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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences August 2020 | Vol. 15 No. 16 |
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Title: |
Analysis of river sloping towards the
sediment transport potential of Mentawa River-Banggai Regency |
Author (s): |
M. Galib Ishak, I. Wayan Sutapa and Ulida
Kamaria |
Abstract: |
Sedimentation in the Mentawa river has increased from year to year, thus
also the scouring of river banks which results in changes in the basic
characteristics of the channel. The study was conducted to determine the
differences between suspended sediment transport and bedload sediment
transport in upstream, middle and downstream rivers, as well as bedload
sediment transport capacity based on the amount of flood discharge. By
measuring river variables in the field and using several methods to
obtain sediment transport discharge, the EDI method for suspended
sediment transport, while for bedload sediment are used MPM and Einstein
methods, with a return period of rainfall 1, 5 and 25 years to get the
bedload transport discharge. Results with the EDI method yielded
sediment suspended in the upstream, middle and downstream sections
respectively 0.0003, 0.0004 and 0.0009 m3/s, while for the bedload
sediments the MPM method was 0.1607, 0.1071, 0.2156 m3/s, and the
Einstein Method yielded 0.0680, 0.0080 and 0.1192 m3/s. The steeper the
volume of sediment deposits the smaller, the volume of sediment means is
directly proportional to the slope of the river. |
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Title: |
Characterization and simulation of
aperiodic noise generated by lineal and non-linear loads in a
residential-type electric system based on the Middleton model |
Author (s): |
Pablo Emilio Rozo Garcia, Johann Alexander
Hernández Mora and Francisco Santamaria Piedrahita |
Abstract: |
In
this work, the asynchronous impulsive noise present in electric lines is
characterized. This noise is used as communications media -PLC- which is
stochastic by nature and turns detection into a complex matter. In first
place, it is determined how to carry out the detection of aperiodical
noise and the conditions in which it must be detected and the measuring
environment, the selection of linear and non-linear loads and the
measuring equipment are also discussed. The algorithms used to process
the information are also implemented. The detected impulsive noises are
Burst type since they are the most critical in an electric line
communication system. Said noises were predicted using statistical
processes and characterized using the Middleton model. A proposal was
stated to detected aperiodic noise and, hence, a testing system was
implemented in a household with several appliances in different states
such as connection, disconnection, turn on, turn off, etc. The results
are favorable and two types of aperiodic noise were found: type 1, whose
first impulse is high but is diluted over time and the Burst type that
corresponds to an oscillation with a specific frequency which is
maintained during a period of time as indicated in the classification of
aperiodic noise. |
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Title: |
Understanding of corrosion in gas
pipelines of API 5L X65 through characterizing sludge formed |
Author (s): |
A. R. S. Nurhidayat, A. Suprihanto and A.
P. Bayuseno |
Abstract: |
Natural gas with acid gases (H2S, CO2, and organic acids) transported in
the pipeline leads to a corrosion process and produces sludge
accumulated in the pipe. This study was devoted to understanding the
corrosion of API 5L X65 pipelines by examining the resulting sludge. The
collected sludge was then treated and dried to become powder.
Subsequently, the powder was subjected to XRF, XRD and SEM-EDX analysis
for experimental material characterization. The obtained sludge contains
major elements of Fe, Ca, Mn, and S according to the XRF analysis, while
the resulting particle shape was in the form of rounded, irregular
aggregates with a size of 8.427 µm and 6.775 µm while EDX results show
the most chemical composition of specimens corresponding to elements of
Fe, C, and O. The XRD Rietveld method confirmed that magnetite (Fe3O4)
is the main crystalline mineral found in the corrosion product, while
some minor products (e.g.CaCO3, FeCO3, and FeS) could be not detected
under detecting limit of x-ray diffraction study. Evidently, the
pipelines of API 5L X65 had been subjected to mainly CO2 corrosion, but
a further assessment of this mechanism is still needed for a failure
prediction and corrosion protection program of pipelines. |
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Title: |
Fourier transform with exponential filter
for the reduction of fluctuations in the nuclear reactivity calculation |
Author (s): |
Daniel Suescún-Díaz, Freddy Humberto
Escobar and D. Peña Lara |
Abstract: |
This
study uses the Fast Fourier Transform method for the calculation of
reactivity; this method approximates the integral of the inverse point
kinetic equation as a product of convolution between the neutron
population density and the function of the unitary impulse that depends
on the physical constants of the system. Considering that the reactivity
values are caused by fluctuations in neutron density, these fluctuations
can be simulated with a Gaussian distribution around an average value
for neutron density. The exponential filter is used by means of a least
