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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences September 2018 | Vol. 13 No. 17 |
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Title: |
Study the effect of ice accretion on
various aerodynamic flight characteristics using F-16 model |
Author (s): |
Ali Sabri Abbas and Anwar Luay Khaleel |
Abstract: |
The
buildup of ice on lifting devices during flight manifests a risk to any
aircraft safety. A major rolling parameter in the criteria of aircraft
icing is the ice roughness which indicates surface roughness induced
with the initial stages of in-flight ice accumulations. Icing type
classification was related to the structure and appearance of the ice
may vary based on the atmospheric and flight conditions in which it
forms. Present work utilizes rime layer since icing type frequency of
occurrence would reach a percentage of (71.7%) for this layer. Present
work will focus on studying the effect of ice accretion layers on drag
and lift coefficients in addition to some of aerodynamics coefficients
with respect to different angles of attack range between (-20o to 20o)
for different flight speed velocities having a range of (15, 31, 40, 47,
& 54 m/s) through using of (F-16) aircraft prototype that has a 1:48th
scale where the accretion layer was simulated on both wing and tail
area. Wind tunnel data was corrected for the reason related to the
streamlines that was guided in straight manner by the side walls of the
wind tunnel but also they are curved at specific distances from the full
scale airplane, in comparison to the wind tunnel wall correction.
Correction related to the wing shape and its sweep in addition to its
span in accordance to the width of the test section therefore it is
essential to conduct some corrections for the angle of attack and the
drag coefficient. It was concluded that the trend of drag coefficient
tend to be increased for both positive and negative magnitudes of the
angle of attack where the lowest value of the drag coefficient occurs at
an angle of attack equal to (0o) with a value of (0.05) while the
maximum value for the drag coefficient almost equal to (0.48) while for
the case of ice accretion a higher values for drag coefficients appeared
at higher values for the angles of attack but with a new behavior
represented by the range of drag coefficient that entirely increased
with a maximum value of (0.38). It was found that the most efficient
angle of attack in the ordinary case of study with no ice accretion
appeared to have a value of (5o) while when ice accretion was adopted,
the lift/drag ratio start to decrease with the increase of the angle of
attack confirming the foreseen behavior of lift force reduction related
to aggressive increase in drag forces exerted on the aircraft results
from ice simulated layer. |
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Title: |
Analysis breakwater type cube of the
transmission coefficient (KT), reflection coefficient (KR), and
dissipation coefficient (KD) |
Author (s): |
Setiyawan |
Abstract: |
Breakwater is a structure made parallel to the shore line and placed at
certain distance from the coastline. The structure has function to
protect the coast from the attack waves. The division of the energy
waves reflected, destroyed, and passed on depends on the characteristics
of the wave coming, shapes and dimensions of the breakwater. To find out
the value of the transmission coefficient (KT), reflection coefficient
(KR), and dissipation coefficient (KD) that occurs in breakwater type
cube, and the influence wide the top breakwater (B) then carried out
experiments at Hydraulic Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Tadulako
University. Scale models used were 1: 30 with five variations wide the
top breakwater and five frequency variation with two conditions of
surface water. The results showed that the model of the breakwater that
obtain the value of transmission coefficient (KT) and reflection
coefficient (KR) smallest, largest dissipation coefficient (KD) is a
model five submerged condition with the interval value of KT
0,333-0,366, interval value of KR 0,111-0,213, interval value of KD 0,
443-0, 556, merged condition with the interval value of KT 0,083-0,220,
interval value of KR 0,171-0,333, interval value of KD 0, 500-0, 671
with a wide of the top breakwater 10 cm. The parameters that affect the
transmission, reflection, and wave dissipation in breakwater were wide
the top breakwater (B), high waves coming (Hi), wave length (L), and the
depth of the water. |
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Title: |
Development of sinkhole model using ANN (EasyNN-plus)
for underground coal mines in India |
Author (s): |
Poonam Sahu, Ritesh D. Lokhande, Manoj
Pradhan and Ravi K. Jade |
Abstract: |
Like
an earthquake, sinkhole subsidence can strike with little or no warning
and can result in damage to infrastructure and loss of human life
without admonition. Sinkhole subsidence is sudden and abrupt fall of the
surface into the void created due to mining activity. It cannot stop,
but can be controlled in different ways where complete strata
deformation may be dangerous or costly effects. In recent years at South
Eastern Coalfields Limited (SECL) several sinkholes have been reported
and to study the various influencing parameters which triggering the
sinkhole, this study has taken up. The parameters which are causing to
sinkhole have been collected & compiled based on parametric analysis to
