The paper discusses the failure of cylindrical natural bamboo of the types Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea and Gigantochloa apus under compressive loading. Both numerical analysis and experimentation were discussed. There were three types of bamboo structures to be analyzed: without bamboo node, center node and end node. The length of the bamboo structure was 500 mm. Finite element analysis was performed in order to find the buckling strength of the structures. It was found that Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea was able to withstand the first buckling load up to 80,000 N while the Gigantochloa apus was able to carry up to 40,000 N compressive loadings. Experimentation was done in order to compare with the numerical analysis. It was found that the bamboo structures were able to carry post-buckling loads beyond the first buckling strengths. The failure modes were also investigated.

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The purpose of this research that we have conducted through this present work is to select the best supplier according to each situation in order to deal with the problem of ambiguity and uncertainty by applying the fuzzy logic approach in industry of manufacturing of dangerous products in Casablanca in Morocco. First, we introduce the theory of fuzzy logic, the structure of the fuzzy logic inference system, and then we do a literature review of the Fuzzy-logic approach. Second, we do the fuzzification for the three criteria chosen in our study: storage-condition, transport-condition, regulation compliance and also for the supplier, furthermore, we construct fuzzy-rule and then we do defuzzification: We obtain diagrams which explain to us according to different situation the best supplier to choose. Finally, the finding of this work shows how to select the best supplier according to the existing cases and the advantages of applying the fuzzy logic for this study.

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This research presents an experimental analysis Solar nanofluids heating system efficiency when copper (Cu (30nm) +Pure water), zirconium oxide (ZrO2 (50nm) +Pure water) nanofluids are taken as operating fluid. For larger working fluid thermal conduction, the solar collector's efficiency could be better in comparison with performance of pure water. Approach used in this study to improve heat transfer and pressure fall using the helically coiled tube heat exchange in the solar energy device and the nanofluids instead of the base fluid (pure water). Two kinds of nanoparticles are used to explore at various concentration (1, 3 and 5 percent vol.), the rates of volume flow were (30, 60, 90 L/min) and the base operating fluid was pure water. Impact of various ratio of Cu and ZrO2 nanoparticles blended with pure water as base fluid was studied for various volume flow rates (30, 60 and 90 L/min) on solar collector efficiency. The area under the curve was used as an indicator to study the impacts of volume flow rates and nanoparticles ratio on the collector's total effectiveness. The results of experiment indicate that ratio of 1% volume reveals negligible results compared to pure water. Such as nanofluids (Cu (30nm) + PW), at ratio of (1%, and 5% volume) and volume flow (30, and 90 L/ min), the thermal characteristics values of FR (ta), – FRUL were observed 0.407, 1.156 (W/m2.k), 0.444 and 1.192 (W/m2.k), whereas nanofluid (ZrO2 (50nm) + PW) were 0.513, 1.233(W/m2.k), 0.522 and 1.275 (W/m2.k) respectively. When at volume flow rates (30 L/min and 90 L/min) for pure water were 0.413, 0.973 (W/m2.k), 0.442 and, 1.011 (W/m2.k) respectively. In addition, using (Cu (30 nm) +PW) and (ZrO2 (50 nm) + PW) as operating fluid can enhance thermal performance of the solar collector relative to pure water. Nanofluid types are a main factor in enhancing the transfer of heat and improving the achievement rate of the evacuated solar collector.

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The earthquake that occurred in Yogyakarta and surrounding areas on May 27, 2006 killed thousands of people and caused a lot of damage. The earthquake was caused by an activated of the Opak Fault and the Dengkeng Fault. Previous research on Dengkeng Faults has not been well publicized. The Dengkeng Fault in the research area is in the northeast of the Opak Fault, which is located in the sub district of Gantiwarno and surrounding in Klaten district. The existence of the Dengkeng Fault can be identified using geophysical methods, one of which is the gravity method. Gravity data used in this study are primary data with a distribution point of 94 field measurements with semi grid distribution. Data that has been obtained in the field needs to be corrected so that it becomes a complete bouguer anomaly data. Complete bouguer anomalies are then separated using upward continuation to obtain regional anomalies and local anomalies. The local anomaly is then analyzed using gradient analysis in the form of first horizontal derivative and second vertical derivative to determine the contact boundary position and direction of the fault. The depth of the fault can be estimated using Euler deconvolution analysis. In this study, the results of the gradient analysis in the form of first horizontal derivatives and second vertical derivatives show that the fault is in the UTM coordinates of zone 49 S from 444500 meters and 9141000 meters to 456250 meters and 9139000 meters in the west to east direction. Modeling with Euler deconvolution analysis shows that the estimated depth of the fault is between ± 400 meters to ± 800 meters.

