This article describes a tag antenna fed by an inductively coupled technique for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications. The folded stepped-impedance resonator (SIR) is used for the feed structure while the split ring resonator (SRR) is used as radiating dipole arms. An equivalent circuit model for the inductively coupled tag antenna is given to synthesize the tag antenna system with an RFID chip. The simultaneous use of SRR and SIR resonators provide flexible tuning in terms of antenna impedance and easier to miniaturize the prototype. It is printed on an epoxyFR4substrate at the vey compact size of44×44×1.6 mm3. It is designed using Murata IC chip having an impedance of 25-j200 Ohm at center frequency of 915 MHz. The experiment yields result of the impedance bandwidth is 35 MHz (901-936 MHz, 3.8%), which operates within the standard UHF frequency band. Furthermore, the results showed that the peak gain of the proposed tag antenna is -1.4 dBi with radiation efficiency higher than 58% at the center frequency of 915 MHz. It provides an Omni directional radiation pattern with a maximum measured read range of 3.18 meters at the resonant frequency of 915 MHz with an effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 4.0 W. The measurement results agree with the simulated ones. Consequently, the proposed prototype offers attractive benefits for RFID applications.

Full Text

The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method is widely used to obtain a fine, uniform, and cost-effective hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on a complex-geometry substrate. This method was used in this study to coat Ti6Al4V with hydroxyapatite powder at different electrode distances and times. In this case, the electrode distance influenced the deposition current during the coating process, and decreasing the electrode distance resulted in more deposited hydroxyapatite. XRD analysis confirmed the generation of crystalline HA phase and vaterite during the EPD process. Optical microscopy revealed on the coated sample that the porosity was still interconnected, with pore sizes ranging from several microns. The electrophoretic coating had a time limit before the deposition became ineffective due to the low deposition current. In the future, the findings could provide a good strategy for preparing metal-based medical implants coated with hydroxyapatite research.

Full Text

Built-up area is a significant type of land use related to the urbanization. Categorizing the built-up area with satellite data is another high demand for a relevant organization in order to inspect the urban branch. The spectral and spatial features is one normal approach to extract built-up class but it is seen that the classes; for example, river soil and fallow land always combine with built-up class because of the similarity and close spectral. The classes combination surveyed in the categorized image after the spectral channel has been used. The approach using urban based spectral indices and textural features to extract built-up areas has been suggested in this study. The examples of 2 spectral indices used in this work are BAEI and NDBI. There is also neighborhood regions’ local spatial dependency inspected employing textural feature based on GLCM. Decision Tree Algorithm (J48) mixes all of the bands of textural and spectral indices together for built-up areas extraction. From the result, overall accuracy contained 3.30% increase when texture and spectral indices are used comparing with 96.00 overall accuracy obtained when only spectral data is used.

Full Text

The Republic of Kazakhstan has a huge territory, within which there is a large number of locations, where the lack of water for irrigation, satisfying the drinking needs of the population, livestock water and etc. You can resolve this situation by building special water-conducting facilities - channels intended for the transportation of water to the consumer from the water source. The problems arising from the operation of the channels are known for the past five thousand years, that is, throughout the history of hydraulic engineering. They lead to such environmental consequences as an increase in the level of groundwater. Warning, secondary soil salinization, acidification, soil squeezing etc. The root causes of these consequences are water losses from the filtering channel. The most effective solution to this problem is the device of various kinds of anti-filter clothing. One of these anti-filtering activities is the device of monolithic concrete facing.

Full Text

A new type of efficient rice grain cleaner with de-stoner was successfully developed in line with the absence of village-type rice grain cleaner in the Philippines that can both remove light impurities and stones at the same time. This was developed because of the inevitable accumulation of stones during drying and the high presence of impurities in the rice grain during harvesting that could cause damage to the rice mill and eventually affect the efficiency and operation of the milling machine. The developed technology relates to a rice grain cleaner with de-stoner that efficiently separates rice straws, rice chaffs, immature grains, tiny stones, dried leaves, dirt and other impurities from the rice grain through the combination of two-stage air-screen and pressure-type separation processes. The results of laboratory analysis of the collected rice grain samples revealed that the developed rice grain cleaner has a cleaning efficiency of 98.7 percent with de-stoner efficiency of 100 percent. These results indicate that the output of the rice grain cleaner has purity of 98.9 percent. The developed rice grain cleaner has passed the set Philippine agricultural engineering standard for seed cleaner of 98 percent. The results of test performance indicate that the design of the said machine is successful in utilizing the same amount of air that initially used at the de-stoner for the air-screen cleaner so that it can both functions as air-screen cleaner and de-stoner.