this parameters model was developed in Artifical Neural Network (ANN) by
using EasyNN-plus software for sinkhole depth prediction. The same
developed model has been validated by randomly selected four different
mines with model results matching to ± 10 % of error. |
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Title: |
Nonlinear fluid model for blood
rheologyinnarrow arteries with constriction and dilatation |
Author (s): |
D. S. Sankar |
Abstract: |
This
theoretical model mathematically analyses the steady flow of blood in a
tapered narrow artery with mild stenos is and dilation, treating the
blood as non-Newtonian Casson fluid model. The resulting nonlinear
boundary value problem is solved to obtain the analytic expressions to
the velocity profile, volumetric flow rate, pressure gradient, wall
shear stress and longitudinal impedance to flow. The influence of
various flow parameters on the aforesaid rheological quantities are
analyzed through appropriate graphical and tabular representation of
data. It is noted that the pressure gradient and wall shear stress
increases with the increase of the maximum depth of stenos is, yield
stress and consistency index of blood and, it decreases with the
increase of the angle of tapering, flow rate and maximum height of
dilatation. It is also found that the blood velocity decreases
considerably with the increase of the yield stress of blood and it
decreases significantly with the increase of the consistency index. The
percentage of increase in the frictional resistance to flow increases
rapidly with the increase of the maximum depth of stenos is and maximum
height of dilatation and, it increases marginally with the increase of
the yield stress of blood. |
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Title: |
Bibliometric analysis of nearly a decade
of research in electric vehicles: A dynamic approach |
Author (s): |
Daniel Andres Barreto Ramirez, Guillermo
Eliecer Valencia Ochoa and Alfonso Rodriguez Pena |
Abstract: |
A
bibliometric study was developed based publications of investigation in
electric vehicle from 2007 to 2016 available in the science citation
Index-expanded database from Web of science, the information was
identified in the version on line of SCI-Expanded, Web Thomson Reuters
of Science, supported in addition on a powerful tools of information
processing like Hitscite. The extracted files were analyzed to determine
the number of citations, including publications by year, language,
country or region, Journals, articles and authors in order to determine
the evolution of this field of study. |
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Title: |
Bolted connection of cold-formed steel
section - A review |
Author (s): |
Rahima Ummi Kulsum Nadya and Fathoni Usman |
Abstract: |
Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections are lightweight material that are made
by rolling or pressing thin gauges of sheet steel into goods in a room
temperature environment that are usually manufactured into channel
sections, Z-sections, hat sections and some other open sections. CFS
usage has increased in the recent years as a structural frame not only
for residential buildings but also for multi-storey commercial
buildings. Therefore, the understanding of the behavior of CFS sections
especially in its connection are important to be studied. This paper
describes the behavior of CFS sections by reviewing the previous studies
specifically on bolted connection of cold-formed steel sections,
emphasizing on the design guidelines from Euro code 3: BS EN 1993-1-3
and Euro code 3: BS EN 1993-1-8. The findings from previous studies are
discussed in this paper. |
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Title: |
Investigation of microstructure and
mechanical properties of hybrid bone cements |
Author (s): |
Abdul-Rahman Najim Abd and Ayesha
Aljuboory |
Abstract: |
This
study investigates the influence of incorporating bioactive ceramic
particles on the mechanical performance of acrylic bone cement. The
formulated composites contain certain weight fractions of hydroxyapatite
(3,8,16) wt%, magnesia (2,3.5,5) wt% and a fixed amount of titania (2
wt% ). Vacuum mixing technique was adopted in order to reduce porosity
and stress concentration. The microstructure of fabricated composites
was characterized through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the
mechanical properties were evaluated through tensile and michrohardness
tests. Results showed deterioration in tensile strength with increasing
amount of fillers which is attributable to the agglomeration of
reinforcement phase which represented weak points in the matrix for
crack initiation and propagation. Moreover, the strength results are
consistent with the SEM images that showed significantly increased
agglomerates with increasing amount of fillers. Results showed an
enhancement in modulus of elasticity with the incorporation of strong
fillers. However, the results of microhardness test did not reveal
significant changes, where hardness can be affected by content of
residual monomer, porosity and other material properties in addition to
composition. |
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Title: |
Composite binders based on natural raw
materials and waste products of the Baikal region |
Author (s): |
Larisa Urkhanova, Petr Khardaev and Solbon
Lkhasaranov |
Abstract: |
The
further development of civilization is decelerated by lack of energy
resources. This is especially significant for the construction industry.