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Spodoptera litura Fabricius is an important pest that attacks crops and vegetables in Indonesia. Beauveria bassiana has the potential as a biological control agent. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of adding S. litura larvae extract (compared to control without larvae extract) in PDA medium combined with different types of inoculation techniques (leaf spray, larval spray, leaf dyeing, and larval dyeing) on fungal virulence B. bassiana against S. litura larvae. This research using 20 larvae of S. litura 2th instar for each treatment. The treatment includes eight combinations of inoculation techniques and the addition of larvae extract on a culture medium of B. bassiana. The highest S. litura mortality (71.67%) on PDA medium with larval extract and the larvae was dipped in a suspension of conidia. The lowest S. litura mortality (45.00%) on PDA medium without the addition of larval extracts and a suspension of conidial was sprayed onto the leaves. The shortest LT50 value (4.58 days) on PDA medium with larval extract and the larvae were dipped in a suspension of conidia. The longest LT50 value (8.09 days) on PDA medium without the addition of larval extracts and a suspension of conidial was sprayed onto the leaves as larvae diet.

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In this work the modeling and identification of the CE105MV tanks system are performed. Mathematical modeling is achieved using the equations that describe the dynamic behavior of the system through its physical characteristics. As the system is not linear, experimental identification is also carried out supported by the MatLab software for the single tank system and coupled tanks; the results are compared with the mathematical model obtained. The linearization is achieved considering small variations on the desired level of the fluid in the tank, thus arriving at a transfer function that describes the behavior of the system. It can be concluded that, although the two methods approximate the real dynamics of the system, the identification performed with MatLab presents better results for both the single tank system and the coupled tank system.

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Cocoa (Theobroma cocoa L.) is a native Asian plant, and is generally grown in large quantities as a result of production in Pacitan. The study was conducted on 2 types of land, namely land recommended by the Department of Agriculture and land managed by traditional from farmers. In 2 fields to identify the diversity of entomopathogenic fungi and clarify the chemical content in the soil. Research from June to November 2019. Seven variables were also investigated such as acidity, nutrient, Relationship Diversity Index of the Organic Matter and Soil Fertility Genus, Distribution, Quantity, and Composition of the Genus of Soil Fungi. The results showed the highest Shannon diversity index of cultivated land according to tradtional, the index of diversity of cultivated land according to traditional was higher than conventional. Genus diversity in cultivated land according to traditional is higher (7 genera). Rather than land conventional (6 genera). Land on farmed cocoa land according to traditional is more fertile than recommended cocoa land. Rhizosphere fungi diversity level becomes bioindicator of soil fertility.

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This paper presents the design and implementation of the prototype of a low-cost weather station, which allows the measurement of meteorological variables by sensors of various characteristics. The measured data is presented through a simple application hosted on a Smartphone, adaptable to any mobile device and with public access. The document initially presents some theoretical foundations, then characteristics of each of the sensors used, then details of handling, configuration and programming of the internal blocks of the PSoC5LP, to finalize showing the final result and conclusions.

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With method of chemical modification of wood fiber waste was received sample of magnetic composite sorption material. The elemental composition of materials was identified using the method of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Sorption capacity of sorption material were researched in relation to dissolved oil products in neutral and acidic medium at temperature of 288, 298, 308 K. It was determined that with the rise of temperature appears lowering of sorption capacity, what tells about possible physical forces which are holding oil products on the surface of sorption material. In acidic medium occurs lowering of sorption capacity. Adsorption isoterms of oil products which were received describe polymolecular adsorption and are characteristic for porous SM. Adsorption capacity in neutral medium at temperature of 288 K made up 6,21mg/g, at temperature of 298 and 308 K - 6.05 and 5.83 mg/g accordingly. Adsorption isotherms worked out within Langmuire, Dubin-Radushkevich and Freundlich models. It was determined that Dubin-Radushkevich model describes adsorption process better than any other. Calculated thermodynamic constants confirmed that adsorption process of oil products on magnetic composite sorption material appears due to physical interaction. Formulated kinetic relations allowed to make a conclusion that adsorption process kinetic on considered sorption material are limited by its outer diffusion.

