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ARPN Journal of Engineering and
Applied Sciences November 2022 | Vol. 17 No. 21 |
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Title: |
Flexural behaviour of SFRC retrofitted
beam with GFRP in addition to alcofine |
Author (s): |
Nirmal Kannan V. A., C. Sudha and P. R.
Kannan Rajkumar |
Abstract: |
Concrete is still the most popular building material because it is cheap
and doesn't catch on fire. Hardened cement, fine aggregate and coarse
sand are combined with admixtures to create the final product. To meet
the necessity of advanced infrastructure, new innovative materials and
technologies have evolved; one such technique is adding fibre reinforced
polymer composites as both internal and external reinforcement. Glass
fibre polymer is becoming more popular for strengthening and fixing
things because it is strong for its weight, doesn't wear out quickly,
doesn't cost much to maintain, and doesn't rust. Fiber-reinforced
polymer laminates are used to improve the flexibility and bending
strength. Both small and large cracks can be stopped by fibres. The main
focus of the investigation was to look at the efficiency of discrete
GFRP wraps in improving the flexural strength of beams. Alcofine and
steel fibres were added to the beams before it is wrapped with GFRP to
replace the cement and also to take care of the serviceability of the
beam. An experimental investigation was done on the conventional beam
and GFRP wrapped alcofine beams to determine their load carrying
capacity. These tests were administered on
standard beam of 120*180*2000 mm for 28 days to see the behavior of the
concrete element. Materials were tested and compared with conventional
concrete beams in terms of strength and deflection. It is found from the
experimental results that with wrapping up of the yielded concrete beam
with GFRP had a significant increase in the flexural strength when
compared to the conventional concrete element. |
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Title: |
Characteristics of photovoltaic cells
obtained from solar grade silicon using monolike technology with
approaches of technical and economical efficacy, and comparison with the
traditional preparation method |
Author (s): |
Kalygulov Dastan Aisultanovich, Sergei
Plotnikov and Philippe Lay |
Abstract: |
The
study investigates the potential for the production of solar cells from
Kazakhstani p-type conduction, purified by a metallurgical method using
the advantages of the monolike technology. According to the experimental
data, it can be seen that the effective lifetime shows low indicators on
the FE taken from the upper part of the ingots before the gettering
process. This applies to multicrystalline silicon cells. After
phosphorus diffusion, an increase in t_eff can be seen, which does not
depend on the material under study. As a rule, a decrease in the
effective lifetime of charge carriers in silicon can occur due to the
presence of a large number of metal impurities, which can create
formations in the form of deposits in crystal defects or dissolve in
silicon. This impurity can be interstitial iron (Fe_i), which can form
additional energy levels in Eg. As a result, the recombination activity
of the cell increases and t_eff decreases. During phosphorus diffusion,
those impurities with a sufficiently high diffusion coefficient can
penetrate into the n-type layer and create electrically neutral
clusters. It has been shown that silicon grown by the monolike
technology has a longer carrier lifetime compared to standard mc-Si. In
addition, it was shown that in the process of creating a FE, the
lifetime of charge carriers increases due to the gettering effect
without additional purification processes. The advantages of the
developed technology were observed at the level of solar cells,
manifested in an increase in efficiency and a decrease in the
distribution of efficiency along the ingot height. In conclusion, it is
shown that SC made of monolike silicon has a rather low degradation of
efficiency when exposed to light. Silicon monolike in the near future
may become a breakthrough in the photovoltaic industry due to the high
potential for the production of solar cells with high efficiency and a
significant reduction in production costs. |
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Title: |
Development of smart glove with mobile App
that helps normal people to self-learn Malaysian Sign Language |
Author (s): |
Shaharudin W. N. Q. W. M., Zabidi M. I. Z.
M., Abidin A. F. Z., Hasan A. F., Harun M. H., Azahar A. H. and Salam S. |
Abstract: |
Sign
language was used as a means of communicating many centuries ago.
