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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences
June 2022 | Vol. 17 No. 12 |
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Title: |
Evaluation of environmental impacts:
Comparative analysis of an electric wiring harness using different LCA
impact methods |
Author (s): |
Hanaa Abouljalil and Mahacine Amrani |
Abstract: |
Green
processes have received growing interest by industries, governments, and
researchers during the last years, in which the concept of
sustainability has become the key point. There are different software
tools and methods to perform Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and results may
be different according to which method the user chooses. This paper aims
to present how different LCA results can be achieved due to the use of
different LCA methods for the same product system. The present study
focuses on analyzing three LCA methods on the same software Open LCA:
CML9901, Impact 2002 and Eco indicator 90. The results were discussed
and compared in terms of modelling principles, hotspots, and impacts for
each method. The selected midpoint impact categories were:
acidification, climate change, ecotoxicity and human toxicity. In many
cases, modelling principles were identical among the software tools or
nearby so, but results reveal differences for the implementation of the
impact assessment. Some of these differences were so large that they
could influence the LCA decisions and conclusions. |
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Title: |
The effect of water volume on the
performance of a two-roof sloping destilator utilizing exhaust gas from
fishing boat engines |
Author (s): |
La Baride and Corvis L. Rantererung |
Abstract: |
The
general objective of this research is to produce a prototype destroyer
that utilizes the exhaust heat from fishing boat engines. While the
specific purpose of this research is to produce appropriate technology
to produce fresh water for the needs of fishing boats. Increasing the
productivity of fishermen through sailing time efficiency while
producing sea water into fresh water on fishing boats and increasing the
capacity of sea water distillators that utilize heat from fishing boat
engines. This research is using experimental method. The distilator is
designed as a means of distillation of sea water by utilizing the heat
of the diesel engine exhaust gas. The results of the research for 3
hours with a constant engine speed of 2200 rpm were obtained, for
testing the volume of 25 liters of distilled seawater obtained 4527 ml
of fresh water with a sea water distillation temperature of 90 °C,
distillation effectiveness 70.18% and heat absorption of 1.1643 kJ / s;
In testing the volume of 27.5 liters of distilled seawater, it was
obtained 4340 ml of fresh water with a sea water distillation
temperature of 88 °C, the effectiveness of the distiller was 68.18% and
the heat absorption was kJ / s 1.24 and on the test volume of 30 liters
of distilled sea water obtained 4133 ml of fresh water with a seawater
temperature of 86 °C, the effectiveness of the distillator is 66.32%
and the heat absorbs 1.308 kJ / s. Water test results obtained from
distillation: Water The results of distillation from a volume of 25
liters of sea water obtained pH = 6.8; Salinity = 0 ppt; Water The
result of distillation from a volume of 27.5 liters of sea water
obtained pH = 6.9; Salinity = 0 ppt; Water The result of distillation
from a volume of 30 liters of sea water obtained pH = 6.8; Salinity = 0
ppt. |
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Title: |
Design of venturi nozzle for biogas
combustion through experiment and modeling by using 2-D computational
fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation |
Author (s): |
Alamta Singarimbun, Ni Ketut Lasmi, Wahyu
Srigutomo, Suprijadi and Yazid Bindar |
Abstract: |
Biogas is one of the fuels that can be used for generating small-scale
electricity. This small-scale electricity generator technology, known as
genset or generator-set, generally uses gasoline as fuel. The use of
biogas as fuel in gensets has been examined making it now possible to
produce electricity from a dual fuel system (gasoline and biogas). This
study proposes the use of only biogas as single fuel to fully operate a
small-scale electric generator by modifying the shape of the venturi
nozzle. The venturi functions as a biogas feeder into the carburetor
mixing chamber where the air is present. The consumption of air into the
carburetor chamber is regulated by a valve system. The results show that
the biogas single fuel system is capable of producing 473.00 to 807.40
watts of power with an efficiency of 4.02% to 5.46% indicating an
improvement in power efficiency compared to the dual fuel system. To
validate the experiment and comprehend the physics behind this, a
scientific study was carried out using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