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The immediacy of the problem under study is due to the fact that the devices for extraction of solid mineral deposits from the offshore fields are not effective enough and do not meet modern requirements regarding safety, productivity, energy intensity and environmental friendliness nowadays. The purpose of the article is to analyze the influence of hydrostatical pressure, determined by the depth of the capsule location, on the operational and energy characteristics of the proposed mining equipment and the dependence of system performance on the type of a dredge head and its parameters. The leading approach to analyzing this problem was the theoretical study of the processes of hydraulic hoisting and separation of nodules from the bottom, as well as experimental studies of the applied hydraulic motor parameters on the laboratory bench with the processing of results via the mathematical statistics methods and verification of the adequacy of theoretical provisions. As a result, it was found that the energy intensity of the nodule production process depends on the capsule location depth and varies according to the parabolic law; in this case, there is a mode of effective work of the facility to be determined by the model proposed in the article. It was also substantiated that the achievement of the facility performance required level is ensured by the application of a special dredge head, which has an annular channel between the driven hydraulic motor and protective cover, which geometrical dimensions are being determined with consideration for the maximum nodule size and required engine power. It has been experimentally proven that local resistances at the output of the driven hydraulic motor depend on the release coefficient when draining the power fluid into the environment. The materials of the article are of practical value for further studies in the field of determining a high performance technology for extraction of sea-bed solid mineral deposits, as well as during development of technical facilities for the underwater mining of nodules and other solid mineral deposits.

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The data set collected during the night of discovery of a minor body constitutes a too-short arc (TSA), resulting in failure of the differential correction procedure. This makes it necessary to recover the object during subsequent nights to gather more observations that will allow a preliminary orbit to be calculated. In this work, we present a recovery technique based on sampling the admissible region (AdRe) by the constrained Delaunay triangulation. We construct the AdRe in its topocentric and geocentric variants, using logarithmic and exponential metrics, for the following near-Earth asteroids: 3122 Florence, 3200 Phaethon, 2003 GW, 1864 Daedalus, 2003 BH84 and 1977 QQ5; and the main-belt asteroids: 1738 Oosterhoff, 4690 Strasbourg, 555 Norma, 2006 SO375, 2003 GE55 and 32811 Apisaon. Using our sampling technique, we established the ephemeris region for these objects, using intervals of observation from 25 minutes up to 2 hours, with propagation times from 1 up to 47 days. All these objects were recoverable in a field of vision of 95' x 72', except for 3122 Florence and 3200 Phaethon, since they were observed during their closest approach to the Earth. In the case of 2006 SO375, we performed an additional test with only two observations separated by 2 minutes, achieving a recovery of up to 28 days after its discovery, which demonstrates the potential of our technique. We implement our recovery technique in a web service available at http://observatorioenlinea.utp.edu.co/recoveryservice/.

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Globally, kidney disease affects about 10% of the population, and in Colombia about four million potential kidney patients. At the present, the information available for prevention and follow-up of patient treatment is insufficient. Consequently, if there is not an adequate prevention, it increases that the renal problems progress to advanced states, which implies higher health costs of the treatments. Therefore, this paper presents the design and implementation of an information system to optimize the process of performing and managing the results of renal profile tests to patients in the hospitals of the Huila department, is based on the HL7-FHIR standard (Health Level 7 - Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources). As a result, a system was designed and implemented using technologies such as Java, MySQL, Java, CSS3, HTML5, among others. Finally, we concluded that the proposed information system can minimize execution times and facilitate the management of the metabolic panel examination by the team of medical assistants when a patient's results have been performed.