Learning sign language can be problematic and confusing for ordinary
people, where most of them do not have the basics of the word. This
paper aims to create a smart glove, which consists of a hardware-based
glove complemented by a mobile application to help regular people learn
Malaysian Sign Language (MSL) themselves. This differentiates this
project compares to most other literature that focuses on translating
MSL. The glove uses a microcontroller such as Arduino as a processor and
an accelerometer as a sensor to recognize hand gestures defined by
alphabet, number, and several Malaysian Sign Language words. The hand
gesture data will be sent to the mobile application via Bluetooth
communication. The mobile application built using MIT App Inventor will
provide suitable questions and provide feedback to the user. In the
result and discussion, the accuracy of the prototype is discussed. The
effectiveness of the prototype as a learning tool is not discussed in
this paper as the paper tries to fit within the scope of the journal.
Having said that, the potential of the prototype for further improvement
and a more detailed study from the perspective of learning theory needs
to be studied to gauge accurately the effectiveness of the prototype as
a learning tool. |
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Title: |
The development of car seat alert system
using IoT |
Author (s): |
Syukur Samsudin, Adam Samsudin, Kamilah
Jaafar, Ezzatul Farhain Azmi, Mohd. Aminudin Razali, Mohamad Aiman Mohd.
Ali and Irianto |
Abstract: |
The
objective of this paper is to design and develop a car seat alert system
by using IoT. Heatstroke mortality among children in automobiles are on
the rise these days, with an annual increase in the number of cases.
Furthermore, the inside of a vehicle heats up quickly, which is a major
issue for parents who want to travel by car with their children. The car
seat alert system is designed to inform and alert parents who may forget
their children in any kind of situation. The NodeMCU ESP8266 is used as
a microcontroller to control all the input and output devices in this
system. This device includes an indicator lamp, LED strip and a buzzer
to trigger and alert parents when this sort of carelessness occurs.
Aside from that, LCD is used to show the presence of the children in the
seat as well as the temperature inside the vehicle. Other than that, the
GPS module is used to provide the user with the location of the child
who has been left in the car. Apart from that, the system will send the
alert message to the user through the WhatsApp application for
monitoring and notifying the alert message. This research demonstrated
that the car seat alert system was conceived, implemented, and analyzed
satisfactorily. |
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Title: |
Role of recycled ceramics towards
sustainable high strength Self-Compacting Concrete |
Author (s): |
Venkateswara Rao J., Rama Krishna B.,
Nethaji A. N. and Ravi Prasad D. |
Abstract: |
Applications of Self consolidating concrete (SCC) are on the rise day by
day throughout the world in various fields like precast members
production, construction of tall buildings, earth retaining structures,
deep foundations, bridge decks, pavements, repair and retrofitting works
etc. This might be due to its improved constructability in terms of
faster placement of concrete, less involvement of skilled labour,
penetration into congested reinforced areas and so on. Construction
industries are facing challenges in acquiring raw materials throughout
the year. To maintain continuous supply, sustainability of the resources
and identification of alternative resources is highly desirable. The
present paper addresses one such alternative of employing recycled
ceramics as a partial replacement to cement as well as fine and coarse
aggregates. Cement and aggregates in SCC mix of strength about 60 MPa,
are partially replaced with Recycled ceramic powder and recycled ceramic
aggregates up to 50% in increments of 12.5%. Desired fresh properties
are obtained by varying the dosage of the superplasticizer. From the
results, it was observed that recycled ceramic powder and fine
aggregates can replace the cement and fine aggregates up to 40% by
weight without loss in compressive and split tensile strengths. Recycled
ceramic coarse aggregates can be used up to 20% by weight of normal
coarse aggregates with the desired flow and hardened properties, but
beyond this SCC mixes are found to be subjected to bleeding and
segregation and considerable loss in mechanical properties. |
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Title: |
Applied software management of
technological process of grain production on the granary |
Author (s): |
Sergey Stepanenko, Rostyslav Kudrynetskyi,
Viktor Shvydia, Viktor Dnes and Alvian Kuzmych |
Abstract: |
Detailed analysis of each technological operation at the stage of
post-harvest processing of grain in the granary system is characterized
by a variety of technological parameters of machinery and equipment,
these parameters can be both controlled and uncontrolled, which causes
some difficulties in complex mechanization and automation of production
processes. This aspect also creates difficulties in the development of