squares adjustment for reducing the aforementioned fluctuations. |
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Title: |
Mercury analysis with principal component
analysis for water, sediment, and biota samples in Aceh, Indonesia |
Author (s): |
Khairi Suhud, Siti Wahidah, Ilham Maulana,
Rinaldi Idroes, Suprayitno, Lelifajri and Ahmad Fudholi |
Abstract: |
The
analysis of Mercury (Hg) in the water, sediment, and biota collected
from the watershed area of Krueng Sabee (KS), Panga (P) and Teunom (T)
has been conducted. Hg concentration was determined using Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometer. Meanwhile, the water pH, temperature, and
salinity were determined with in-situ method. The in-situ determinations
suggest that the qualities of KS, P and T waters are still under the
standard threshold. Based on the analysis, the highest Hg concentration
was found during the dry season, specifically in the sediment samples
from the upstream area of River Krueng Sabee. On contrary, the lowest
concentration was found during the rainy season, in the sediment samples
from River Teunom. The evaluation of Hg distribution pattern in the
water, sediment, and biota was conducted with Principal Component
Analysis (PCA). It suggests the strong correlation between Hg
concentration in the sediment with the one in the water and biota. |
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Title: |
Birefringence and polarization mode
dispersion phenomena of commercial optical fiber in telecommunication
networks |
Author (s): |
Saktioto, Yoli Zairmi, Wahyu Candra, Romi
F. Syahputra, Vepy Asyana, Dedi Irawan, Okfalisa, Haryana Hairi, Nor Ain
Hussein, Syamsudhuha, Rina Amelia and Dadang S. S. Sahid |
Abstract: |
The
development of optical fibers from attenuation and absorption of fiber
material for efficiency and quality has produced several positive
results. However, several natural negative factors and environmental
errors cause problems such as birefringence and dispersion mode
variations. This article therefore proposed a simulation of
birefringence and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) to investigate the
emergence of interference and efforts towards finding a solution to the
problem of optical fiber. Moreover, a single-mode fiber was investigated
at the core refractive index and cladded with a core radius and fixed
sample for a wavelength of infrared regimes. The performance of fibers
was also evaluated through the determination of the PMD value of the
fibers. The simulation results showed the difference observed in
birefringence produced the power affecting the output. Meanwhile, the
PMD also produced the light waves discovered to be experiencing widening
pulses in the cladding. |
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Title: |
Feed dispenser for alevines based on the
oxygen percentage and the water temperature in a controlled environment |
Author (s): |
Jesús D. Quintero Polanco, Albeiro Cortes
Cabezas and Martin D. Bravo Obando |
Abstract: |
The
article presents the development and optimized system for feed dosage
for alevines, which is immersed in three areas of electronic
engineering: telemetry, physical variables for the remote measurement,
such as the percentage of dissolved oxygen and water temperature,
electronic instrumentation for monitoring (remote and in real-time) of
dissolved oxygen, temperature, and automation for control of the feed
dispenser. It through the use of Arduino 1-R3 cards, together with XBEE
shields for Arduino. Its work consist in the sensor parameters
measurement, signal processing, and the sending and receiving data to
and from the web-server. |
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Title: |
Stress-strain analysis of a reinforced
slope with active anchors, using individual and slab-type support
systems |
Author (s): |
Jackson Andrés Gil H., Pablo Vélez
Velásquez and Francisco Javier Nanclares |
Abstract: |
Anchored systems are widely used for slope stabilization in the
construction of civil engineering projects in Colombia. These systems
transmits a stabilizing force over a support surface (anchor head),
inducing normal stresses on the face of the slope to generate an
increase in the shear resistance of the soil involved in the failure
surface. Regarding the design of the support surfaces it is common to
find both, individual and continuous surfaces. The individual support
surfaces correspond to isolated concrete blocks in which there is no
structural union with adjacent anchor heads, these supports are commonly
referred to as "dados" in Colombia; and the continuous support surfaces
correspond to reinforced concrete slabs that guarantee the structural
union between each of the existing anchor heads. Currently, there is no
conceptual clarity as to the actual behavior of each of the support
surfaces; therefore, it is not possible to fully evaluate compliance
with the design hypotheses. With this in mind, a mathematical modeling
was made using Finite Element techniques representing both cases. It was
found that there are great differences in the contribution to the
stability of the slope generated by each of the systems, which must be
considered in the design process. |
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Title: |
Modifying coconut shell biocarbon by base
activation method using Response Surface Modelling |
Author (s): |
Nor Asfaliza A., Palsan Sannasi A. and
Mohamad Faiz M. A. |
Abstract: |
In