analysis. Fluid dynamics simulations in two-dimensional (2D) space for
turbulent flow with flat and truncated-shaped venturi nozzles were
carried out to simulate the conditions related to original and modified
venturi pipes. The simulation succeeded to describe the conditions
required by the biogas to flow effectively from the venturi nozzle in
the carburetor chamber directly into the combustion cylinder. The
simulation also revealed the related quantities of biogas dynamics such
as velocity, pressure, and turbulent entities characterizing the biogas
flow in the system. |
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Title: |
Studying the Shubarkol deposit coal as the
carbonaceous reducing agent in ferroalloy production |
Author (s): |
D. A. Ibragimova, Yu. N. Pak, V. S.
Portnov, D. Yu. Pak and E. Ye. Ibragimov |
Abstract: |
One
of the promising trends in the development of ferroalloy production is
the use of coals as carbonaceous reducing agents. There are presented
the results of comprehensive studies of the physical-and-chemical and
technological properties of coals from the Shubarkol deposit (Central
Kazakhstan) for the coke-free production of various ferroalloys
(ferrosilicon silicomanganese, high-carbon ferrochrome). Semi-coke was
obtained as an active reducing agent based on high-speed
thermal-oxidative pyrolysis of Shubarkol coals with specified quality
characteristics: ash content 4.36%; the yield of volatile substances
47.24%; low sulfur content 0.35% and phosphorus 0.01%. The optimal
temperature parameters and heat treatment modes were determined to
ensure the production of carbonaceous reducing agents with sufficient
structural strength and high reactivity. One can expect increasing the
efficiency of coke-free production of ferroalloys when selecting the
optimal proportion of coal in the charge composition, making appropriate
changes to the operating modes of ferroalloy furnaces to improve
technical and economic indicators, and introducing instrumental methods
of express analysis of the ash content of the coal used, the yield of
volatile substances, combustion heat and chemical composition. |
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Title: |
Variables optimization in synthesis of
surfactant from hexadecanoic acid and arginine using CCD and ANOVA
method |
Author (s): |
Zuhrina Masyithah and Andre C. B. Dharma |
Abstract: |
Surfactant synthesis from hexadecanoic acid and arginine is influenced
by several variables, including catalyst amount (A), mix solvent (B),
and arginine to an acid ratio (C). For this reason, Central Composite
Design (CCD) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) methods are used to
optimize the values of the three variables that can produce a maximum
surface response. In this work, the synthesis was carried out at a
temperature of 60oC for 4 hours and a motor rotation of 250 rpm, using a
calcium oxide catalyst and tert-amyl alcohol as a solvent. In addition,
the effect of A, B, and C were discussed in terms of the percent
conversion of hexadecanoic acid. Of the three variables observed, the
percent conversion mainly depends on the arginine to acid ratio and is
less influenced by the catalyst amount. The ANOVA results show that the
recommended model is a quadratic model, with adjusted R2 0.8823 and
predicted R2 0.2476. |
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Title: |
Sentiment analysis for improving quality
of products and services by using deep learning |
Author (s): |
R. Shiva Shankar, V. Priyadarshini, P.
Neelima and M. Janaki Devi |
Abstract: |
In
Today’s internet world, sentiment analysis is an essential and more
demanding task because it allows different commerce and organizers to
know customer opinions regarding multiple business aspects. Such
opinions significantly support the business. It could easily understand
the feelings and needs of each customer. In the current decade, social
media networks like Twitter are becoming a beneficial resource that
extracts millions of posts to know the customer feelings since it is
possible to succeed. In this paper, we recommend the latest approach
called deep-learning, which easily enables different types of commerce
and corporations to recognize customer feelings on sentiment analysis to
improve the quality of their stocks or facilities and easily succeed in
today’s businesses activities. Therefore, with the help of a convolution
neural network (CNN), we researched various sizes of a Twitter dataset
consisting of millions of tweets to evaluate the efficiency of such a
method for categorizing each Twitter post as positive, negative and
neutral. |
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Title: |
Performance of fluidized bed dryer using
hot airfrom pyrolysis apparatus in rice drying |
Author (s): |
Rosdanelli Hasibuan, Muhammad Raihan and
Vikram Alexander |
Abstract: |
Rice
is one of the main foodstuffs in Indonesia. Freshly harvested rice
usually contains 20-25% water (wet basis). The water content in rice
needs to be removed up to 12-14% to avoid damage caused by microbes and
fungi. One of methods to remove the water content in rice is drying. In
this study, rice drying was carried out using a fluidized bed dryer with
a hot air source originating from the remaining heat of the pyrolysis
apparatus. The operating conditions in this study were hot air
velocities of 8 m/s, 9 m/s and 10 m/s, air temperatures of 50°C, 60°C
and 70°C, and bed height of 2 cm, 4 cm, 6 cm. This study aims to examine
the effect of operating conditions on rice drying using a fluidized bed
dryer. Drying was carried out with an initial moisture content of 26% of
the rice. The results showed that drying air velocity of 10 m/s, drying
air temperature of 70°C and bed height of 2 cm were the best operating
conditions in this study with a drying time of 40 minutes with final
moisture content of 5.92% and the highest drying rate of 0.0422
g/cm2.min. |
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Title: |
Particle motion in jigs using linear and
nonlinear empirical models |
Author (s): |
Manuel A. Ospina-Alarcón, Liliana M.