application software for the management of the technological process of
grain production on the ground, as a holistic controlled system which
includes all the basic equipment and additional hardware in the granary
system. Therefore, the development of methods for assessing the
effectiveness of automated process control systems on site is an urgent
problem. Due to the stochastic dynamic nature of the technological
system of post-harvest grain processing, mathematical modeling methods
cannot fully describe the work of this system as a whole, so scientists
are increasingly using computer modeling methods. The article considers
the main issues related to the development of the optimal structure of
applied software for process control of grain production on ground, as
well as developed methods for evaluating the effectiveness of applied
software for process control, based on the calculation of comparative
efficiency. Design approach to the management of the system of machines
for post-harvest processing of grain, the causal links between the
technological parts of the system. |
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Title: |
Influence of rock leaving in the longwall
face goaf on the extraction drift stability |
Author (s): |
Dmytro Malashkevych, Mykhailo Petlovanyi,
Kateryna Sai and Oleksii Khalymendyk |
Abstract: |
The
research is devoted to studying the actual problem of positive changes
in the extraction working stability during the rock pack formation in
the goaf area during underground coal mining. The mining-geological
conditions of the Zakhidno-Donbaska mine, PJSC “DTEK Pavlohradvuhillia”,
are chosen for the research. A geomechanical model of a rock mass around
an extraction drift when using traditional technology, as well as
selective coal seam mining technology with leaving the rock in the goaf
area, has been substantiated and constructed. The curves of stress field
development around the extraction drift, when using traditional mining
technology with complete caving of rocks and selective mining technology
with leaving the rock in the goaf area, have been obtained. The patterns
of changes in the rock contour displacements in the mine working with
various mining technologies have been determined. The possibility of
reusing extraction workings with backfilling the goaf area behind the
longwall face has been substantiated, which is confirmed by the
improvement in the stress state of the rock mass and support elements. |
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Title: |
Natural polymer materials for the
synthesis of environmentally cleaned casting technologies |
Author (s): |
Falah Mustafa Al- Saraireh |
Abstract: |
This
paper is given an analysis of the use of technical lignins for creating
new binding materials that meet the current level of foundry
requirements. The reasons that restrain their use are discussed. Their
objective (based on the physical nature of the material) and subjective
(based on commercial benefits) origins are shown. Prospects for the use
of technical lignins are considered, for example, the use of technical
lignosulfonates (the main representative of the family of technical
lignins on the markets of binders). The place and role of
lignin-containing materials in the general view of the thematic focus of
research on the synthesis of new binders, namely the creation of binders
on a biopolymer basis, are investigated. The reasons for the relevance
of this direction, based on ensuring a full cycle of environmental
safety of production, from sanitary and hygienic working conditions in
production to ensure the free biodegradation of production wastes are
revealed. Examples of successful implementation of technological
processes for producing castings based on technical lignosulfonates
through the use of methods of high-energy mechanical action are given. |
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Title: |
Effect of soaking time on the bearing
capacity and swelling potential of expansive soil with the mixing
dolomite plus bottom ash |
Author (s): |
Surta Ria Nurliana Panjaitan and Semangat
Marudut Tua Debataraja |
Abstract: |
Soil
properties are poor and less profitable when used as the basis of a
building or construction, among others, high plasticity, low shear
strength and great congestion that can cause harm, especially in the
structure of lightweight construction and road highway. Expansive soil
is soil that has a high sensitivity that can cause damage to the
buildings standing on it. Tests were conducted preliminary testing to
obtain the physical properties and the California Bearing Ratio (CBR)
value of the original soil as well as follow-up testing is done to
stabilize 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and 15% dolomit and bottom ash. Tests were
carried out, namely the Atterberg limits, sieve analysis, hydrometer,
specific gravity, compaction and CBR (soaked) using the optimum moisture
content obtained from the native soil compaction testing to get the
value of swelling potential with soaking time 0, 1, 4, 7 and 14 days.
Results of tests performed by dolomit and bottom ash on expansive soil (Bentonite)
can improve the physical properties, increase the bearing capacity
unsoaked and lower the swelling potential value of the soil base. |
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