Considerable energy savings can be achieved by using specially prepared
raw materials. Examples of these raw materials are volcanic rocks of the
Republic of Buryatia. The modern complex approach to solving problems
also requires additional development of resource-saving technologies,
which imply the widespread use of associated industrial products,
designed to significantly reduce the energy intensity of cement and
concrete production without a fundamental change in technology. The
paper deals with the use of natural pearlite and fly ash of Gusinoozersk
thermal power plant (TPP) to obtain composite binders. It was
investigated that natural pearlite and fly ash can be used as part of a
multi-component fine cement and low water requirement binder (LWB).
Compositions of binders were obtained with super plasticizers based on
sulphonated naphthalene-formaldehyde polycondensates - C-3 and based on
polycarboxylates - Sika Viscocrete. It is shown that the mechanism of
action of these additives on the properties of the composite binders
appears in the range up to 15 nm. |
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Title: |
Attack data analysis to find Cross Site
Scripting attack patterns |
Author (s): |
Pmd Nagarjun and Shaik Shakeel Ahamad |
Abstract: |
Cross
Site Scripting (XSS) attacks are most popular web application attacks.
In XSS attacks, the attacker injects malicious code into a web
application and execution of that malicious code at the browser side may
steal session tokens, web cookies, or other sensitive information of the
user. In this paper, we analyzed a large collection of XSS attacks to
find XSS attack patterns. Based on this analysis, we are able to find
XSS attacks effects on different programming languages, domain
extensions, and common web pages. Furthermore able to find script tags
frequency, keywords frequency, and special characters frequency in XSS
attacks. We also reviewed different prevention techniques of XSS
attacks. |
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Title: |
Using soil water characteristic curve in
computing unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of compacted tropical soil |
Author (s): |
Yamusa Bello Yamusa, Muhammad Azril Hezmi,
Kamarudin Ahmad and Khairul Anuar Kassim |
Abstract: |
Contaminants flow through compacted soil liners and covers are usually
considered under saturated conditions during design stage. Whereas, the
compacted soil barriers in reality are neither completely saturated nor
completely dry, rather they are in an unsaturated state. Thus,
unsaturated flow principles need to be properly simulated to determine
the contaminant flow through compacted soil barriers in order to protect
groundwater. Soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) which is the
relationship between soil suction and water content is the main modeling
parameter of unsaturated soil. This paper evaluates the SWCC data of a
tropical laterite soil used as a liner material in sanitary landfill.
The effect of gradation with respect to fines content on the dry of
optimum, optimum and wet of optimum moisture contents on SWCC were
investigated. Laboratory tests using pressure plate apparatus were
conducted to determine the variation of volumetric water content with
soil suction for a pressure range of 1 kPa to 1000 kPa. The experimental
SWCC data were fit to the Brooks and Corey parametric equation to
compute the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. Based on the SWCC data,
greater air entry suctions were obtained for specimens with higher fines
contents when compacted wet of optimum moisture content and the water
retention capacity increased with increase in fines content. Using the
SWCC, the unsaturated hydraulic conductivities of the soil liner used in
simulating leachate migration were computed. |
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Title: |
Experimental study for enhancement the
three-phase induction motor using microprocessor TMS320F |
Author (s): |
Khalid G. Mohammed |
Abstract: |
This
paper offers applicable method to control the AC three-phase induction
motor squirrel-cage by using the microprocessor TMS320F (manufactured by
Texas Instrument, USA). This new version of Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
controllers permits project of smart controllers for AC and DC electric
motors which can yield improved task, a smaller amount system device,
lesser system price and bigger effectiveness. Most of the controls
methods on the inverter-fed AC induction motor derive with different
schemes are classified into two main methods: scalar and vector methods.