Full Text

Integration of different phases of production process is one of today’s problems in manufacturing. This exploratory study attempts to address this issue by selecting the best manufacturing process plan through the application of swarm intelligence technique - Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique. The problem was simulated and modelled with some assumptions. Series iterations were carried out using the ACO algorithm. The results obtained revealed that an optimal manufacturing process plan selection can lead to optimal time and cost of turning raw materials to finished parts, which directly impacts on the efficiency of any manufacturing organisation.

Full Text

Nowadays, technology has been part of everyone’s life. Technology advancements are now making a new phase in the medical field. Emerging machine learning technologies are beginning to transform agricultural sciences and improve them in making such many ways. To aid in the detection and classification of plant diseases, the study presents a Deep Learning approach by examining the leaf of the given plan. Furthermore, the categorization is performed in steps to eliminate possibilities at each level, resulting in increased prediction accuracy. To identify a leaf in the supplied image, a YOLOv3 object detector is utilized. ResNet18 is used to analyze the leaf. ResNet18 model is were trained to subject the transfer learning. Once that each layer is identified, the type of leaf will check and the models of Convolutional Neural Network will classify what diseases that occur in a plant. A disease identification system with an accuracy of 96% was developed. Research shows that management of crop diseases can help improve.

Full Text

This study aims to obtain optimal mechanical properties of petung bamboo strip reinforced composite (Dendrocalamus Asper) through tensile strength testing with universal tensile test equipment (Testometric Brand), and physical properties through microstructure testing equipment with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) due to immersion. woven strips of petung bamboo with brackish water. Petung bamboo is made in the form of strips 1 mm thick, 10 mm wide, and 300 mm long and then woven and then soaked in brackish water with salinity variations of 10, 20, and 30 parts per million (ppm) for 0, 2 , 4, 6, and 8 Sundays. The molded composite consists of 60% epoxy resin and 40% catalyst as hardeners with 1, 2, and 3 ply woven strips and held for 12 hours. Composite printing using the hand lay-up method, which is printing the composite manually. For composites of 1 ply woven, epoxy resin is poured into a mold and then woven and covered with epoxy resin and then pressed. For composites of 2, 3 layers of webbing, the process is the same as for composites of 1 layer of webbing. The composite that has been removed from the mold container is then left in the room for one week. Composites are repaired to check whether there are defects or not, especially on the surface. The next process is the manufacture of test samples, for tensile tests based on ASTM (D638-02) and bending tests according to ASTM (D790-02). Before the test is carried out, the sample is repaired first to ensure that the sample is in a standard state to be ready to be tested. The results of testing the optimal tensile strength of the petung bamboo strip reinforced composite without immersion were 1 layer (36,436 MPa), 2 layers (45,840 MPa), and 3 layers (58,143 MPa). The optimal tensile strength of composite with 1 ply woven, 10 ppm, and 8 weeks immersion time (43.962 MPa) increased (17,119%). The optimal tensile strength of composite with 2 layers of woven, 10 ppm, 2 weeks immersion time (56,443 MPa) increased (18.785%). The optimal tensile strength of composites with 3 layers of woven, 10 ppm, and 2 weeks of immersion (65,479 MPa) increased (11,204%). The optimal tensile strength of the composite with 1 ply woven 20 ppm and immersion time of 4 weeks (46,437 MPa) increased (21,537%). The optimal tensile strength of the composite with 2 layers of 20 ppm woven, and the immersion time of 4 weeks (50.921) increased (9.978 %). The optimal tensile strength of the composite with 3 layers of 20 ppm woven for 4 weeks (61,534) increased (5,511 %). The optimal tensile strength of composite with 1 ply woven, 30 ppm, and 6 weeks immersion time (45,337 MPa) increased (6,851 %). The optimal tensile strength of the composite with 2 layers of woven, 30 ppm, and 4 weeks of immersion time (48,946 MPa) increased (6,346 %). The optimal tensile strength of composite with 3 layers of woven, 30 ppm, and 4 weeks immersion time (61.408 MPa) increased (5.317%). By paying attention to the changes that occur in each layer and treatment, it can be stated that the most significant increase in tensile strength was at 4 weeks immersion at 20 ppm salinity and 1 layer woven, which increased (21.537 %). The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) results show that between the matrix and the woven bamboo strips of petung, some parts of the surface do not seem to bind together. This is due to the length of immersion so that the petung bamboo strip woven shows damage, especially on the surface.

Full Text