concrete, and the smallest compressive strength occurred in the ratio of 50% pond ash with a decreasing compressive strength from 31.73 MPa to 25.97 MPa (18, 13%), for normal concrete and 50% pond ash concrete respectively.