The V/f method is considered as scalar method while the Direct Torque
Control (DTC) and Field Oriented Control (FOC) methods are presented
under the vector methods. The different mentioned methods are also
developed to subdivide into more specified methods such as direct and
indirect FOC, speed sensor and speed sensor less FOC. In addition, DTC
contains two techniques: Direct Self–Control (DSC) and Space Vector
Modulation (SVC). All these methods share in their work mainly by using
the software algorithm full speed verification of F28335 code which is
created by using directly microprocessor such as TMS320F indirect by
microcontroller (micro-computer as example). This present study
introduces the design and implementation of high performance
microprocessor TMS320F controller for operating three-phase induction
motor via DC to AC inverter-fed. The inverter used is consisted of three
arms- two levels of IGBs type G4PC50UD. The Pulse Modulation Unit is
fabricated in the laboratory using eight ICs type SN74LS14N, 14 pins and
six ICs type A3120, eight pins. The tests have been conducted in
University of Diyala, College of Engineering, AC machine Laboratory
which complemented with the expected results. |
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Title: |
Bluetooth electromechanical lock design
for smart home use |
Author (s): |
Edwar Jacinto G., Fernando Martinez S. and
Holman Montiel A. |
Abstract: |
The
main objective of this paper is to show the design of an
electromechanical lock controlled by a Bluetooth communications module,
the description of the two main structural blocks is made, which are:
Mechanical structure based on an endless screw and the electronic
control unit based on an embedded 32-bit microcontroller system. The
proposed design also establishes the use of a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
communication module associated with the operation of an application for
smart phones that allows activating or deactivating the
electromechanical mechanism designed. Likewise, emphasis is placed on
the description of the communication frame used, describing its
operational structure byte by byte. |
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Title: |
A comprehensive review on steganographic
techniques and implementation |
Author (s): |
S. Jeevitha and N. Amutha Prabha |
Abstract: |
Steganography is the hidden communication, concealing the existence of
secret information. Steganography hides the secret messages with high
security by obscurity. This technique is mainly used in image processing
to maintain its confidentiality, provides authentication and improves
the medical image security. This paper provides a state-of-the-art
review of the steganographic techniques such as Spatial and Transform
domain embedding schemes, the different algorithm utilized to implement
the embedding and extracting process in steganographic system.
Implementation of steganography yields high Imperceptibility,
Robustness, embedding capacity, security with PSNR. |
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Title: |
A hybrid based MAC protocol for underwater
acoustic sensor networks |
Author (s): |
Sri Lekha Sampath and S. Subashini |
Abstract: |
Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASN) have fascinated in recent
years and grown rapidly with the longing to monitor the enormous portion
of the world, wrapped up by the oceans. The acoustic wave has been used
as a physical layer technology for monitoring the long-range
applications in underwater with a few drawbacks. These networks deal
with variable propagation delay, energy constraints and limited
bandwidth that is strenuous for designing a substantial Medium Access
Control (MAC) protocol for underwater sensor networks. In this paper, we
have illustrated the applications of UASN and deliberately pointed out
the advantages of using sensor technologies in deep oceans. On another
fold, we have developed a hybrid based MAC protocol for time-critical
applications. The proposed MAC is a cluster based protocol which helps
to increase the lifetime of sensor nodes. To reinforce the channel
efficiency, the multilevel scheduling in data phase is initiated with
two queues depending on the priorities fixed by the cluster head. With
this promising scheduling, we could eliminate the waiting time of the
sensor nodes and achieves the higher throughput. The simulation results
indicate that hybrid based MAC protocol increases network throughput,
and reduces the end to end delay. |
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Title: |
Stresses distribution in casing support
under the influence of local compacting pressure |
Author (s): |
Vasiliy Ovchinnikov, Dmitriy Gerasimov,
Pavel Ovchinnikov, Oleg Danilov, Viktor Kucheryuk and Lev Maksimov |
Abstract: |
The
article represents methods of evaluation of stress distributions in
casing supports of wells and elements of foundation caused by local
loads and compacting in soil base. Conditions of load’s origin were
identified. Main methods and equations are given and proved by conducted
experiments. Model of stress-strain state in casing support as an
applicable result is created and shown. Impact of compression on
absolute value of durability is presented. |
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Title: |
Principles of functioning of the
associative coprocessor module for specialized computer systems based on
the PLD |
Author (s): |
Martyshkin A. I. |
Abstract: |
The
main applications of computers today is working with large massive of
data, where are all sorts of searches and sort the most labor-intensive
operations. Existing computer systems used address memory architecture.