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Data were obtained on the influence of chloride and bromide ion impurities on the extraction of cerium (III) europium (III) and gadolinium (III) with a solution of naphthenic acid in o-xylene from nitrate media. The experiment showed a W-shaped dependence of the distribution coefficient on the Br– content. The nature of the dependence is explained by the formation of non-extractable MeBr2+ and MeOH2+ complexes; the local maximum is associated with an increase in the degree of dissociation of naphthenic acid. The non-monotonous nature of the dependence makes it possible to obtain the effect of anionic synergism and to increase the magnitude of the separation factor of lanthanides in comparison with a nitrate solution by 1.5 times.

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As portable learning activity levels have upgraded exponentially, prompting rising vitality costs as of late, the interest for and improvement of unpracticed correspondence advancements has brought about shifted vitality sparing styles for cell frameworks. At a proportional time, late mechanical advances have permitted numerous component carriers (CCs) to be in the meantime used in an exceptionally base station (BS), an improvement that has made the vitality utilization of BSs a matter of quickening concern. Computerized flag prepare came courses from wire-based glass fiber correspondence to remote based high rate upheld correspondence models. Radio waves upheld long separation satellites, radars to microwave bolstered mobiles has altered as far as innovation and rate in last 20 years. As versatile information movement increments there is inaccessibility of force at base station. So we will actualize versatile asset planning calculation to give control adaptively.

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In this work two model-based controllers have been designed in order to regulate a non-linear liquid level system. First, a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller was designed. This algorithm requires a linear model, so the model was linearized around a certain equilibrium point. This gives bad results when the setpoint lies far from the equilibrium output level. Secondly, a Non-linear Extended Prediction Self-Adaptive Control (NEPSAC) was designed. A big advantage is that no linearization is required. Consequently, a correct model is available at each point. This explains why NEPSAC gives the best results: a low settling time, no overshoot, and equally good results for all setpoints. Finally, the performance of the controllers is evaluated, in order to carry out a tracking to a reference level and an effective rejection of the disturbances.

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The time-dependent neutron diffusion coefficient as well as the interfacial cross section coefficient in nuclear reactors at short time-scale are applied to obtain a novel up-scaled neutron point kinetics (T-UNPK) equations. The general solution applied in this work to obtain T-UNPK equations relative to spatial deviations-boundary-value problem that allows closing the up-scaled neutron diffusion equation were previously obtained [1]. The T-UNPK equations consider a new term of reactivity that is function of time.

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An microwave dielectric spectroscopy for detecting adhesive disbonds between acrylic glass (aka Poly(methyl methacrylate)) was discussed. The adhesive bond was developed using epoxy resin and acrylate. The level of joint disbond can be quantified using Young Modulus. In this work, the strength of bond is affected by radius of air void within adhesive bond. A high-frequency electromagnetic wave propagated through two joint acrylic glass with acrylate and epoxy adhesive using waveguide adaptor WR90 in conjunction with professional network analyser. This electromagnetic wave is reflected and transmitted at the bond interface due to mismatch impedance at adhesive bond. The output is a dielectric properties that characterizes the bond interface. The increment of Young Modulus leads to increment of dielectric constant and loss factor for epoxy resin and acrylates, respectively.

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This project was developed based on the needs and difficulties that arise in the rural sector, specifically with regard to water management and control. This important resource, essential for life and for living beings consumption, is often wasted with bad irrigation practices, generating an increase in the costs of this service for the production of agricultural activities in general. For this reason, the agricultural producer faces a series of difficulties when it comes to irrigating the crops, including factors such as: the amount of water to be supplied, the evapotranspiration, time, and other factors that directly affect the treatment of a crop. By means of the use of an Irrigation System and the information that it generated, it was possible to remotely monitor the irrigation activity, via online and through a graphic application or Internet access terminals, with a wireless sensor unit that consists of an RF transceiver, sensors, a microcontroller, power supplies, and several WSUs. These technological tools allowed us to use a sensor network spread out in the field or agricultural farm, designed and configured to be distributed in the automated irrigation system that controls three irrigation valves, allowing the management of each of the valves, in terms of dripping intensity and dripping time. This allowed for a more practical work in the agricultural farm, an important factor in reducing costs and contributing to the protection and improvement of the environmental management; it is in turn an activity that is poised to improve, in order to compete on a larger global scale, due to population growth and increased demand for food.