this study, activated biocarbon was prepared from coconut shell
biocarbon by base activation using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the
dehydrating agent. The optimum preparation condition was determined by
Response Surface Modelling (RSM) using Box Behnken Design (BBD). The
relationship of independent factors i.e. activation temperature (T),
holding time (t) and impregnation ratio (IR) was investigated towards
maximum yield response, as measured through iodine value (mg/g). The
optimum activation conditions were found to be temperature = 900 ºC,
holding time = 15 min, and impregnation ratio = 1.75 which yielded
higher iodine value (1169.19 mg/g). The correlation coefficient
(R2=0.9223) obtained showed that the model is able to predict the iodine
number value efficiently. |
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Title: |
Influence of heat exchange coefficients on
optimization of the thermal contact resistance (otcr) and critical
thermal contact resistance (ctcr) at the contact interface of a flat
concrete slab and a rice straw board |
Author (s): |
Ablaye Fame, Alassane Ba, Mamadou Babacar
Ndiaye, Youssou Traore, Seydou Faye, Cheikh Thiam, Pape Touty Traore,
Sokhna Khadidiatou Ben Thiam and Gregoire Sissoko |
Abstract: |
The
study is carried out in imperfect contact with a concrete slab wall
attached to a panel based on rice straw compressed in a dynamic
frequency regime. We will propose the characterization of thermal
insulation for thermal resistance of contact (x=0.05m). The impact of
heat exchange coefficients on the front face (x=0m) and the rear face
(x=0.1m) on these resistors is shown. |
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Title: |
Feasibility study of a grid tied PV system
for Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka |
Author (s): |
Halyani Mohd. Yassim, Gan Chin Kim,
Mohamed Saiful Firdaus Hussin, Rohaina Jaafar, Nurul Ain Maidin and Mohd.
Hidayat Ab Rahman |
Abstract: |
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) has to consider renewable
energy as part of electricity generation to save cost of electricity.
Photovoltaic (PV) system hereof is appropriate because it is reliable
for sunny location like Melaka. Therefore, the purpose of this research
is to carry out feasibility study of providing electricity from PV
system for UTeM. The proposed system comprises of grid tied PV and
battery storage. The techno-economic analysis of the proposed system was
performed using Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER)
software. The optimal size and the cost-effective configurations of the
system were identified. From the simulation result, the optimal grid
tied PV system has the minimum net present cost (NPC) and economic
benefits over base system (utility grid) with 16.6% internal rate of
return (IRR) and 5.7 years payback period. The results obtained can be
used as references for the stakeholders and policy makers in developing
grid tied PV system for university campuses. |
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Title: |
Synthesis of proton exchange membrane by
Polyvinyl Alcohol - Styrene Acrylic Ester copolymers loaded with
nanoclays |
Author (s): |
Álvaro Realpe, María T. Acevedo and
Ildefonso Baldiris |
Abstract: |
Proton exchange membranes were synthesized by using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)
and Styrene Acrylic Ester (SAE) copolymers, and modified with addition
of nanoclays as loaded in order to improve the physicochemical and
mechanical properties and to implement as electrolyte in a fuel cell and
to produce energy. Proton exchange membranes were characterized by water
uptake, ionic exchange capacity, oxidative stability and FTIR spectra.
Maximum effort, deformation and Young´s Modulus were determinate by the
tensile tests. It is observed that the membranes loaded with 2% had the
highest values of water uptake 129%, due to the high hydrophobicity of
PVA, this is reflected in the mechanicals properties since this membrane
presented the lowest value of maximum effort, while for ion exchange
capacity, loaded 3% membrane present the highest value 1,429 meq/g. |
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Title: |
Effect of reliability distribution'
parameters case study: Gumbel’s Bivariate Exponential |
Author (s): |
Afrah Al-Bossly |
Abstract: |
The
vast majority of variable exponent distributions retire in the context
of reliability in one way. When talking about reliability, consider
mainly the time lag between device interference and failure. In a
bivariate or multivariate context, it is concerned with dependencies
between failures, such as those of two components of the system. The
univariate exponential distribution is also important in describing that
age for a single component. Bivariate distributions with exponential
marginal are also very widely used in describing the lifetime of the two
components together. Bivariate exponential distributions often arise
from shocks that cause cumulative damage to components that will
eventually destroy components or cause cumulative damage. The shock
numbers N1 and N2 required to multiply components 1 and 2, respectively,
have a bivariate geometric distribution. This research concerns on
Stress-Strength Reliability of a Two-Component System by using Gumbel’s
Bivariate Exponential Distribution, type1. An application of the results
is also provided in devices failure data. |
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