In such an arrangement, to effect retrieval of data in the memory, it is
necessary to make the reading of each memory module address and compare
it with the search argument, resulting in finding the desired
information in the memory takes a lot of computer time. This fact
negatively affects the speed of a computer system as a whole. The paper
considers the possibility of implementing a coprocessor module
association on modern element base for specialized computer systems. The
aim of this work is the development and research of associative
co-processor module on PLDs, for specialized computing, for example,
multi-processor, systems, performing associative function and data
storage functions. The object of the development and research of this
article is an associative co-processor based on PLD. In order to achieve
the objectives used CAD Web pack ISE from Xilinx with the ability to
create and simulate the operation of a device using the schematic
editor, and in using VHDL language, which greatly facilitates the
synthesis of projects for use on modern components - PLDs. Developed and
debugged VHDL-code co-processor module association and its individual
units. Functional and performance testing of devices tested in the CAD,
obtained by the timing charts. The results of the study are obtained
VHDL-code module of the associative co-processor, which is synthesized
from broaching the file to configure the PLD. |
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Title: |
Intake and exhaust position optimization
in the cooling duct of diesel helicopters |
Author (s): |
Luca Piancastelli, Marco Cremonini,
Stefano Cassani, Federico Calzini and Eugenio Pezzuti |
Abstract: |
CRDID
(Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel), automotive derived engine, main
advantage is the enormous amount of experimental data. These engines are
produced in millions of units and reliability data based trillions of
hours are available. It is also possible to run automotive CRDIDs with
jet fuel. It is also possible to mix the two fuels with a proper ECU
(Electronic Central Unit) mapping. Therefore, the necessity to refuel in
airports can be eliminated. Moreover, the additional mass of CRDIDs is
largely compensated by the reduced fuel amount necessary to exploit the
same mission/flight. However, an additional cooling system duct should
be added. For this purpose, fans are replaced by ejector exhaust
(augmenter) that does not need fan additional power. Solid Works Flow
Simulation confirmed the feasibility of an ejector-exhaust-powered
cooling. However, pressure fields around the helicopter varies in a very
significant way in the different flight conditions. High cooling duct
efficiency requires pressure and clean air at the intake port and
negative pressure at the duct nozzle. Therefore, a optimization of the
cooling duct positioning has been carried out on a common light
helicopter (Eurocopter EC 120). Several different solutions have been
simulated with Solid Works Flow Simulation. CFD confirms the ejector
choice and the design criteria. The best configuration is a derivation
of a Formula 1 intake duct. This solution proved to be the most
effective for the CRDID-exhaust powered cooling duct. The result is that
the ejector exhaust (augmenter) is extremely effective. With two small
intakes at the side of the mast, the pressure differential between the
intake and the nozzle of the duct proved to be extremely stable in every
flight condition, even with crosswind. |
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Title: |
No-Reference Image Quality Assessment
algorithm for contrast-distorted images (CDI) based on local statistics
features |
Author (s): |
Ismail T. Ahmed and Chen Soong Der |
Abstract: |
Contrast change is a special type of image distortion; it is a very
important for visual perception of image quality. Most No-Reference
Image Quality Assessment (NR-IQA) metrics are designed for the quality
assessment of images distorted by compression, noise and blurring. Few
NR-IQA metrics exist for Contrast-Distorted Images (CDI). Existing
approaches rely on global statistics to estimate contrast quality. The
current No Reference Image Quality Assessment for Contrast-Distorted
Images (NR-IQACDI) uses global statistics features. Room for improvement
exists, especially for the assessment results using the image database
called TID2013 which has poor correlation with Human Visual Perception (HVP);
Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PLCC) < 0.7. In this work, instead of
relying on the global statistics features, NRIQACDI is presented based
on the hypothesis that image distortions may alter the local region
statistics (Local patches features). Our experiments are conducted to
assess the effect of using local patches features with natural scene
statistics (NSS). The experiment results are based on K-fold cross
validation with K range from (2 to 10). The statistical tests indicate
that the performance using local statistical features are better than
that of the NRIQACDI. The use of other statistical features and
selection methods should be further investigated to increase the quality
of prediction performance. |
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Title: |
Analysis of position effects of CPVA
mechanism in reducing vibration of multi DOF damped system and
generating electrical energy |
Author (s): |
Hendrowati Wiwiek, Gunturharus Laksana,
Damanaida Anissa Amin and Solichin Moch |
Abstract: |
CPVA
(Cantilever piezoelectric vibration absorber) is a mechanism consisting
of masses, springs, dampers and piezoelectric cantilever. In this study;
CPVA acts as a vibration absorber and can generate electrical energy.
CPVA is able to reduce the vibration of the damped system that vibrates
translations and rotations due to the shift in position of excitation
force on the main mass. At the first natural frequency the damped system
is 7.56 rad/s, the CPVA mechanism reduction value with distance ß =0.4m
from the center of main mass, capable of damping the maximum
translational vibration by 98% and the maximum rotational vibration of
67%.Furthermore, the number of piezoelectric cantilever as many as 1400
pieces produce electrical energy for 8.6 e-05 W. |
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Title: |
A comparison of MLE method and OLSE for
the estimation of modified Weibull distribution parameters by using the
simulation |
Author (s): |
Hazim Ghdhaib Kalt and Iden Hassan Hussein |
Abstract: |
In
this paper, we study the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and
Ordinary Least Squares Estimator (OLSE) methods for estimation of the
unknown parameters of the modified Weibull distribution. A comparison
between these estimators is provided by using extensive simulation and
mean squared error criteria to select the best method. Computational
experiments on the presented methods are reported. |
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