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The issue of opencast flank separation caused by necessity to locate open mining is important for excavation of deep pits. It has been proved by actual mining operations that increase or decrease in outputs of additional flank separation according to optimum stability increases or decreases amount of transported rocks by tens of millions cubic meters. One of the approaches to decrease output of excavated rocks is increase in pit road inclinations and slope angle of mining flanks according to modification of junctions. In this regard the article discusses the issues of increase in pit road inclinations. Previous studies have been analyzed. Vehicle speeds as a function of road inclinations have been predicted. Positive and negative aspects have been analyzed upon variation of pit road inclination.

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The traditional method to draw automotive-turbocharger compressor maps is based on equivalent chocking conditions. In this way, theoretically, the compressor chocking conditions would be exactly evaluated with the new ambient (inlet) conditions. Unfortunately, chocking is not the worst working condition for turbochargers in piston engine applications. In addition, most available compressor maps are interpolated from very few CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) or experimental data. The result is that many designers convert the map into a “row” one with the volumetric max flow on the x-axis. However, even this approach has many limitations, since compressor performance depends on Mach and Re numbers. To clarify the concept, a simplified CFD method to draw the compressor map is introduced in this paper. An example, based on a true turbocharger, shows the limitations of most interpolated-maps that can be found in literature. This initial “raw” map has a volumetric flow rate in input (x-axis) and an absolute pressure ratio in output (y-axis). The islands of constant efficiency are then calculated by assuming that the diffuser has a unitary efficiency. Then a new method based on invariants is introduced to calculate the new map with different input ambient conditions [1]. It is based on the ambient sound speed. This method is then corrected in this paper by introducing more accurate values for density and Mach speed. In particular the correction due to the air moisture content is particularly critical. The new invariant map obtained in this way takes into account of variations in inlet air for Re and Mach numbers. The method is valid for automotive and aerospace applications up to 3,000m. Unfortunately, for higher altitudes, even this new method shows its limitations, with the necessity to recalculate the maps with CFD simulation. In fact, rarified air and lower inlet temperature reduce compressor performance in term of efficiency and compression ratio. On the contrary, turbines tend to transfer more power to the shaft. In this way, the compressor to turbine match is far from ideal.

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The article reports about the development of a potentiometric sensor sensitive to ethonium. An ionic associate based on an organic cation of ethonium with 12-molybdophosphoric acid is determined to be used to synthes of potentiometric sensor polyvinyl chloride film membranes. The obtained ionic associate (Et)3(PMo12O40)2 meets the basic requirement for an electrode-active substance (poor solubility in water and good solubility in organic solvents). Phthalic acid derivatives (dibutyl phthalate and dioctyl phthalate) were used as solvent-plasticizers for the polyvinyl chloride membrane. The optimal composition of the membranes was established. The influence of various factors on its electrode characteristics was investigated with the developed potentiometric sensor. The optimal conditions for using the developed potentiometric sensor were found. The working pH range for the sensor is 4.0. The linearity interval of the electrode function is 1•10–5–1•10–2 mol/l, the slope is 28.0 mV/pC, and the minimum detectable concentration is 10–5 mol/l. The sensor response time does not exceed 3 minutes, and the membrane life (~ 50 days) allows determination without changing. The developed potentiometric sensor sensitive to ethonium can be used in various objects of research at the concentration range of 10–4–10–5 mol/l in a short period of time (5–10 min).

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A standalone Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver was utilized in this study to get a measure of the atmospheric water vapor of Davao City, Philippines. It aims to monitor the variability of GNSS precipitable water vapor (PWV) especially during heavy to torrential rain events. The results of the study showed a positive correlation between GNSS-PWV and precipitation especially in these severe (heavy to torrential) rain events which implies that the assimilation of atmospheric water vapor measurements can improve forecasts of such events.

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In grinding, the complexity of the nonlinear relationship between numerous parameters poses a challenging problem in predicting the surface roughness achieved. In this work, fuzzy logic is used to model surface roughness in vertical grinding process of 6061 aluminium alloy using cubic boron nitride grinding wheel. Three grinding parameters considered are the cutting depth, feed and speed. The grinding experiments were performed to obtain a set of experimental data which is then used to develop the fuzzy logic model with a Mamdani-type system to predict the output based on three given grinding parameters. The results of the study showed that the fuzzy logic model was able to give accurate estimation of the surface roughnesses closer to those obtained experimentally.

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