Úsuga-Manco and Gabriel E. Chanchí-Golondrino |
Abstract: |
Particle properties can have a great influence on the design,
optimization, and control of plants in the processing of heavy minerals
such as gold and silver. In this paper, the identification of the
position of a particle in the bed of a Jig-type gravity concentrator was
proposed by means of data obtained from a phenomenological model of the
particle trajectory. The data obtained from the phenomenological model
were used for the construction and validation of an auto-regressive
model with exogenous input (ARX) and an artificial neural network (ANN)
model. The results obtained were contrasted and the construction process
of both models was documented. The identified models showed a fit with
errors lower than 2 % with respect to the data provided by the
phenomenological model, which makes them suitable for control and
optimization purposes of the equipment in mineral recovery. |
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Title: |
Proposal of an automated tool for the
analysis of usability tests |
Author (s): |
G. E. Chanchí-Golondrino, M. A.
Ospina-Alarcón and W. Y. Campo-Muñoz |
Abstract: |
With
the increase in the number of users consuming interactive applications
and the growth of apps in the app stores, usability has become one of
the key factors that allow software development companies to be
competitive in the market and users to be productive. To evaluate the
usability of a software product, the so-called user tests are used, in
which a set of users perform a certain number of tasks while interacting
with an interactive application, in order to determine the level of
usability based on the calculation of the attributes of efficiency,
effectiveness and satisfaction. In this paper we propose as a
contribution the development of an automated tool for the analysis of
usability tests, which receives as input the parameters associated with
the attributes of effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction, obtaining
as output the level or percentage of usability for the software
evaluated in the test. This tool is intended to support usability test
coordinators in automating the test analysis process and determining the
usability level of an interactive application. This tool can also be
considered as a reference for the automation of other types of usability
tests, such as heuristic evaluations or usability inspections. |
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Title: |
On spin polarization current induced
signature properties of memristive system realizable from domain wall
growth |
Author (s): |
Narendra Kumar Ram, Raj Kumar Singh and
Kumari Mamta |
Abstract: |
Memristive behavior of domain wall propagation between two magnetic
conducting element is studied following spin polarization of current in
perpendicular plane (CPP) through the sample. A domain wall appears as
spin structure between two magnetic domains. Spin polarization current
interacts with the second pinned layer to produce giant
magnetoresistance, with resistance value function of the relative angle
between the magnetic moments in layers. Analytical simulation results on
10 nm sample size domain wall achieve the pinched hysteresis loop and
many other signature properties of memristive system. A nearly pinched
hysteresis loop is obtained with pinch about the origin. The C-V plots
with applied signal voltage amplitude indicate divergence capacitance
(both positive and negative) around 0V. The ‘pinchness’ is more accurate
for the applied signal voltage of 1 V. At higher frequencies, the
charge-voltage plot shows more dissipative character. |
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Title: |
The impact of climate change on the spread
of forest fires |
Author (s): |
Inna Pivovarova and Alexander V. Matveev |
Abstract: |
The
article proposes a spatio-temporal analysis of the relationship between
the distribution of forest fires and climatic factors. With the help of
GIS technologies, data on the number of forest fires over a thirty-year
period in the European territory of Russia were processed and
visualized. Statistically significant trends in the long-term
variability in the number of forest fires and their regional
distribution have been identified. The paper identifies and analyzes the
general climatic trends for the study area. The correlation between the
interannual variability of fires and climatic characteristics is clearly
shown. The results of the work on determining the degree of influence of
the main fire-hazardous factors in specific territories will make it
possible to further identify areas of potential fire danger and make
decisions on fire prevention strategies. |
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Title: |
Natural coordinates for rotation center
determination |
Author (s): |
Neider Nadid Romero, Bladimir Ramon and
Gonzalo G. Moreno Contreras |
Abstract: |
Center
of rotation determination of a bar is important, since from this the
rotational and translational movement of the bar can be defined. This
movement will allow the dimensioning of the work or action space of
certain mechanisms. In this sense, the use of Natural Coordinates is
very helpful for this purpose, these coordinates are mostly Cartesian
coordinates located in the kinematic pairs or in points of interest of
the mechanism or links, where the main advantage of their use is that
angular parameters and trigonometric functions can be disregarded, which
facilitates the understanding of the modeling, in addition it is not
necessary to use trigonometric functions. This technique uses the Arnold
Kennedy theorem and the Screw theory, which allow to reduce the
computational cost in a great way, optimizing problems where the
rotation center has to be calculated many times. Taking these aspects
into account, this article develops a case study in which this technique
is applied to determine the center of rotation of a four-bar mechanism,
which is fundamental for the optimal design of polycentric mechanisms
and other applications. |
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Title: |
Stochastic calculation of reactivity in
subcritical reactor by the Euler-Maruyama method |
Author (s): |
Daniel Suescún-Díaz, Freddy Humberto
Escobar and D. Peña Lara |
Abstract: |
A set
of stochastic differential equations of Itô for the delayed neutron
precursor concentrations is derived from the point kinetics model using
a function of subcritical importance is presented in this work. These
new equations are validated using the Euler-Maruyama method to calculate
the stochastic reactivity of a subcritical system for different
numerical experiments involving constant and linear neutron density. The
results demonstrate that the new model is consistent with results
reported in the literature for the dynamics of reactors guided by
external neutron sources known as ADS (Accelerator Driven System). |
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